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Fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdVs) are worldwide-distributed viruses and are the causative agents of the inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in chickens (1). IBH is characterized by hepatic necrosis with microscopic eosinophil or basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and mortality rates around 10% (2). FAdVs have been grouped into five species (FAdV-A to FAdV-E) on the basis of their genome structure and further divided into 12 serotypes (FAdV-1 to -8a and -8b to -11), based on a...
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1. Introduction Recently, oxidative stress has become a major concern as a life threatening and a chronic-disease mediator [1–3]. The reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) are normally generated during the respiratory chain reaction in the mitochondria. Nevertheless, the excessive production of such ROS and RNS induces oxidative stress, homeostasis imbalance and subsequent pathological conditions [4]. Bacterial infection activates immune cells and induces...
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Overview of Performance of Listed Vitamin Companies in 2023
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Background Avian influenza (AI) is an infectious viral disease that mainly affects the respiratory or digestive system. The avian influenza viruses (AIV) affect different species of wild and domestic birds [1]. They belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family, having a single stranded RNA genome composed of eight segments that code for more than 11 viral proteins. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA) genes code for the major virus surface glycoproteins [2]. Based on their...
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INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins are structurally diverse compounds produced by filamentous fungi. Contamination of foods and feeds with mycotoxins is a significant problem worldwide (Hussein and Brasel, 2001). The major Fusarium mycotoxins occurring in cereal grains, animal feeds, and forages are the trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins. Other important Fusarium mycotoxins include moniliformin and fusaric acid (D’Mello et al., 1999). More...
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Digest FaSt is an effective biosurfactant that combines the emulsifying activity of lysophospholipids together the activity of botanic components. Digest FaSt ensures an excellent digestibility of fats and availability of energy as it acts as a natural emulsifier.
*Certain information associated with products, their composition and claims may be different depending on the geographical region and may not be applicable in all countries. Liptosa reserves the right to adapt to the requirements...
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1. Introduction In free-range and aviary housing systems, individual hen behavior can vary significantly, such that, some hens rarely access the outdoors while others utilize the range regularly [1–4]. Free-range and aviary housing systems provide hens with horizontal and vertical space, allowing for various choices, opportunities, and interactions; including dust bathing, sunbathing, perching, and exploration which are believed to improve hen welfare [5,6]. However, not...
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Calier is a company dedicated to research, development, manufacture and marketing of pharmacological and biological products for veterinary use in production and companion animals....
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INTRODUCTION Producing food from farmed animals is a large and very complex process that occurs in integrated networks made up of many individual animal producers, supporting businesses (veterinarians, feed suppliers, animal haulers, animal marketers, etc.), and processors (slaughter plants) (1–4). Farmed animal food has many names including Agri-Food systems, food animal value chains, food supply chains, livestock production systems, and others. For simplicity...
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Broiler diets are mainly composed of vegetable feedstuffs. These ingredients usually consist of high amount of P in the phytate form (60 to 80%). The phytate form that is found in plants is mostly unavailable to be used for broilers [1]. Phytate is negatively charged under many pH conditions, and because of this property, phytate can form complexes with positively charged molecules and reduce their digestibility. Forming complexes with other nutrients can...
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Phytase has been regularly incorporated into commercial poultry diets due to its relatively low cost and effectiveness at hydrolyzing phytate (IP6; myo-inositol 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexakis dihydrogen phosphate; Bedford and Cowieson, 2009). Dephosphorylation through phytase supplementation is needed for birds to access this source of P and also to prevent the chelation of IP6 with other nutrients such as amino acids and minerals (Nelson, 1967; Ravindran et...
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1. Introduction The process of industrialization of the poultry sector has achieved a high degree of automation, however, such progress does not translate into an improvement in the quality of the meat, rather, they contribute to increase the microbial load of the poultry carcasses gaining importance today Campylobacter spp, among other microorganisms involved in food-(ETAs) transmitted diseases [1]. Infections among species of the family or Campylobacteraceae ...
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Introduction Salmonellosis is one of the major foodborne diseases in developed countries [1]. It is known to be closely related to the consumption of contaminated food of animal origin, including eggs and poultry meat [2,3]. Salmonella enteritidis phage type 6 (PT6) is suspected to be the cause of epidemics of foodborne diseases in many countries [4]. Other severe outbreaks of S. enteritidis PT1 infection have been observed [5]. Salmonella typhimurium, a redoubtable pathogen,...
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What is avian influenza?
Avian influenza (AI) is a viral disease affecting birds, including several species of domestic poultry, as well as pet and wild birds. While AI viruses are highly species-specific, on certain occasions they have crossed the species barrier and have been isolated from mammalian species, including humans. The many strains of AI viruses can generally be classified into two categories according to the...
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Identifying behavioral signs is key to managing heat stress in poultry Every year, high summer temperatures have important effects on poultry health and welfare. Heat stress occurs when poultry cannot adapt to high environmental temperatures and need to expend energy to...
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Biosecurity is a major consideration for egg farmers across the world, and can be regarded as the ecosystem of measures capable of preventing the spread of harmful organisms to animals to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Strong biosecurity requires all preventative measures to work collaboratively, from vaccines to physical barriers, hygiene practices, personal protective equipment (PPE) and bio-monitoring. It is essential that all elements are working in sync, with no...
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Light plays an important role in controlling the age at sexual maturity in birds; attaining sexual maturity at an appropriate age and weight is the key to reproductive success and the present study was an effort in the same direction. To develop specific practice for quail production and to optimize the best age for photo-stimulation present experiment was conducted. In total 225 females and 75 males of 5 week old were studied. A completely randomized design with three treatment of 5...
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Although the first mentions to “choline” date from XIX century (In 1850, Theodore Gobley already described a substance “lecithin”, and then, in 1862, Adolph Strecker heated lecithin from bile, which generated a new nitrogenous chemical termed “choline”), choline’s role nutrition was not well known until 1930s. Since then, several researches have established it as an essential nutrient, which main functions could be summarized...
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