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INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins are low-molecular weight secondary metabolites of different fungal genera, able to cause various diseases in human and animals, thus contributing to economic losses in agriculture and stockbreeding. Mycotoxins can be found in various food and feed commodities, especially in grains and grain-based products, but also in vegetables, fruits and fruit juices, oil seeds and oils, spices, coffee, and wine (Bennett and Klich, 2003). The most prevalent mycotoxins,...
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Mycotoxin management in Poultry. 1. Today, we have been witnessing a steady tendency in the increase of global demand for maize, wheat, soybeans, and their products due to the steady growth and strengthening of the livestock industry. a) The rain has dashed the dreams of several farmers who were expecting good crop this year. b) Adverse weather conditions were the main contributing factor to reduced yield and crop quality across the states of Karnataka,...
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January 29, 2024
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INTRODUCTION Fungi plays a substantial role in spoilage of agricultural commodities and produces a variety of toxic secondary metabolites called mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and farm animals (Andersen and Thrane, 2006; Van Egmond et al., 2007; Mudili et al., 2014; Venkataramana et al., 2014; Muthulakshmi et al., 2018). The fungal infestations primarily commence at pre-harvesting and post-harvesting times owed to inappropriate agronomic practices (Neme and Mohammed, 2017)....
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INTRODUCTION Aflatoxins and other mycotoxin are activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), are a structurally diverse group of fungal secondary metabolites and a toxigenically and chemically heterogeneous assemblage. They are ubiquitous contaminants in a broad range of agricultural commodities and feed (Table 1) and can contaminate the food supply at any time during production, processing, transport or storage (Bräse et al., 2009). Currently, far more than 400 mycotoxins...
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INTRODUCTION: THE GENERAL PLAYING FIELD Mycotoxins in developed countries are a significant food safety issue that is reasonably well controlled (World Health Organization, 2018). Regulatory checks at levels from grain elevators to in-house company checks usually identify contaminated lots and ensure that mycotoxins in both human foods and animal feeds do not exceed regulatory guidelines. Mycotoxin-related problems can be front page news, though such as the contamination of dog food...
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INTRODUCTION A Rising Call To Action As government-mandated and industry-driven hazard identification and prevention efforts become standard operating procedure for an expanding cross-section of the global feed industry, the need of its diverse stakeholders for fast, easy, cost-effective access to reliable aflatoxin data continues to intensify. Recognition of aflatoxins as a chemical hazard of very high concern spans the gamut of national and international regulatory...
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Introduction An estimated 30 to 50% of food commodities are lost during pre-harvest or post-harvest globally, which does not only threaten global food security but wastes 1.47–1.96 Gha of arable land, 0.75–1.25 trillion cubic meters of water and 1 to 1.5% of global energy (Fox and Fimeche, 2013). The pre-harvest and postharvest losses in food commodities may occur due to attack by several biotic and abiotic factors. In storage system, fungal bio-deterioration of stored...
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In the first half of 2023, Life Rainbow mycotoxin analysis lab collected 141 feed samples of raw materials and feed mills in farms and analyzed them. The survey provides essential information on the feed pollution situation of Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2), Zearalenone, Fumonisins (B1, B2, and B3) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in Taiwan. All the samples were analyzed using ELISA Mycotoxin analysis kit. Results: 141 feed samples were collected, and 80.1% were...
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Introduction Zearalenone (ZEA) is a worldwide distributed mycotoxin as indicated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 1–3 Its toxicity and incidence was confirmed by recent reports. 4,5 This resorcylic lactone is produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and is one of the most important toxins causing serious reproductive failures in pig production, due to its ability to couple 17--estradiol receptors. This interference with cytosolic...
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Dan Colombus (University of Saskatchewan) discusses the difficulty of tackling the synergistic effects of mycotoxin contaminations, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Chris Parks (Cargill) talked about symptoms and subclinical issues regarding mycotoxin effects on swine health, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Introduction Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by various fungi in a variety of commodities and foods. These compounds are not directly involved in the basic functioning of fungi, but some appear to play a “chemical offense” role and increase the susceptibility of the host organism to further fungal infection 1 . As suggested by their name, mycotoxins can cause toxic effects when consumed. The potential harmful effects of mycotoxins vary and a...
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Introduction It is well known that weeds can negatively affect agricultural production [1]. Weeds represent one of the greatest limiting factors for crop yield [2] since they can compete for resources such as water, light, nutrients and space, thereby diminishing plant growth [3, 4]. In addition, weeds may harbour other potentially harmful pests and pathogens that can affect economically important crops [5]. Weeds are conventionally controlled using manual, mechanical and...
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Introduction Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease of major concern to wheat production. In Brazil, the disease is caused by members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), which infect wheat florets and contaminate grains with dangerous mycotoxins (Del Ponte et al., 2015). These fungi are able to synthesize a range of mycotoxins such as trichothecenes, mainly deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA) (Bryden, 2012). Ochratoxin A (OTA) is not a Fusarium...
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1. Introduction Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a monocotyledonous spice crop, believed to have originated in Persia. This spice has been cultivated since ancient times, and it is highly valued for its red stigmas. When dried, these stigmas, either with or without a yellow-white style portion attached, yield the spice, which possesses distinctive colouring, flavouring, and aromatic properties. The spice owes its colouring capacity, bitter taste, and pleasant aroma to its main...
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Don Giesting (Cargill) shared his insights on the different effects of several mycotoxins like DON, Zearalenone, Aflatoxin, Fumonisin and Fusarium, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Don Giesting (Cargill) discussed the combined effects of mycotoxins on animal health, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Don Giesting (Cargill) commented on this mycotoxin and its varieties, as well as its impact on animal health, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Don Giesting (Cargill) talked about the trends found in mycotoxin surveys and samples, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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What is the impact of Zearalenone on birds? Why are birds less susceptible to ZEA than pigs? Dr. Manuel Contreras (Special Nutrients/Agrimprove) responds to these questions
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