Sudipto Haldar

1. IntroductionMycotoxins are low molecular weight secondary metabolites produced under appropriate humidity and temperature conditions by filamentous fungi that pose serious risks to animal and human health [1]. With over 300 types of mycotoxins identified to date, mycotoxins can accumulate in various feeds and foods and make agricultural products unfit for consumption [2]. However, many mycotoxi ...

I. INTRODUCTIONThe inclusion of alternative ingredients such as rice bran, DDGs and sunflower meal in layer diets, to reduce feed cost, can result in higher phytate levels, potentially limiting availability of minerals, protein and energy, all of which are important to maintain egg production, eggshell strength and bone strength (Bello and Korver, 2019). Phytase enzymes are commonly used in the an ...

I. IntroductionPhytase, apart from increasing phosphorus (P) availability from plant ingredients, improves availability of non-P nutrients like Ca, amino acids (AA), and energy (AME) by facilitating the breakdown of phytate P and thus negating its antinutritional effects (Dersjant-Li et al. 2016). Phytase along with carbohydrase enzymes could improve productivity of chickens with a lower feed cost ...

I. IntroductionPhytase enzymes are commonly used in the pig and poultry feed industry mainly to increase the availability of phosphorus (P) from plant ingredients. Additionally, phytase improves the availability of other nutrients such as Ca, digestible amino acids (AA), and energy (Dersjant4Li et al. 2015a) by facilitating breakdown of phytate P and thus negating its anti-nutritional effects on n ...

IntroductionThe gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of a chicken harbours a diverse bacterial community in which each bacterium is adapted to its own ecological niche and synergistically lives with other bacterial species in the same community. The composition and function of these communities vary depending on the age of the birds, location in the GI tract and on the dietary components (Shang et al., 20 ...

Nutrients in most feed ingredients are present in a complex matrix. Therefore, it is anticipated that feed enzymes like protease can exert a wide influence on nutrient digestibility beyond their targeted substrates (Cowieson and Bedford, 2009). For instance, the disruption of protein matrix surrounding starch granules due to protease supplementation had been shown to improve energy digestibility i ...