Giuseppina Avantaggiato

1. Introduction The appearance of new transmittable plant diseases is determined by anthropogenic and conservational change, including changes in trade, land use, and climate [1–4]. The growth of infected plant material through trade in plant products, germplasm, grafts, and live plants has been recognised as the greatest contributing factor to the emergence of new plant diseases [5–7 ...

1. IntroductionMycotoxins are harmful secondary metabolites produced by fungi that contaminate a wide range of food and feed products [1–3]. Depending on the frequency of occurrence and/or the severity of the disease that they produce, mycotoxins belonging to the aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and Fusarium toxin groups exert great impacts on animal/human health as well as on global trade [2,4]. Afla ...

Yeast cell wall (YCW) fractions have proven effective in reducing the incidence of necrotic enteritis induced by Clostridium perfringens. Dietary supplementation with YCWs stimulates the systemic innate immune responses of broiler chickens, suggesting the role of these products in regulating immune homeostasis (Alizadeh et al., 2016). In a proposed mode of action of YCW on bacteria, the branched l ...

1. Introduction Modern feed mills produce a wide range of products on a daily basis, regardless of whether they have one or several processing lines. Formulated diets are often composed of more than 20 ingredients and each of the ingredients is carefully selected based on the nutritional quality, safety, price, and availability [1]. Safe ingredients are important for the production of safe animal ...

1. Introduction Mycotoxins are fungi-derived metabolites capable of causing a dverse effects to both humans and animals. They are produced by toxigenic fungi, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Fusarium species, under specific temperature and humidity conditions [1–4]. The main mycotoxins occurring in food and feedstuffs are aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, deoxyni ...