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I. INTRODUCTION Management of coccidiosis has traditionally been via medication or vaccination. Anticoccidial programmes typically comprise a chemical and an ionophore component. Ionophores are under increasing regulatory and consumer scrutiny for their antimicrobial activity. Coccidial vaccines comprise Eimeria strains that are either attenuated (typically via repeated passage) or nonpathogenic or unmodified strains of field isolates. Coccidial vaccines have been proposed to...
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I. INTRODUCTION Using AI, the services of a single superior male can be extended to a large number (more than 250) of females instead of 8 hens (natural mating). AI in avian species expresses better fertility than natural mating (Saeki and Nagomi, 1964, Mohan et al., 2016). AI increases overall fertility and hatchability with reduced cost of production per day old chick (Brillard, 2003). Adopting AI needs fewer males which saves feed, labour, space, maintenance and operating...
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I. INTRODUCTION Flock uniformity is a key performance indicator and economic driver in commercial practice. Hughes et al. (2017) pointed out that Australian losses could exceed AUD$127M per annum, assuming that 5% of throughput totalling 1,159,602 tonnes chicken meat per annum was downgraded by 40% due to out-of-range weight specifications. From these brief comments it is easy to see that flock uniformity in live weight is a very important matter. This raises questions...
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INTRODUCTION The nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) portion of corn and soybean meal (SBM) – the 2 primary ingredients in North American poultry feeds – is complex and varies considerably across both ingredients. Exogenous NSP enzymes are supplemented to improve the digestibility of this fiber fraction for which no enzymes are secreted endogenously (Bedford, 1995; Cowieson, 2010; Kiarie et al., 2013). In this regard, diets composed mainly of...
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INTRODUCTION The suggested BW of broilers (ROSS 308) will increase 50- to 55-fold at the age of 35 d as compared with the day-old chick weight (Aviagen, 2019a). Correct supplementation of dietary amino acids is crucial to support the exponential growth of broilers. Methionine (Met) is the first limiting amino acid in broilers; thus, meeting the requirements of Met plus cystine is crucial. The...
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The definition of disease in the broad context is any deviation from the normal state of health. Diseases can be divided into two broad categories: Infectious and noninfectious. Infectious diseases include those caused mainly by bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas, fungi, and parasites. Non-infectious diseases can be further divided into three categories: management-related diseases, toxicities, and nutritional diseases (nutritional deficiencies/imbalance). Toxicities and nutritional diseases are...
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INTRODUCTION The storage of hatching eggs is a common routine in hatcheries and varying in duration depending on hatchery capacity and the demand of day old chicks (Gharib, 2013). In some cases, the need of extending the period of storage more than seven days may takes place. Hatching eggs are stored, generally, to minimize transport cost or to collect enough eggs for high capacity incubators. Egg storage for more than 7 days deteriorated the egg white, increased embryonic...
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Introduction Broiler diets consist basically of plant-derived ingredients. These feeds are characterized by having a large part of phosphorus in the form of phytate (Rostagno et al., 2011), which is poorly hydrolyzed by monogastric animals (Ravindran et al., 1995), which do not have a significant activity of enzymes such as phytase throughout the gastrointestinal tract. However, in addition to complexing with phosphorus, the phytate molecule is also able to bind to other...
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The growth graph of the global animal feed enzymes market is expected to display an upward trend in the coming years, due to the increasing preference of the people for nutritious diet along with a considerable rise in the disposable incomes, especially among the developing nations. In a report by the Government of Australia, the global consumption of meat increased to reach 360 million tons in the country by 2018.
With an evident increase in the consumption of animal by-products,...
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Genetic progress in laying hens has never been so clearly visible in the field throughout the past decades. Modern selection methods, such as genomics and fully automated measurements, as well as massive investment in the expansion of our R&D programme have...
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Creatine is a necessary component in energy metabolism, supplying phosphate groups to adenosine diphosphate and recycling them to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) that can be used for maintenance and growth. This creatine-ATP recycling system does not occur in all cells, only in those where there is great variability in energy demand, including muscle cells [1]. Creatine is especially important in growing animals such as broiler chickens, as it is not only...
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In the past, nutritionists did not pay attention to fibre in poultry feed formulations. Step by step the researcher as well as the industry in this decade has realised the importance of fibre in a poultry feeding strategy. The use of fibre in poultry has been, and still is, a major research topic at universities around the globe. Professor Mateos group from Spain as well as Prof. Svihus from Norway did a lot of research to explore the effect of different fibre sources on poultry health...
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Introduction Poultry, also recognized as universal food, as poultry meat and eggs enjoy zero religious’ restrictions, unlike pork and beef [1]. Being universal and accepted by all religions, the demand of poultry increased globally hence the trend of rearing is also increased. Poultry meat and eggs are the main source of protein, household nutrition and income in developing countries [2]. In Somali economy, still the Livestock sector acts as a crucial component and becomes...
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Introduction The Newcastle disease (ND) is the most economically important disease in poultry, due to the high rate of morbidity, mortality, slaughter, and associated sanitary measures in poultry farms, particularly in developing countries [1]. ND is caused by virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1. This virus is highly contagious in all the age groups and can infect many species of domestic and wild birds [2]. The major clinical signs of ND are depression, weakness,...
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INTRODUCTION Pioneer colonization of intestinal microbiota has a major effect on driving the maturation and composition course of microbial communities over time (Juricova et al., 2013; Rodrigues et al., 2019; Wilson et al., 2019). Later, the cross-talk between microbiota composition and immune cells has been highly associated with the establishment of immune competence (Crhanova et al., 2011; Chung et al., 2012; Schokker et al., 2017; Duan, 2018). Germ-free mouse models have...
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Curious as to how advances in engineering have benefited the poultry industry? PSA sat down with Doug Britton, Georgia Tech Research Institute, to discuss the technology evolution and the direction it is headed. Let's Squawk About It is a monthly interview segment by the Poultry Science Association....
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Over 900,000 analytical results from more than 18,000 samples of more than 500 feed raw materials from all over the world
Analysis of amino acid and fatty acid profiles, proximates, minerals, energy and various other quality parameters
Now available as a web application with regular updates
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