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@Antônio Mário Penz Junior. Hi ANTONIO, good to hear from you. Environment and water are external complications of heat stress. May I add an internal factor that is additive? If fat must be metabolically synthesized to support fully finishing the growing bird or be necessary for maximal yolk synthesis with layers, its generation must arise from concurrently consumed carbohydrates/ protein. Such metabolic synthesis generates approximately 10% of their kcal as byproduct heat....
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Mr. Entz, we need to consider hot weather and/or hot water. If we have hot weather and cold water, we need to preserve the water temperature based on putting the pipe line deep in the floor to maintain it cool from the origin. In this case, flushing the water helps.
However, if the water comes hot from the origin, flushing does not work. Still, new negative pressure chicken houses projects are not considering to add a cooling water system. It will come in the future! It represents...
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1. Introduction Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, is one of the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens [1]. It poses significant risks to animal health and productivity, particularly in poultry, where the contamination of feed is a prevalent issue [2]. Broiler chickens are highly susceptible to the adverse effects of AFB1 due to their rapid growth rates and high feed intake [3]. Recent studies have...
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Regarding the use of sodium bicarbonate, it works, but the temperature of the water must be around 25 to 28ºC. Higher temperatures are detected by lingual thermosensors that restrict the water consumption, and the bicarbonate effect can be reduced. ...
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In cases of high temperatures, I use sodium bicarbonate in drinking water at a rate of 1 kg per 1,000 liters of water with good results. Bicarbonate allows us to compensate for pH, increasing it and restoring the acid-base balance in the blood.
On the other hand, heat stress also causes sweating and loss of fluids and electrolytes, especially sodium, which is provided by bicarbonate. The use of bicarbonate also reduces panting, which can be verified by reducing mortality due to...
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Champaign, IL - The Poultry Science Association (PSA) concluded its 2025 Annual Meeting & Scientific Conference in Raleigh, North Carolina, marking another milestone in fulfilling the Association’s mission of aiding in the discovery, dissemination, and application of the poultry sciences. More than 1,200...
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The impact of extruded soybean processing temperatures conditions on broiler’s ileal and cecal microbiota composition and function
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CHAMPAIGN, Ill. – The Poultry Science Association (PSA) is pleased to announce the newly elected members of its Board of Directors, introduced during the 114th PSA Annual Meeting held July 14–17, 2025, in Raleigh, North Carolina.
The new board members bring a wealth of...
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@Dr Kotaiah Talapaneni: You are correct, in open-sided houses without fans or house insulation, feed restriction is a method of keeping more large birds alive. The last experience that I had with these types of houses was in 1978-1980, where bird weights were less than 4-4 1/2 pounds per bird. Today, current average weight is 6 1/2 pounds per bird. We used feed restriction from late morning until temperatures decreased in the evening. Less bird density, one bird per square foot, also...
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Reduction of dietary protein had a positive response on the performance of commercial broilers and to mitigate the N pollution by balancing amino acid ratio to Lysine. The quality of the Dietary protein and its digestibility also matters. ...
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Dear All! I like Dr. Ruiz's arguments very much. Restricting feeding, besides light control, is a very complicated issue once we depend on people to make the restriction, and it is impossible to see all farmers doing whatever should be done, based on the company´s recommendation. At the hottest period of the day, leave the chicken alone. This is a recommendation to broilers that are produced in conventional chicken houses. If the houses are negative pressure ventilated, the environment...
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As stated above, it may be related to protein quality. The better the quality of protein, the better its digestibility and the less protein needed. It may even be possible to lower the protein by 2%. A combination of good quality protein, a better balance of amino acids, and more synthetic amino acids to reach that ideal balance can go a long way in lowering protein percentage. ...
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For more than ten years, I have been formulating commercial diets with protein levels lower than the recommended amounts, and I have still achieved desirable performance. Of course, paying attention to amino acid balance is also important....
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During the last decade, nutritionists recommended high protein in broiler diets. Up to 23% Maybe that was too high. Not needed. 1. Focus on amino acid balancing rather than protein. Focus on new amino acids like threonine. 2. Yearly genetic improvement in feed conversion by selection. Has led to a reduction in crude protein in broiler feed. ...
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1. Introduction There is considerable interest in the successful development of low protein diets for broiler chickens, which axiomatically contain high inclusions of supplemental amino acids. This is because low protein diets have the potential to generate economic, environmental and bird welfare advantages. Formulation of low protein diets are usually achieved by decreasing...
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Effect of <i>Cordyceps militaris </i> Hot Water Extract on Immunomodulation-associated Gene Expression in Broilers, Gallus gallus (Extract)
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John Boney (Pennsylvania State University) comments on improvements in egg production with superdosing of phytase while reducing phosphorus, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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I. INTRODUCTION Production improvements in commercial meat chickens via genetic selection and improved husbandry have resulted in rapid growing birds. These birds have endemically reduced locomotor ability; a conservative estimate is that 30% of birds in a flock are likely to have poor mobility (Knowles et al, 2008). Leg weakness has a direct impact on production due to lower bird quality, which may result in culls or condemnation of carcasses. While not well understood, early rapid...
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Transforming Poultry Farming in India with Srinivasa Farms and Hy-Line
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I. INTRODUCTION Non-therapeutic in-feed usage of antibiotics in animal diets has been implicated in development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, some of which are zoonotic and pathogenic to humans (Stanton, 2013). Based on this fact, the European Union placed a ban on such usage of antibiotics 12 years ago (European commission, 2005; Castanon, 2007). However, the continuous incidence of antibiotic resistance in other regions is fueling the consideration and legislation of a global...
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I. INTRODUCTION Exogenous feed enzymes were first introduced as commercially-relevant feed additives in the 1980s with an initial focus on reduction of the antinutritional effects of high molecular weight soluble pentosans in wheat- and barley-based diets for young broiler chickens (Bedford & Partridge, 2010). Exogenous phytase was launched in the early 1990s to increase the digestibility of organic phosphorus and to reduce the antinutritional effects of phytic acid (Selle &...
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I. INTRODUCTION The digestive dynamics of starch and protein are considered pivotal to broiler performance (Liu and Selle, 2015). Moreover, it was proposed that the rates of starch digestion and glucose absorption exceed the rates of protein digestion and amino acid absorption and this asynchrony in digestive dynamics compromises the performance of broiler chickens. If so, it follows that the provision of rapidly-digestible protein should enhance broiler performance in a reciprocal...
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The first-ever Vice-Chancellor's Conclave on " Dynamics of Veterinary Education Ecosystem to Meet Animal Husbandry Industrial Needs in the Country" was successfully held on July 7, 2025, in Lonavala, Pune.
The conclave,...
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