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Energy in poultry diets
While protein, vitamins and minerals are referred to as nutrients, energy -the 4th and most costly part of the diet- is not a nutrient but the property of energy yielding nutrients. Dietary nutrients that yield energy are protein, fat and carbohydrates. Dietary energy level is the main factor influencing feed intake, as birds will, under normal circumstances, eat to satisfy their energy needs. Therefore the dietary nutrients, protein vitamins and minerals should vary in relation to the dietary energy content of the diet, if they are not to become deficient, with low feed intakes, or overconsumed, with low energy diets. While there are a number of factors, such as level of protein, balance of essential amino acids and perhaps level of some of the other dietary nutrients, that can influence the cost of a diet, the level of dietary energy is usually the main factor influencing diet cost.
Improving poultry meat quality along with cutting down the cost of production has been one of the major objectives of most farmers and nutritionists. To achieve this objective, several strategies have been adopted, one of which is dietary energy management. Energy is the foremost important and largest part of poultry feed. This energy is either comes from grains like corn, wheat, soy, etc or through fat. ...
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I. INTRODUCTION While the inclusion of feed enzymes is routine in poultry fed sorghum-based diets, the effects of these enzymes are often muted or substandard, especially with phytase (Selle et al., 2018). The exact mechanism for this underperformance is not known, however, it is most likely caused by one or all of three key endogenous grain components: kafirin, phytate and phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds,...
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I. INTRODUCTION Estimating the available energy of feed ingredients is fundamental to formulating a well-balanced diet and lower the production cost. Measurement of apparent metabolisable energy (AME) is the accepted standard procedure for evaluating the available energy value of ingredients for poultry, as it is simple and straightforward and considers most of the energy losses after digestion and metabolism (Carré et...
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Adisseo several studies have shown that the addition of a liquid source of methionine (OH-Methionine) may lead to power savings of up to 13% compared to the powder form (DL-Methionine) when pelleting. This conclusion on the beneficial impact of liquid methionine was obtained in two trials conducted in TECALIMAN, the French technical center for Feed, in their pilot pellet mill (2016 and 2020). Theses tests assess the pelleting behavior of complete feed by varying formula and...
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Effect of yeast extract on early intestinal tract development of broilers
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Introduction Sorghum ranks fifth in global cereal production after corn, wheat, rice and barley. Most of the world’s sorghum grain is fed to animals, including poultry, but it is also used for food (Africa) and alcohol (ethanol, beer in Africa and baijiu in China). World sorghum production for the last 5 years averaged about 63 million metric tonne (Mmt), the USA being the largest producer (about 12 Mmt or 18% of world production). Australian production averaged...
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Digest FaSt is an effective biosurfactant that combines the emulsifying activity of lysophospholipids together the activity of botanic components. Digest FaSt ensures an excellent digestibility of fats and availability of energy as it acts as a natural emulsifier.
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I. INTRODUCTION The most important cost component of broiler feed relates to energy, as this may account for up to 75% of feed costs (van der Klis & Kwakernaak, 2008). Therefore, more accurate evaluation of feed energy in broiler production is imperative for environmental and financial reasons. The metabolisable energy (ME) system is currently the preferred measure for determining energy utilisation in poultry feed. However, this system does not give a complete picture of...
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I. INTRODUCTION Metabolizable energy (ME), digestible amino acids (dAA) and available phosphorus (avP) are the largest and most expensive components in broiler diets, considerable fractions of which still pass through the digestive tract undigested and are lost via excretion (Ravindran et al., 2013), hence, emphasizing the need for higher nutrient usage efficiency than current practice. Ability of carbohydrases to degrade non-starch polysaccharides and liberate caged starch and...
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I. INTRODUCTION A recent on Australian sorghum by Selle et al. (2017) that sorghum produced in Australia is used almost exclusively for feed, especially cattle, pigs and poultry. The objective of the present study is to assess the response of broiler chickens to diets based on sorghum, when supplemented with a combination of enzymes, targeting different substrates. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 648 male and female Ross 308 broiler chickens was randomly...
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This study was aimed at assessing endogenous enzyme activities and utilisation of metabolisable energy by broiler chickens fed maize-based diets supplemented with phytase and carbohydrases. Birds were raised in cages in climate-controlled rooms. The jejunum and pancreas were collected at 10 and 24 d for analysis of endogenous digestive enzyme activities. Birds were also sampled at hatch and 24 d and analysed for gross energy, fat and crude protein contents. The data were used to calculate...
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I. INTRODUCTION The optimum utilization of nutrients, especially energy and protein, by poultry is essential in commercial production. The efficiency of feed utilization has been improved through genetic development (Rege 1994), alongside feed processing and use of feed additives, especially microbial enzymes. Energy utilization in poultry can be measured by assessing metabolizable energy or net energy, which may be for production (NEp) or for maintenance (NEm). The NEp is...
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Dietary energy is vital in animal nutrition as it is a major cost component in animal diets. Dietary fat and oil contribute high levels of energy into the diet, and different fat types affect growth performance of fast growing broiler chickens (Meng et al., 2004). Furthermore, decreased fat digestion and absorption were reported in young broiler chickens (Al-Marzooqi and Leeson, 2000). Addition of emulsifier and multi-carbohydrase resulted in improved energy availability and growth...
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Dietary energy available to animals is key to formulating feed as it is required for all aspects of animal life. In poultry, apparent (AME) and true (TME) metabolisable energy (ME) values have been developed for feed formulation with or without correction for nitrogen balance. Over the past 50 years, the accuracy of ME systems has been an ongoing debate and the data produced from different bioassays have been found not to be comparable (Farrell, 1999). Overall, the ingredient matrix ME...
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Effects of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> fermentative products supplementation on growth performances, carcass characteristics and immune response in Native Chickens
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The apparent metabolisable energy values for feedstuffs are not always constant, and may vary even when feedstuffs is fed to birds of the same type. Digestibility and utilisation of the nutrients in feed ingredients may also be dependent on the strain, age and sex of birds. These differences may be attributable to variations in the endogenous energy losses relative to the excreta energy of feed origin. The age effect in the excretion of uric acid, ammonia and total nitrogen increases...
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I. INTRODUCTION Improved FCR was observed in broiler chickens fed a slow digestible starch diet compared with a fast digestible starch diet (Weurding et al., 2001). Furthermore, Enting et al. (2005) indicated that a slow digestible starch diet fed to broiler chickens can spare amino acids (AA). Finally, Liu et al. (2017) and Truong et al. (2017) concluded that starch digestion kinetics play a role in broiler performance, but that protein digestion kinetics may be more important...
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SUMMARY The objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of energy as well as performance of broiler chickens on diets based on cassava chips and pellets with or without enzyme supplements. Feed intake to day 21 was lower (P < 0.01) on the diet containing cassava chips than on diets with maize or cassava pellets, in spite of enzyme supplementation and enzyme supplements improved (P < 0.01) feed intake...
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Mike Persia (Virginia Tech) talked about body composition and the advantages of this technology when evaluating energy status, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA....
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Dr. Frances Yan, senior research scientist at Novus International, speaks about the mode of action of a NIR technology to predict TI and soybean meal and its impact on amino acid digestibility of diets combined with the protease of Cibenza® DP 100...
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