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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM The main interests of animal nutritionists are in biology, not econometrics. As a result, the economic interpretation of feeding practices has practically been ignored in animal nutrition texts and in teaching programs. The development and implementation of easy, customized software models should facilitate the teaching of (and increase interest in) the economic ramifications of choices in animal nutrition and...
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The greater intensification of animal production cannot neglect the welfare and the correct conditions of animal housing and management. The European Union (EU) has established a wide range of legislative provisions that guarantee this condition and more and...
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Introduction With an average of 314.2 kg/capita consumed per year worldwide, poultry meat is the most widely eaten type of meat in the world (OECD, 2019). Poultry production and consumption have increased substantially over the last 40 to 50 y and are expected to further increase, especially in developing countries, which may make chicken meat the most valuable meat protein source for a growing global population. The universal success of chicken meat is found in its...
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Background Infectious synovitis was first described and associated with mycoplasma infection in the USA during the early 1950’s [1] and the causative organism was designated later as Mycoplasma synoviae [2]. It is a cosmopolitan microorganism in poultry production. The clinical signs of MS infection can be different according to its tropism and poultry categories. M. synoviae infection most frequently occurs as a subclinical upper respiratory infection, but more severe...
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Mohammad Afrouziyeh (University of Alberta) discusses Least Cost Feed formulation and Maximum Profit Feed formulation models, as well as the application of mathematical Linear Programming and Non Linear Programming models that are used in animal nutrition....
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1. Introduction Transportation coops have been shown to be a vector for cross-contamination during the 3–12 h transportation and holding period that occurs before birds are processed [1]. These coops contain organic matter and microorganisms left by previously transported flocks [2]. Salmonella and Campylobacter levels can increase by 20 to 40% during loading, transportation, and holding before being processed [3–5]. Transportation is a known stress factor in poultry...
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Effects of superdoses of phytase on peaking Hy-Line W-36 laying hen egg production and egg quality
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1. Introduction Microbiota is defined as the microbial community, including commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms, which colonise different areas of animals and have an important influence on animal health, productivity and disease control [1–9]. Hence, the presence of beneficial microbiota plays an important role in production, protection from pathogens, control of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, detoxification (controlling the behavioural...
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The average commercial broiler consumes 3.2 kg of feed over 35 days to achieve 1.8 kg of body weight, compared with more than 20 kg of feed over 112 days to attain the same weight in the 1920’s. This improvement in poultry growth performance has been achieved, in large part, through advances in animal genetics, health, and nutrition, including the use of in-feed antibiotic growth promoters such as virginiamycin and bacitracin methylene disalicylate. Dietary antibiotics have been used...
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In general, composting poultry can be described as an all-natural, environmentally friendly method of mortality management, which minimizes water and air pollution by retaining nutrients, pathogens, and odors. Given the right conditions, microorganisms break down organic material (poultry mortalities, in this case) and carbon into a useful and valuable finished product. Composting also can enhance disease prevention efforts and biosecurity practices by operating in an...
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INTRODUCTION The rapid expansion of commercial ethanol production, esp. in the United States, has resulted in a significant increase in the availability of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a co-product of the ethanol production process (De Matteis et al. , 2019). Total annual ethanol and DDGS production in the USA is 15 billion gallons and 44 million metric tons, respectively, making the USA the world’s largest DDGS producer (US Grains Council,...
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Martin Smith, Technical Service Director, Animal Nutrition, explains how Evonik has recognised the need to expand its services to meet the growing challenges faced by nutritionists and livestock production managers; building on the company’s strong foundation and experience in animal ...
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1. Introduction The population of the world is growing at exponential rates and, according to United Nation’s Revision of World Population Prospects https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/), it is projected to reach a number of over 9.7 billion by 2050. This population growth poses issues that may affect the sustainability of demographic, social and economic systems. More specifically, one of the main challenges consists of finding a way to feed all these people and agriculture,...
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1. Introduction Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a secondary metabolite of certain species of the Aspergillus and Penicillium genus [1]. The chemical structure of OTA consists of weak organic acids with a dihydroisocumarin moiety joined by a peptide bond to 1-phenylalanine [2]. There are three ochratoxin forms, designated as A, B and C, which have slight structural differences; however, ochratoxin A (OTA) is chlorinated and is the most toxic one [3]. OTA contamination in Europe in the year...
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Introduction
The issue of gut health in relation to gut bacterial became more evident with the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in animal/poultry nutrition. This ban became preeminent with the development of resistant bacteria strain getting into the food chain. This will ultimately result in bacteria related health issues for consumers of poultry product. In the poultry industry, gut health is not just an interaction between gut bacteria; nutrients provided...
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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common trichothecenes mycotoxins, and is a natural occurrence mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum . DON also is known as vomitoxin due to its strong emetic effects after consumption and causes animals’ vomit. DON occurrence in food and feed represents more than 90% of the total number of samples, and it is a potential marker of the occurrence of other mycotoxins.
The occurrence of mycotoxins originates from before and after...
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USPOULTRY and the USPOULTRY Foundation announce the completion of a funded research project at Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas, in which the role dietary calcium plays in necrotic enteritis (NE) development and pathogenesis was examined. The research was made possible in part by an endowing Foundation gift from the Sanderson Farms and is part of the Association’s comprehensive research program encompassing all phases of poultry and egg production and processing. A...
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Probiotics offer one alternative to antibiotic growth promoters as they have been shown to improve the development and maintenance of a stable gut microbiome in poultry, which leads to reduced enteric disease and improved growth performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to delineate the effects of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 (BS DSM32315) on intestinal morphology, microbial composition and performance in broiler chickens. A total of 240 Arbor Acre (AA) male birds were...
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A week long Online Hatchery Management Training will take place from September 16th to 22nd, 2020. It is organized by Vet Nepal in association with Nepal Hatchery Industries Association, and will feature 5 national and 12 international Hatchery Specialists as speakers.
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