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When designing a tunnel-ventilated house, it is important to install the proper amount of evaporative cooling pad. Too little pad will result in excessive static pressure, which will reduce air speed, and therefore bird cooling. Too much pad will result in increased initial cost, more pads to maintain/replace, and a larger area of reduced air movement near the tunnel inlet end wall. Pad area is based not on the size of a house but rather on the air-moving capacity of a house's...
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A poultry house controller's temperature sensors are, in a sense, its "eyes" enabling it to “observe” what is happening throughout a poultry house so it can accurately determine what equipment it needs to operate to maintain the proper environmental conditions throughout a house. As a result, a...
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1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a significant poultry disease caused by single-celled protozoa of the genus Eimeria, including Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria tenella, Eimeria lata, Eimeria nagambie, and Eimeria zaria, which are known to be the species responsible for coccidiosis in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) [1,2]. Among them, E. tenella and E. necatrix are recognized to be the most...
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Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to both avian populations and human health due to its potential for zoonotic transmission. The emergence of highly pathogenic strains necessitates the development of innovative control strategies. This abstract presents a comprehensive overview of the potential of CRISPR-based technologies, Quorum Sensing (QS) systems, and the application of the synthetic inducer molecule Arbitrium as strategic control measures for mitigating AIV...
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South American countries such as Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay reported the detection of HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4 b in domestic and wild birds for the first time in the region from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023. Human infections were reported for the first time in South America, Ecuador, and Chile. Since October 2022, the PREVIR-MCTI network, a Brazilian network for virus surveillance in wild animals, has been collecting samples from asymptomatic wild...
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Surfactin is a powerful biosurfactant with significant potential in the livestock industry. It is renowned for its strong antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it essential for enhancing animal gut health. By improving feed efficiency and boosting disease resistance, Surfactin plays a critical role...
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Drinking behavior in poultry develops within the first couple days of life. When an open water source is provided, birds stick their beak roughly 10 mm into the water, use a scooping motion to collect water in their beak, extend...
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Damaging behaviors in poultry include feather pecking, vent pecking, and toe pecking. While feather and vent pecking are well-known welfare problems in poultry that have received significant attention from researchers and farmers, toe pecking remains relatively unknown. Therefore, this article aims to shed...
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What is litter? Litter and its management are an essential part of bird management and ensuring bird welfare. This goes for broilers, turkeys, or laying hens kept on litter floors. Litter is a combination of the bedding used within a house combined with the excreta from the birds. Good quality litter provides...
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Animal welfare audits are performed to evaluate whether a hatchery, farm, or processing plant is meeting the specific animal welfare standards of a certification program. These programs may be internal to a certain company, or they could be a requirement for animal welfare certification. These certification programs...
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Travis Schaal talks about the importance of biosecurity to prevent avian influenza outbreaks
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Discover how ABTL communicates its dedication to innovation and differentiation in Southeast Asia, as Managing Director Mr. O. P. Singh explained.
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INTRODUCTION Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) enterica subsp. enterica is a foodborne pathogen that causes »1.2 million infections in the United States of America (USA) annually (Scallan et al., 2011), and was responsible for more than 95 million cases of diarrheal disease and 50,771 deaths worldwide in 2017 (Stanaway et al., 2019). Human infections are usually mild and manifest as a self-limiting gastroenteritis. However, high-risk populations such as the infants, the elderly,...
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Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) represents one of the leading causes of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide (1, 2). The global burden of NTS infections is 93.8 million cases, and it is estimated that NTS causes around 155,000 deaths annually (3). Unfortunately, there is a lack of information about surveillance studies of NTS in Latin American countries, and reports on NTS outbreaks are scarce in this region (4). In South American countries, there has been an increase in reports of...
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José Henrique Stringhini (Federal University of Goiás) comments on the advantages of butyric acid compared to other additives and offers practical recommendations for its use in water or feed, during this Engormix interview....
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Probiotics are included in the feed and administered continuously during the entire production cycle to maintain intestinal integrity and strengthen the immunity of the bird, thus reducing the need for repeated medication. Alternatively, water-soluble probiotics are often applied to quickly react to upcoming stress situations in the flock – but they can negatively impact the formation of biofilm in the water lines. For this reason, formulations that reduce the formation of biofilms...
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John Boney (Penn State University) comments on nutrient segregation, feed quality, pellet degradation, and on-farm feed sampling methods, in this Engormix interview....
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1. Introduction Recently, the interest in “green food products” based on natural compounds and minimal processing of edible products [1,2] has gained attention in determining products’ acceptance [3]. These characteristics are crucial factors that reflect the current trends and economic growth in this sector [4], which is estimated to exceed USD 13 billion by 2024, according to reports from Global Market Insights, Inc. (Selbyville, DE, USA) [5]. From this point...
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1 Introduction The emergence of multi-resistant bacteria (MDR) to antibiotics represents one of the principal global threats to public health (Murray et al., 2022). The clinicians have been considered the use of the last therapeutics options, such as vancomycin, polymyxin B, carbapenems and colistin, with low rates of success (Wang et al., 2022; Yao et al., 2023). The infections by MDR are currently associated with considerable increase in morbidity and mortality of intensive...
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1. Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the main global threats today, and recent reports estimate that it directly caused 1.27 million deaths in 2019 [1]. In Brazil, the National Health Surveillance Agency, through the Evaluation of National Indicators of Health Care-Related Infections (HAIs) and Microbial Resistance (MR), in the year 2021, estimated that Escherichia coli resistance to different classes of beta-lactams can reach rates of 47.5% to cephalosporins,...
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INTRODUCTION Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) is a Gram-negative commensal pathogen prevalent in the intestinal tract of chickens and other animals. Human infection is characterized by inflammatory bowel response, followed by bloody diarrhea and painful symptoms to the affected people and pets. In addition, Guillain-Barre syndrome can be a secondary sequelae, characterized by a potential fatal autoimmune disorder in humans (Crofts et al., 2018). Moreover, CJ multidrug resistance to...
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