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1. Introduction Air emissions from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), are reported to cause health impacts for both the animals and humans exposed [1–3]. The concentration of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and gases emitted from CAFOs can have regional impacts on people living in the area around them [3–7]. More recent studies show that emissions from agricultural facilities can cause the nitrogen enrichment of soils and waterways [8]. While...
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1. Introduction The health of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the important indicators of the overall health of an organism. The health of the intestine is given considerable attention in human nutrition due to the existence of various autoimmune and other diseases. Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and increased permeability result in a “leaky gut”, which is associated with intestinal disorders in humans, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), bowel...
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1. Introduction Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a contagious viral disease caused by a gamma coronavirus known as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) [1]. IB is one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in the poultry industry in Canada and elsewhere and it causes significant mortality and morbidity in both broiler and layer chickens, resulting in significant economic impacts to the poultry industry [2,3]. Moreover, in recent years, the Delmarva (DMV)/1639 variant of IBV has...
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1. Introduction In recent years, the poultry sector has been developing rapidly worldwide to meet the growing consumer demand for poultry meat and eggs. Chicken meat is low in saturated fat and rich in protein, vitamins and minerals [1]. Similarly, a hen’s egg is the most affordable source of animal protein and constitutes a complete and highly nutritious food with significant health benefits for consumers [2]. It is estimated that animal-based food demand will grow by...
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All-in-one mycotoxin extraction method for faster time-to-results - Myco 5-in-1 PLUS
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1. Introduction Animal welfare is a fundamental component of sustainability, agricultural development and food security. In order for a livestock system to be sustainable, it should be sustainable economically, environmentally and ecologically, and at the same time, it should be accepted ethically and socially [1–3]. Today, a product of animal origin is not considered sustainable unless the social demand for welfare of the production animals is satisfied [1]. Animal...
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1. Introduction In light of the challenges posed by climate change, economic crisis, overpopulation, and high global demand for protein, poultry production emerges as a more environmentally friendly option compared to meat from livestock. It has a lower impact on greenhouse gas emissions and demonstrates higher conversion rates [1]. Additionally, poultry production requires fewer resources and has a faster production cycle, making it an appealing protein source [2]. However, the...
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1. Introduction The availability of good quality quail eggs to consumers depends on the degree of deteriorative impacts they have suffered before being offered for sale. This degree of deterioration will be determined by the management of the eggs, which mainly includes the environmental conditions to which they are subjected, whereby the degree of internal deterioration of eggs is lower in cool compared to hot environments [1,2]. However, these cool environments will only be fully...
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Feed plays a fundamental role in the growth and development of farm animals, as a balanced diet is essential for their health and determine an optimal performance. One of the most important aspects in the production of animal feed is the presentation of the feed, as it has a direct influence on feed consumption and...
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@Ernestomaria Ene Dear, It's a quite new idea that plant extracts play effective roles in coccidiosis control. I always believe the conventional anticoccidials and anticoccidiostats work better. In recent years,I find in the market a few products are available for such application. We can share the information on such products.... Thank you....
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by Sam Shafer
Consumers often find goose meat low in tenderness, possibly because of conventional commercial methods of chilling carcasses. Goose is a popular dish in Taiwan, where a recent study tested "stepwise" chilling with calcium chloride incubation to improve muscle proteolysis and meat tenderization.
Conventional commercial goose processing involves submerging carcasses in ice-cold water right after harvest, which induces "cold shortening" of...
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There is increasing evidence that supplementing small amounts of prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) into poultry diets has positive effects on bird performance and gastrointestinal health. Soluble XOS that reach the caeca intact are utilised by beneficial bacteria, inducing positive effects such as increased production of short chain fatty acids (Aachary & Prapulla, 2011). Commercial endo-xylanases are added to diets to reduce digesta viscosity, but have the side effect of producing...
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I. Introduction Typical Australian broiler diets contain 2.5-3.0 g/kg phytate-P or roughly 10.0 g/kg phytate; therefore, phytase is included into every Australian broiler diet. As phytase is capable of increasing the availability of phosphorus, calcium, sodium, amino acids and energy content of diets, these nutrients may be decreased in the feed formulations as ‘matrix values’ without adverse effects on the birds’ growth performance (Dersjant-Li et al. 2020)....
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Trace minerals are often supplied in the forms of inorganic salts such as sulphates into poultry feed to meet the requirements. The ionic bonds in inorganic salts of minerals are very weak allowing the metal ion to disassociate once in contact with water, binding up diet antagonists such as other minerals, vitamins, and enzymes. To mitigate these negative effects technologies such as organic minerals or mineral complexes, which are less reactive, are used. In hydroxychloride minerals (Hyd)...
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I. Introduction Salmonella spp. in poultry pose a serious risk for food safety. The complex nature of Salmonella infections in poultry requires a multifactorial solution. It is key to preventing Salmonella colonization throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been described as having beneficial effects in the upper part of the gut, whereas medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) target the lower GIT (Van Immerseel et al., 2009). Coated butyrate...
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Mycotoxins semiannual survey of mycotoxin in feed in 2023 Taiwan - Second Half
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I. Introduction Poultry diets are currently formulated based on total calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus, with a ratio of 2:1 being maintained between them. For a number of reasons, there is increasing interest in shifting the formulations based on digestible Ca and digestible P. To enable this move, information is required of the requirements of digestible Ca and digestible P. A recent study at our laboratory (David et al., 2021) determined the standardised ileal digestible (SID)...
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I. Introduction Wheat and sorghum are the two major feed grains used in Australia for broiler diets; however, wheat is more common and is usually considered better quality than sorghum. The local chicken meat industry may have to increase by 60% to meet demand in 2050 so strategies are needed to promote sustainable chicken-meat production to meet this anticipated demand. Crude protein reductions in broiler diets could be a major factor in the quest for sustainable production....
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The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science at the University of Arkansas is proud to present the first International Avian Influenza Summit. The hybrid event will be hosted in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA on October 16-17, 2023.
The International Avian Influenza Summit is a...
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by Sam Shafer
As in commercial broiler chicken production, broiler breeder performance depends upon adequate dietary trace minerals, including zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). Broiler breeder diets currently used in the industry contain levels of the inorganic forms of these minerals with generous safety margins. Researchers now report that combining inorganic sources of Zn, Mn, and Cu with organic hydroxy analog of methionine (HMTBa) forms in breeder hen...
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by Sam Shafer
We know that young geese benefit from warmer drinking water, but what is the optimal water temperature? Poultry scientists take a closer look
A new investigation into goose health suggests providing drinking water that is at least 18? (64.4?) may boost the activity of digestive enzymes, promote intestinal development, increase water consumption, and even increase goose eye temperature. Based on their findings, the...
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by Sam Shafer
Particulate matter (PM) can damage bird lungs. Now poultry scientists gather data to give a fuller picture of the effects of PM in different housing systems
Poultry scientists are working to better understand the impacts of particulate matter (PM) on bird health and production. Particulate matter includes very small particles of feed, feathers, animal waste, and dander. Researchers have found that PM...
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