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INTRODUCTION Grazed pasture soils are a potential source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) due to elevated inorganic N pools. N 2 O is the dominant source of microbial denitrification, and under suitable conditions, N 2 O may be reduced in the soil to the environmentally harmless di-nitrogen gas (N 2 ). One of the key nitrogen (N) sources is urine deposited from grazing animals. The loading rate of N in a cow urine patch is determined by the dietary N...
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Objective The aim of this work was to compare the parameters of an in vitro embryo production program of cows of different breeds in Paraguay. Materials and methods A total of 4811 OPU sessions were performed between 2016 and 2019 in cows classified according to their breed. Beeftype breeds: Nelore (Bos indicus): n = 1569; Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus): n = 1276; and Brangus (Cross): n = 182 OPU, and Gyr (Bos indicus):...
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Over the past two decades research in milking management has focused on decreasing the time that units are attached to cows by researching optimal teat stimulation and prep-lag time, pulsation ratios and liner compression and raising automatic take-off settings.
Optimal teat stimulation and prep lag time
Prep Lag time is the time from the start of teat stimulation, to milking unit attachment.
Nearly 50 years ago (1980) Ram Sagi achieved, a higher milk...
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Introduction Genetic variability of livestock populations is fading. This is due, in part, to genetic improvement programs (FAO, 1998; Gutiérrez and Goyache, 2005). Boichard et al. (1997) mentioned that change in genetic variability across generations could be described by genealogical characterization; and the conservation and consanguinity status of populations can be monitored (Vicente et al., 2012; Pienaar et al., 2015). Genealogical analysis requires the creation and...
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The summer of 2020 will be remembered as one of the hottest summers in Israel in decades. The summer heated many agricultural sectors, including the dairy industry. Beyond high heat load conditions throughout the summer, two unusual heat waves stood out in particular. The first heat wave was in May and the second in early September, as can be seen in fig 1. Fig. 1 – average daily milk production (kg) per cow in Israel in 2020. (blue line 2019, red...
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INTRODUCTION Producing food from farmed animals is a large and very complex process that occurs in integrated networks made up of many individual animal producers, supporting businesses (veterinarians, feed suppliers, animal haulers, animal marketers, etc.), and processors (slaughter plants) (1–4). Farmed animal food has many names including Agri-Food systems, food animal value chains, food supply chains, livestock production systems, and others. For simplicity...
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Trace elements are required for numerous metabolic functions in livestock. Optimal production and performance require adequate intake of balanced trace minerals. As trace mineral status of the animal declines from adequate to marginal, immunity and enzyme functions are compromised followed by the loss of performance and reproduction. ...
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Introduction Animal-source feedstuffs are generally superior to plant-source ones for the growth and health of livestock, poultry, and fish (Wu 2018). This is due, in part, to the greater quantity of proteinogenic amino acids (AAs) and higher quality (the ratios and digestibilities of AAs) of the former than the latter. Traditionally, extensive research has focused on AAs that are not synthesized by animal cells and are known as nutritionally essential AAs (EAAs), including...
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In recent years, adjustments to the production costs in the dairy industry becomes crucial in light of current circumstances. There has been a continuous reduction in profit margins and increasing instability in this industry. Each stage in the production process requires maximum efficiency from both professional and economic points of view. The calf rearing stage is an integral part of the dairy business, and takes large part in determining the future quality of a dairy herd.
A...
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Feeding the world’s population during this challenging period will require to improve feed efficiency and fiber degradation to benefit global food production. Phileo by Lesaffre wishes to assist customers during this...
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Feed mixing and delivery is one of the most important activities on the dairy. Mixing and feeding a total mixed ration (TMR) is a multiple-times-per-day activity. Doing this job accurately and consistently time and time again, batch after batch and day after day is critical to production (volume and components), animal health and overall farm economics.
Accuracy and consistency of mixing and feed delivery may be one of the greatest effectors of production and feed efficiency on the...
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1. Data The dataset in this article describes the new water footprint for animal products in fifteen countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Fig. 1 presents the methodology for calculating the local and imported green, blue, and grey water footprint of animal products. Fig. 2 shows the weighted average water footprint (WF) of feed items disaggregated by source (local and imported fractions), and by type (green, blue, and greywater). Fig. 3 shows the WF of an animal...
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In 1817, selenium (Se) was isolated for the first time by Berzelius. At that time little was known about its biological function, until its nutritional requirement was revealed about 140 years later by Schwarz and Foltz in 1957...
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Claudia Parys, Ruminant Nutritionist - Global Technical Support at Evonik Animal Nutrition, points out the challenges of sustainability in feed production nowadays, How Mepron® (Rumen-Protected DL-Methionine) can benefit dairy cattle producers, combat oxidative stress and improve milk production......
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Introduction As any other Latin American country, bovine brucellosis is a significant animal health problem and a relevant zoonosis in Costa Rica (CR). Consequently, the disease is of veterinary and of public health relevance. Bovine brucellosis (then recognized as “Bang´s disease”) was clinically described in the Central Valley and in the volcanic highlands at the end of the XIX century, when different breeds of cattle were imported from United States and...
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Introduction
Milk is one of the most important foods of human beings and is recognized globally as a complete diet due to presence of essential components required for human health. India has a good number of dairy animal populations which plays an important role in economy of the country. India continues to be the largest producer of milk in the world (19% of the world’s total milk production) with annual milk production of 176 million tons in 2017-18(BAHS,...
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Introduction The rise in milk production has been accompanied by increasing incidence of health problems, declining ability to reproduce and declining the fertility of modern dairy cows. The transition from late gestation to early lactation is viewed as one of the most challenging elements of the production cycle. Perhaps the most important physiological change occurring during this period is the decrease in dry matter intake around...
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