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Newcastle disease
Newcastle disease is a severe, systemic, and fatal viral disease of poultry due to virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1. Clinical signs in unvaccinated birds include sudden death, lethargy, and respiratory distress. Diagnosis is based on laboratory confirmation. Vaccines prevent clinical signs but not infection, and the control of the disease is challenging in enzootic regions. Newcastle disease (ND) is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Newcastle disease is not a food safety or public health concern. Virulent NDV is capable of producing a devastating disease in domestic fowl, with vast social and economic consequences. It is a worldwide problem that presents primarily as an acute respiratory disease; however, depression, nervous signs, or diarrhea may be the predominant clinical form. Severity of ND depends on the virulence and genetic type of the infecting virus and host susceptibility.
Could anyone please explain what are the symptoms and post mortem lesions(in kidney, liver, heart, trachea, bursa, intestine, lungs, gizzard, proventriculus) of RD/ND in broiler chicken? Also, what is the best medication process to control it? ...
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1. Introduction Phytogenic feed additives “phytobiotic” are assuming a position of prime importance in the poultry industry [1–3] and could be used in feed or water [4]. Among the promising phytogenic immune-stimulants, Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is a miracle medicinal herb having a long history with a rich religious background [5, 6]. N. sativa seeds are used for the treatment of some disorders and illnesses including fever, common cold, headache, asthma,...
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1 | INTRODUCTION Water is the source of life on the earth and it seems that without water, life is inconceivable. Unlike humans, who can produce and retrieve the necessities of life by increasing their knowledge, birds rely more on the water in nature, and unfortunately, any changes affecting the quantity and quality of water in geographical areas of the world including Urmia Lake, affects the lives of birds. The ecological level of the Urmia lake water is 1274.10 m/12.546 Bm3...
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Cordyceps militaris is widely used as a tonic for vitality and longevity for thousands of years by the Chinese, it is a rare and exotic Chinese medicinal mushroom. Cordyceps militaris also used for a long time as a nutraceutical food in Korea and Japan. The medical potential of the metabolites of Cordyceps militaris has been widely reviewed. Cordycepin, or 3'-deoxyadenosine, is the major active secondary metabolite of Cordyceps militaris ....
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1. Introduction Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious and fatal disease affecting poultry and a wide range of wild birds worldwide that is caused by infections with virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (Miller et al., 2010; Dimitrov et al., 2016c). Recently, the International Committee On Taxonomy of Viruses amended the taxonomy of genus Avulavirus of the Paramyxoviridae family. Newcastle disease virus and all avian paramyxoviruses 2-13 were renamed to avian...
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BACKGROUND Poultry ( Gallus domesticus ) farming is one of the major sources of protein and means of food security for growing population throughout the world (1). Around 75 million broiler chickens are reared annually as a source of meat in Nepal, and the industry has rapidly grown in the recent years (2). The present population of laying hens is more than 7 million, the meat produced from poultry exceeds over 17 thousand metric tons, and the egg production from laying...
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1. Introduction Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious avian disease with a significant impact on global poultry production. ND is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), formerly known as Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1), belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae (https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/ accessed on 20 October 2021). The genome of NDV is single-stranded, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA encoding six structural proteins: nucleocapsid protein (NP),...
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INTRODUCTION Genetic selection for higher growth rate, and providing balanced diet and superior health care measures led to a higher body weight in commercial broilers. The birds that are being reared in open-sided poultry houses may lead to stress due to constant dynamic variations in temperature and humidity in the environment, which causes adverse effects on performance (Niu et al., 2009), meat quality and immune responses (Thompson and Scott, 1970). Further, heat causes a...
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me if subclinical infection of respiratory diseases -ND,IB,ART. and other subclinical infections have an impact on performance of chickens . How much is drop production and hatchability? To how much extent have the progeny any abnormalities?
thanks and regards...
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Kindly guide about Interference of MDA with ND(inactivated vaccine titers) in broilers if have please explain? ...
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1. Introduction Among viral diseases affecting poultry production Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most common and serious one [1]. It is caused by viruses of genus Orthoavulavirus, Avian orthoavulavirus 1 species [2] formerly designated as Avian avulavirus 1, that are commonly known as Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV 1) or Newcastle disease viruses (NDV). The virulent forms of NDV cause a devastating disease of poultry throughout Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Central and...
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Nasser Alhaj Ali (Texas A&M University) explained the results of his research on vaccines for this disease and commented on infectivity and administration, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA....
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Robust immunity in poultry flocks is essential to reducing reliance on antibiotics. Phileo’s post-antibiotic program provides three innovative nutritional solutions to boost overall poultry health. Safglucan ® , a key element...
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General introduction: Newcastle disease (ND) Poultry farming is one of the most important livestock producing activities in the world because it supplies low-cost animal protein. Nevertheless, since its beginning, the main threat to the industry has been the occurrence of diseases that decrease production. One of the most common and detrimental avian viral diseases affecting poultry production is Newcastle disease (ND), caused by infections with virulent viruses from the genus...
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Introduction The Newcastle disease (ND) is the most economically important disease in poultry, due to the high rate of morbidity, mortality, slaughter, and associated sanitary measures in poultry farms, particularly in developing countries [1]. ND is caused by virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1. This virus is highly contagious in all the age groups and can infect many species of domestic and wild birds [2]. The major clinical signs of ND are depression, weakness,...
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INTRODUCTION Inactivated vaccines are commonly used in poultry as part of a comprehensive vaccination protocol. These vaccines are capable of inducing high antibody titers, which can protect against systemic infections and are transferred from breeder hens to their progeny as maternal antibodies. In order to increase the immunogenicity, these vaccines contain adjuvants. The most common adjuvants in poultry vaccines are aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) and...
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INTRODUCTION Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is Avian avulavirus type-1 that belongs to the genus Avulavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae (Swayne and Glisson, 2013). Newcastle disease virus isolates vary in their pathogenicity to chickens and may include at least 3 pathotypes; lento-genic (low virulence), mesogenic (moderate virulence), and velogenic (high virulence). Velogenic NDV remain a major threat to the poultry industry because of high mortality and reduced egg production...
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Introduction Newcastle disease (ND) is considered one of the most important poultry viral diseases in terms of worldwide distribution and economic impacts. The NDV is classified into lentogenic, mesogenic, and velogenic strains according to the pathogenicity in chickens. The NDV is classified as a member of the orthoavulavirus genus of subfamily Avulavirinae in the Paramyxoviridae family. Its genome is single-stranded negative-sense RNA of...
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1. Introduction Newcastle Disease (ND) is considered one of the most critical diseases affecting poultry in sub-Saharan Africa. An important number of outbreaks per year are projected for some countries in the area, with a significant economical negative impact and deterioration of food security [1–3]. Immunization with inactivated or live-attenuated ND vaccines, although protective, has some disadvantages such as the production of vaccines using specific pathogen-free...
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