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INTRODUCTION Commercial broilers are exposed to several stressors before slaughter, including feed deprivation, crafting density, and transportation (Delezie, Swennen, Buyse, & Decuypere, 2007). Feed consumed by broilers is only of economic value if it is converted to saleable pounds of meat (Smidt, Formica, & Fritz, 1964). Since the early days of commercial poultry production, preparing broilers for processing included a time of feed withdrawal from the birds so...
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I. INTRODUCTION The global supply of poultry products will need to double by 2050 if we are to meet the aspiration of all people to be food secure. We will need to produce more poultry meat in the face of changing consumer perceptions and constrained resources. Consumers expect this to be achieved in a sustainable manner. The industry has the skills to achieve this. Genotypes continue to improve; production methods and business models are evolving; and we have enhanced our...
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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 (Ecobiol®) alone or in combination with antibiotic growth promoters improve performance in broilers under enteric pathogen challenge
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What if we could seamlessly manage all our data and share information with trusted partners? Could the connectivity and collaboration across our value chain help each one of us? Our industry is evolving toward a more efficient, sustainable and innovative future. Let’s take a walk down the future lane. Hear what Kshitij "Tij" Gupta, Head of Platform & Business Development at Evonik, has to say about this...
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Live ts mycoplasma vaccines were created to be safe but still immunogenic. So how can we assess this immunogenicity in the field? This bulletin condenses the experience of 20 years trying to monitor vaccine response and differentiate problems from normal responses. Various approaches have been taken to improve serological monitoring (for example, cloned homologous antigens) and understand problems but the conclusion is that humoral antibody is not the mechanism of protection of these...
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INTRODUCTION Inactivated vaccines are commonly used in poultry as part of a comprehensive vaccination protocol. These vaccines are capable of inducing high antibody titers, which can protect against systemic infections and are transferred from breeder hens to their progeny as maternal antibodies. In order to increase the immunogenicity, these vaccines contain adjuvants. The most common adjuvants in poultry vaccines are aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) and...
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1. Introduction Salmonella spp. is Gram-negative intracellular enteric bacterium of public health concern. It is responsible for over 90,000 cases of zoonotic food-borne infections per year in the European Union (EU), according to the last European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) report [1]. In recent years, different serovars were considered responsible for disease outbreaks, and Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis were the most prevalent in the European Union...
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Why does litter seem to suddenly cake over just prior to turning the birds out into full house? In many cases, it is simply because minimum ventilation fan settings are not being changed quickly enough to keep up with the rapidly increasing amount of...
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Early feeding can improve broiler performance and welfare The first experiences of a day-old chick play an important role for the development and performance of chicks later in life. Especially for broilers, one or two days make up a large portion of their relatively short...
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Biodegradation of Mycotoxins: A Biotechnological Innovation for Safe Animal Feed
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1. Data The dataset in this article describes the new water footprint for animal products in fifteen countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Fig. 1 presents the methodology for calculating the local and imported green, blue, and grey water footprint of animal products. Fig. 2 shows the weighted average water footprint (WF) of feed items disaggregated by source (local and imported fractions), and by type (green, blue, and greywater). Fig. 3 shows the WF of an animal...
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Introduction Market availability and fluctuation in the cost of conventional feed ingredients are pushing producers to increase inclusion of low-cost, fibre-rich co-products in the diets of monogastric animals. One major issue of this approach is that digestibility of high-fibre ingredients varies widely, with α-linked starch being digestible through hydrolytic–enzymatic action, but β-linked dietary fibres only being digested by exogenously supplied enzymes or...
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1. Introduction Poland is the biggest European Union (EU) poultry meat producer. Over 2.5 million tonnes of meat was produced in 2019, an equivalent of ~17% of the total EU production [1]. Approximately 83% of the meat comes from chicken broilers. Intensive poultry production raises concerns about gaseous emissions (mainly ammonia, NH 3 ) and its impact on workers, birds, and the environment. Additionally, odor nuisance can be a significant problem for nearby...
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1. Introduction In the poultry industry, enteric bacterial pathogens pose a threat to intestinal health and can contribute to the transmission of zoonotic diseases [1,2], increased mortality in poultry flocks, reduced feed efficiency, decreased rate of body weight gain and, therefore, increase in total production costs [3,4]. Salmonella infection and necrotic enteritis (NE) produced by Clostridium perfringens (CP) are two significant bacterial diseases in poultry [5,6]. Each...
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The laying cycle of a chicken flock usually covers a span of about 12 months. Egg production begins when the birds reach about 18-22 weeks of age, depending on the breed and season. Flock production rises sharply and reaches a peak of about 90%, 6-8 weeks later. Production then gradually declines to about 65% after 12 months of lay. A typical production curve for a laying flock, showing changes in the level of egg production and in egg weight, over time, is given in Figure 1. ...
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1. Introduction Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary metabolites of the Aspergillus species of fungi, which are generally contaminate tropical and subtropical food and feedstuffs [1]. However, due to climate change, their occurrence in temperate climates should be taken into account not only during storage but also on the field [2,3]. Climate change usually causes drought stress in fungi, and stress-responding pathways can stimulate the AF production of Aspergillus flavus...
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