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Vitamins in poultry nutrition
Vitamins are a group of organic compounds that poultry require in small quantities. Despite the low requirement levels, vitamins are essential for normal body functions, growth, and reproduction. A deficiency of one or more vitamins can lead to a number of diseases or syndromes. Vitamins are divided into two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble. The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, and K. Vitamin A is required for normal growth and development of epithelial tissue (skin and the linings of the digestive, reproductive, and respiratory tracts) and reproduction. Vitamin D3 is required for normal growth, bone development, and eggshell formation. Vitamin K is essential for blood clot formation. The water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B vitamins. The B vitamins include vitamin B12, biotin, folacin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamin. The B vitamins are involved in many metabolic functions, including energy metabolism. Poultry can make vitamin C, so there is no dietary requirement established for this vitamin. Vitamin C supplementation is useful when birds are in stress.
APIs MARKET Veterinary APIs Price Index (VPi): February 12th 66.33 February 19th 66.26 February 26th 66.28 The veterinary APIs market has shown a moderate recovery after the Chinese New Year holiday (January 28-February 05). Downstream restocking demand has been observed along with the restoration of in-land logistics capacity. Certain products, including Tylosin, Oxytetracycline, Neomycin Sulfate, and Tilmicosin, have witnessed...
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Introduction: Due to the constant genetic evolution in both the production of broilers, nutritionists must constantly adapt their nutritional recommendations and feeding programs to maximize economic results at all times. These management and nutrition decisions must take into account: the animal (potential for growth), environmental conditions and the composition of the feed, which affect feed consumption and, consequently, the performance of birds. And economic...
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1️ Oxidation Meaning and Classification Definition : Oxidation in feed or within the body involves the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion. This process is often accelerated by the presence of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly reactive molecules formed during normal metabolic activities. Types of Oxidation : In-Feed Oxidation : Occurs in stored feed ingredients and premixes where fats, vitamins, and...
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1. Introduction Respiratory diseases control is crucial in all types of poultry including laying hens. Respiratory infections in layers can considerably impair bird health and welfare, as well as performance and hence profitability of flocks [1]. Although in broilers respiratory diseases mostly affect the respiratory tract itself, in layers respiratory infections affect both the airways and the oviduct [2]. Therefore, respiratory disease can have a significant economic...
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The price index of veterinary APIs was 63.17-63.26-63.43-63.53 respectively for the four weeks of this month, from August 7th to 28th. It indicates that the overall veterinary drug raw material market was stable this month, with some varieties fluctuating and adjusting. In the first half of the month, most categories, such as doxycycline hydrochloride and neomycin sulfate, showed oscillating adjustments; categories, such as florfenicol, amoxicillin, and doxycycline hydrochloride,...
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1. Introduction The increase in food demand driven by population growth, coupled with the reduction in the supply of raw materials owing to factors such as climate change, poses a significant challenge for the agricultural and livestock sectors. Among the different processes associated with egg production, the feeding of hens represents the largest source of environmental impact [1]. Nonetheless, the revaluation of agrifood by-products through their incorporation into animal diets...
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The price index of veterinary APIs was 63.17-63.26-63.43-63.53 respectively for the four weeks of this month, from August 7th to 28th. It indicates that the overall veterinary drug raw material market was stable this month, with some varieties fluctuating and adjusting. In the first half of the month, most categories, such as doxycycline hydrochloride and neomycin sulfate, showed oscillating adjustments; categories, such as florfenicol, amoxicillin, and doxycycline hydrochloride,...
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INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown vitamin levels above minimum requirements may optimize genetic potential and improve immune status. Optimum Vitamin Nutrition (OVN TM ) is a new concept in animal nutrition that aims to better production and meat quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different vitamin levels (NRC and OVN TM ) in broiler diets on productive parameters...
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Introduction The main issues that burden the broiler industry today might be caused by genetic selection strategies, such as a rapid growth rate, a decreasing slaughter age and facilitating feed efficiency [1]. Indeed, achieving extreme growth potential is a serious biotic stress factor that is accompanied by health problems leading to systemic diseases [2,3]. The path mechanisms of most common infectious diseases, including pneumonia, sepsis and enteritis, are directly linked...
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The overall price of the veterinary APIs market remained stable and weak, with mixed rising and falling prices and the prices of a few products hitting new lows. The market adjustment is still ongoing. In early April, the prices of florfenicol and tylosin tartrate continued to decline, the market price of doxycycline hydrochloride showed a trend of rising first and then falling, and the average prices of albendazole and levamisole hydrochloride continued to rise MoM. In late April, except...
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Stress is a term which is very commonly used in today’s poultry and livestock rearing. Although the classical school of thought has always considered within the prism of “Heat Stress” which is true and holds its essence in today’s poultry and livestock rearing. However, with the advancement in the rearing of poultry and livestock, there has been lot of measures which have been taken to improve the productive parameters of birds. This has been possible primarily...
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