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Minerals in poultry nutrition
Minerals in poultry nutrition are typically classified as macro- or micro-minerals, depending on the levels needed in the diet. The macro-minerals include calcium, phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium, potassium, and sodium. Requirements for the macro-minerals are typically expressed as a percentage of the diet, while the requirements for the micro-minerals are stated as parts per million. Although the quantities required for micro-minerals are lower than for macro-minerals, they play an essential role in the body's metabolism. The micro-minerals include copper, iodine, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc.
It is well understood that the goal of broiler live production teams is to deliver a high-quality, target-weight broiler to the processing plant. Up to the initiation of processing, there are considerable resources; financial, management and time that are committed by the company to accomplish this goal. One of the most tragic situations to occur is the condemnation or downgrading of either whole carcasses or carcass parts in the processing plant. There are a wide variety of causes for this...
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INTRODUCTION Cereal grains such as wheat, sorghum, barley, and corn are commonly used in poultry diets as major sources of energy. Knowledge of the ME content of cereal grains is critical for their efficient and sustainable use and precise poultry feed formulation. Despite several limitations (Mateos et al., 2019; Wu et al., 2020), the AME is the globally accepted system for describing the available energy for poultry (Hill and Anderson, 1958; Sibbald, 1982). The simplicity,...
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Bird performs well within a certain range of environmental temperatures. As the temperature gets higher than the range, the bird falls on stress generally called heat stress. Heat stress is the most significant stressors influencing poultry productivity and causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. This induces several negative effects on physiological response of bird. Reducing feed consumption, body weight gain, feed efficiency, egg production and immune response are of...
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INTRODUCTION The global production of chicken eggs is constantly increasing, e.g., 37.4 million tons of chicken-eggs were produced in 1990, and 80 million tons in 2018. The WHO has estimated that production will have to increase four-fold to meet the global demand for chicken eggs in the next two decades (1, 2). Hence, the poultry industry must be increasingly efficient despite being one of the most efficient and technologically advanced animal production activities...
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INTRODUCTION Aiming at reducing production costs and the impacts of animal production waste on the environment, research has focused on improving the efficiency of feed utilization.One strategy to reduce the excretion of pollutant compounds is to increase the nutritional availability of feeds by the dietary supplementation of exogenous enzymes (Nahm, 2002). Phytase, for instance, allows reducing inorganic phosphorus supplementation and increasing phytic acid utilization by the...
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1. Introduction Often a seemingly straightforward aspect of nutrition reveals itself to be, upon closer inspection, not so simple after all. An illustration of such a conundrum is the nutrition of the newly hatched broiler chick. Conceptualizing the different challenges faced by the hatchling and solving them should be remarkably simple, but the difficulty lies in the complexity in the development of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), digestive physiology, immune system, and...
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Dr. Piotr Stanislawski shares his comments with Engormix members regarding the calculation of phosphorus and calcium, as well as other formulation issues....
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The modern broiler chick spends 50% of its life in an embryonic state. It is therefore important to ensure that adequate nutrients are available to the developing embryo, which is completely reliant on the diet fed to the breeder hen. Consequently, the physiological status of the chick at hatching is greatly influenced by the nutrition of the breeder hen. The nutrient supply to the broiler breeder is a sum of the actual nutrient content of the diet and the quantity or volume of feed...
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Copper is very useful for young animals’ gut health, particularly for the integrity of the small intestine. In this final Young Animal TechTalk, Matthew Bekker, Technical Services Manager for Novus Southeast Asia and Pacific, shares how copper in chelated form is highly valuable to chick’s and piglet’s epithelial cells and villous structure....
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by Sam Shafer
Yangzhou University scientists examine meat quality from every angle
Duck meat is prized for its delicate flavor and juicy texture, as well as its notable protein content, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. In fact, duck meat is rising in popularity, especially in China.
The challenge is to get ducks to market quickly without compromising meat quality. In China, which produces 85...
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FIGAP 2026: The Scientific And Technological Exhibition Of The Livestock Industry
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Phytate is a polyanionic molecule with the capacity to chelate Ca, forming mineral-phytate complexes. The presence of these complexes decreases the efficacy of phytase. Ca-phytate formation is dictated by molar ratios of the constituents, gastrointestinal pH and the concentration of dietary Ca relative to P (Sommerfeld et al., 2018). The hypothesis of this study was that a high dietary Ca to P ratio will reduce the ability of phytase to hydrolyze phytate, which will exacerbate necrotic...
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By Paul Hollis
While poultry manure has served as a convenient and inexpensive fertilizer source for many Alabama farmers, little is known about where those nutrients and minerals go once they pass through the soil.
Of special interest to a group of Auburn researchers is the...
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Broiler trial in the Netherlands confirms 2018 EFSA scientific opinion on methionine sources while validating the experimental approach
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Greg Mathis (Southern Poultry Research) discussed the benefits of zinc oxide and zinc sulfate on gut health and broiler performance, during IPPE 2018 in Atlanta, USA....
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A healthy chicken gut is essential for optimum digestibility, maximum nutrient absorption, immunity development and disease resistance. Disruption of gut integrity and imbalance of gut microbiota may have negative effects on feed conversion, productivity, and health of chicken. For the last few decades in poultry production, antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have been widely used in poultry diets to promote growth, improve feed efficiency and control dysbacteriosis and enteric...
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New nutritional solution in heat stress management. <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>: An ally to fight heat stress
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INTRODUCTION Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the family Cannabinaceae 1 , traditionally grown for fiber and seed production. Whole hemp seed contains approximately 25% crude protein, 33-35% oil and 34% carbohydrate, in addition to a broad range of vitamins and minerals 2-4 . Hemp seed oil contains 75 to 80% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including 60% linoleic acid and 17-19% α-linolenic acid...
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Salam (Hi) Everyone: I want to discus about adding MgO to the Broiler feed mainly in the Broiler premixes. Do you think is it important and if yes so what are the benefits?...
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INTRODUCTION Vitamin D is a group of closely related compounds that have antirachitic activity. It has been estimated that nearly 50% of the United States population is at risk for vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency (Holick et al., 2011). Vitamin D 3 (D 3 ) deficiency can cause rickets in young children or increase the risk of osteoporosis and osteomalacia in adults (Holick, 2005). One approach to increase D 3 intake in a population without...
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Choline- chemically known as 2-hydroxyethyl-trimethyl ammonium hydroxide andis referred as vitamin B4. It has recently been claimed as a rediscovered vitamin & performance promoter in poultry. The role of choline in the prevention of conditions suchas perosis and liver enlargement in chicks is already well known. Choline wasfirst isolated from ox bile ("chole" in Greek) in 1849. Its nutritional importancehas been recognized since 1930 and it is now a common dietary supplement forlivestock &...
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INTRODUCTION In poultry, phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient in metabolic processes and a component of nucleic acids, membrane phospholipids, and bones (Nie et al., 2013). Much effort has been made to increase P absorption in poultry to improve metabolic performance and reduce the environmental impact of phosphate (Pi) release from manure (Ahmadi and Rodehutscord, 2012; Letourneau-Montminy et al., 2013). Dietary P is absorbed in the small intestine by both passive and...
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Introduction Modern layer hybrids are a four-line-cross with a long breeding history and show a very high production potential in different housing systems all around the world. This proofs for white egg producing lines and for brown egg producing hens as well. Due to ongoing genetic work the egg industry and farmers realise steadily increasing persistency and longer liability under all housing conditions. The higher performance has been achieved by an increased efficiency too,...
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