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1. Introduction One of the main goals of free-range egg production is to optimise laying performance and egg quality while supporting hen health and welfare. However, opportunities provided in the free-range system allow for the expression of a variety of behaviours, interactions and physical experiences (e.g., being exposed to uncontrolled environmental conditions) which may impact hen health, welfare, and survival [1–3]. For example, free-range flocks are frequently...
INTRODUCTION Broiler hatching eggs can be stored at temperatures lower than ambient temperature before incubation, which is a common practice in commercial breeding farms and hatcheries. As per the variable market demand for 1-day-old parent stock chicks and the hatchery capacity, the duration of egg storage varies. Normally, commercial hatcheries set their eggs after 3 to 5 d of storage to minimize the negative effects of...
INTRODUCTION The largest costs in poultry meat and egg production are for feed. Feed cost minimization is dependent on determining the proper blend of ingredients to provide the desired nutrient levels. The desired nutrient levels should be those that result in the greatest differences in returns from meat and eggs sold and feed costs. Ler-man and Bie (1975) demonstrated the importance of knowing the variation in ingredients and variation in expected responses from different...
Introduction Animal-source feedstuffs are generally superior to plant-source ones for the growth and health of livestock, poultry, and fish (Wu 2018). This is due, in part, to the greater quantity of proteinogenic amino acids (AAs) and higher quality (the ratios and digestibilities of AAs) of the former than the latter. Traditionally, extensive research has focused on AAs that are not synthesized by animal cells and are known as nutritionally essential AAs (EAAs), including...
METHPLUS® is a nutraceutical product that acts in feeds as adjuvant to synthetic methionine (from Latin, adiuvare: to aid). Thanks to its ingredients based on plant extracts, seaweed and legume, helps to enhance remethylating path of the methionine cycle. METHPLUS® was developed thanks to European funds, over a period of 3 years, and its effectiveness has been demonstrated in the field in numerous countries with different diets, different climatic factors and management,...
Animal Welfare is Key to the Sustainability of the Poultry Industry Animal welfare is in the eye of the beholder. Some consumers are willing to pay more for products from companies with reputations that align with their beliefs. The concept of animal welfare is...
INTRODUCTION In current poultry production, physical separation between the hatchery and farms can cause newborn chickens to spend a variable period of time without food, and usually between 36 to 48 hrs. pass after birth before birds have access to feed, reducing the weight of the birds during this time (1). Delayed feed consumption can reduce the rate of growth and cause weight loss (2). By contrast, immediate access to food and water after hatching may promote...
1. Introduction The male breeding broiler is the bird used to produce a fertile egg from which the future broiler will be fattened to obtain meat. The importance of the rooster lies in the dissemination of genetic progress to obtain, in its progeny, large muscle masses because during its reproductive stage it is responsible for the fertilization of 1000 to 2000 eggs [1]. Currently, due to the genetic improvements that have been carried out to obtain birds with large muscle...
INTRODUCTION Commercial broilers are exposed to several stressors before slaughter, including feed deprivation, crafting density, and transportation (Delezie, Swennen, Buyse, & Decuypere, 2007). Feed consumed by broilers is only of economic value if it is converted to saleable pounds of meat (Smidt, Formica, & Fritz, 1964). Since the early days of commercial poultry production, preparing broilers for processing included a time of feed withdrawal from the birds so...
I. INTRODUCTION The global supply of poultry products will need to double by 2050 if we are to meet the aspiration of all people to be food secure. We will need to produce more poultry meat in the face of changing consumer perceptions and constrained resources. Consumers expect this to be achieved in a sustainable manner. The industry has the skills to achieve this. Genotypes continue to improve; production methods and business models are evolving; and we have enhanced our...
Despite successful Salmonella control measures implemented in food-animal production, salmonellosis remains one of the most frequently occurring food-borne zoonoses worldwide, with poultry and poultry products as the main transmission vector. In general, about...
What if we could seamlessly manage all our data and share information with trusted partners? Could the connectivity and collaboration across our value chain help each one of us? Our industry is evolving toward a more efficient, sustainable and innovative future. Let’s take a walk down the future lane. Hear what Kshitij "Tij" Gupta, Head of Platform & Business Development at Evonik, has to say about this...
Live ts mycoplasma vaccines were created to be safe but still immunogenic. So how can we assess this immunogenicity in the field? This bulletin condenses the experience of 20 years trying to monitor vaccine response and differentiate problems from normal responses. Various approaches have been taken to improve serological monitoring (for example, cloned homologous antigens) and understand problems but the conclusion is that humoral antibody is not the mechanism of protection of these...
INTRODUCTION Inactivated vaccines are commonly used in poultry as part of a comprehensive vaccination protocol. These vaccines are capable of inducing high antibody titers, which can protect against systemic infections and are transferred from breeder hens to their progeny as maternal antibodies. In order to increase the immunogenicity, these vaccines contain adjuvants. The most common adjuvants in poultry vaccines are aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) and...
1. Introduction Salmonella spp. is Gram-negative intracellular enteric bacterium of public health concern. It is responsible for over 90,000 cases of zoonotic food-borne infections per year in the European Union (EU), according to the last European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) report [1]. In recent years, different serovars were considered responsible for disease outbreaks, and Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis were the most prevalent in the European Union...