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Overview Renewed interest, especially in the United States, has sparked in assessing branched-chain amino acid interactions in practical diets for broilers. Indeed, as L-valine enters formulation bird nitrogen excesses are reduced as diet protein falls to the new first limiting amino acid (e.g., isoleucine, arginine, or tryptophan). For a United States based example, the result is less oilseeds and more gains, which typically result in increased inclusions in corn or corn...
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Introduction The poultry industry has dominated the dynamic livestock sector in Latin America during the last decades, doubling production in the last 20 years (Williams and Anderson, 2019). In the future, poultry production in the region is expected to grow at almost twice the annual global rate: 2.5% and 4.0%, respectively. The rapid expansion of the industry has been fueled by the growing consumer demand for chicken meat and eggs, given its price competitiveness and culinary...
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Overview Corn is the most common feed ingredient used in poultry nutrition. Maize contributes with up to 65% of the metabolizable energy and 20% of crude protein in poultry diets (Gehring et al., 2013; Dei, 2017). Its average nutritional value is well-known, but it is accepted that the variability in its composition and energy value is a very common issue with great impact on poultry performance and health (Cowieson, 2005; Gehring et al., 2013; Latham et al., 2016;...
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INTRODUCTION Large variations exist in the literature on the recommended Ca and P dietary requirement for laying hens 1 . The Ca requirement was reduced from a previous suggested intake of 3.75 2 to 3.25 g h −1 day −1 by NRC 3 after decades of consistently increasing the Ca intake requirement. The available P or non-phytate P (NPP) requirement for commercial layers was also reduced to 250 mg h −1 ...
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INTRODUCTION Globally, corn becomes a major ingredient for animal feed either as whole grain or by-product from corn milling industries. There is several corn co-products derived from wet or dry corn milling industries (Tangendjaja & Wina, 2007) and at least 2 co-products commercially available in Indonesia for poultry feed, namely corn gluten meal (CGM) and dried distillers grains and soluble (DDGS). CGM is a co-product obtained during wet milling process to produce maize...
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Introduction Coccidiosis caused by the apicomplexan protozoan of genus Eimeria (E) is a common and costly diseases associated with poultry production across the world. 1,2 There are several species of chicken coccidia, i.e., E. maxima, E. mitis, E. necatrix, E. praecox E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. hagani, E. mivati and E. brunetti. Among the listed species, E. maxima, E. tenella, and E. acervulina are the most common species. 3-5 The spread of the disease is...
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Effective Solutions for Preventing and Treating CRD in Poultry with Natural and Conventional Approaches
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Carbohydrate (CHO) is the main energy source in the chicken diet for body maintenance and production. Ingested diet is digested and absorbed in the small intestine. The small intestine structure performs an important role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients [15], and nutritional manipulation can alter this function [26]. Several studies have reported that different dietary CHO sources such as fructo-oligosaccharide [19] and mannan-oligosaccharide [8], induce higher villus height and...
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Introduction An increasing global population and food security needs have imposed a great pressure on poultry and livestock sectors to increase their production utilizing limited resources (1).Consequently, sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics are being used widely in poultry as animal growth promoters and for prophylaxis (2). This is particularly true in low and middle income countries where poultry industries are playing an important role in their national economy...
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Phytogenics are here to stay: Natural, Sustainable and Effective
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1. Introduction Methionine (MET), a sulfur containing amino acid, is considered an essential amino acid in poultry because poultry cannot naturally synthesize sufficient amounts to sustain normal body functions [1]. MET is required for buildup of the immune system and improvement of live performance, i.e., feed efficiency, muscle development and better yield [2]. Supplemental MET in broiler diets have been shown to improve body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), feed conversion...
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1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a worldwide disease caused by the Apicomplexa protozoa of Genus Eimeria [1]. This parasitic disease causes economic losses in poultry industry due to malabsorption, reduced weight gain (explained by a reduced feed intake and as well as nutrient absorption), increased mortality and the use of anticoccidial drugs and vaccines [2, 3] and remains as a major issue for poultry producers in a large number of countries including USA [4], costing for the...
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Introduction An essential component of the overall health and well-being of the broiler chicken is ensuring that mineral nutrition, in all its facets, is adequate. As growth rates increase and production systems intensify, mineral nutrition will become more critical. Most minerals in the bird occur in the skeleton, so skeletal integrity is perhaps the critical issue. However, minerals play a role in all aspects of metabolism, both as cofactors of enzymes and controlling free...
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Economical Impact Nowadays, coccidiosis is still considered one of the infectious diseases with the greatest economic impact in the poultry industry, both for the productive losses it causes and for the high costs associated with its prevention and treatment (which are estimated...
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Martina Kluenemann, Research Manager for Nutrition Immunology and Physiology at Evonik Animal Nutrition, speaks about the mode of action of creatine as a constituent of energy metabolism and the benefits of GuanAMINO® supplementation in animals...
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