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INTRODUCTION Large variations exist in the literature on the recommended Ca and P dietary requirement for laying hens 1 . The Ca requirement was reduced from a previous suggested intake of 3.75 2 to 3.25 g h −1 day −1 by NRC 3 after decades of consistently increasing the Ca intake requirement. The available P or non-phytate P (NPP) requirement for commercial layers was also reduced to 250 mg h −1 ...
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INTRODUCTION Globally, corn becomes a major ingredient for animal feed either as whole grain or by-product from corn milling industries. There is several corn co-products derived from wet or dry corn milling industries (Tangendjaja & Wina, 2007) and at least 2 co-products commercially available in Indonesia for poultry feed, namely corn gluten meal (CGM) and dried distillers grains and soluble (DDGS). CGM is a co-product obtained during wet milling process to produce maize...
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Introduction Coccidiosis caused by the apicomplexan protozoan of genus Eimeria (E) is a common and costly diseases associated with poultry production across the world. 1,2 There are several species of chicken coccidia, i.e., E. maxima, E. mitis, E. necatrix, E. praecox E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. hagani, E. mivati and E. brunetti. Among the listed species, E. maxima, E. tenella, and E. acervulina are the most common species. 3-5 The spread of the disease is...
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Carbohydrate (CHO) is the main energy source in the chicken diet for body maintenance and production. Ingested diet is digested and absorbed in the small intestine. The small intestine structure performs an important role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients [15], and nutritional manipulation can alter this function [26]. Several studies have reported that different dietary CHO sources such as fructo-oligosaccharide [19] and mannan-oligosaccharide [8], induce higher villus height and...
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Introduction An increasing global population and food security needs have imposed a great pressure on poultry and livestock sectors to increase their production utilizing limited resources (1).Consequently, sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics are being used widely in poultry as animal growth promoters and for prophylaxis (2). This is particularly true in low and middle income countries where poultry industries are playing an important role in their national economy...
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1. Introduction Methionine (MET), a sulfur containing amino acid, is considered an essential amino acid in poultry because poultry cannot naturally synthesize sufficient amounts to sustain normal body functions [1]. MET is required for buildup of the immune system and improvement of live performance, i.e., feed efficiency, muscle development and better yield [2]. Supplemental MET in broiler diets have been shown to improve body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), feed conversion...
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1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a worldwide disease caused by the Apicomplexa protozoa of Genus Eimeria [1]. This parasitic disease causes economic losses in poultry industry due to malabsorption, reduced weight gain (explained by a reduced feed intake and as well as nutrient absorption), increased mortality and the use of anticoccidial drugs and vaccines [2, 3] and remains as a major issue for poultry producers in a large number of countries including USA [4], costing for the...
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Introduction An essential component of the overall health and well-being of the broiler chicken is ensuring that mineral nutrition, in all its facets, is adequate. As growth rates increase and production systems intensify, mineral nutrition will become more critical. Most minerals in the bird occur in the skeleton, so skeletal integrity is perhaps the critical issue. However, minerals play a role in all aspects of metabolism, both as cofactors of enzymes and controlling free...
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Economical Impact Nowadays, coccidiosis is still considered one of the infectious diseases with the greatest economic impact in the poultry industry, both for the productive losses it causes and for the high costs associated with its prevention and treatment (which are estimated...
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Martina Kluenemann, Research Manager for Nutrition Immunology and Physiology at Evonik Animal Nutrition, speaks about the mode of action of creatine as a constituent of energy metabolism and the benefits of GuanAMINO® supplementation in animals...
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Speculation over the Provisional Ruling on Anti-dumping Duties of Lysine by the EU Against China
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Jonathan Cade comments on his new role as Chairman of the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association
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XylaOpt™ is an intrinsically thermostable xylanase enzyme with optimal pH activity profile that targets the arabinoxylan fraction in dietary fibre, resulting in improved digestibility & increased performance....
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In many regions, animal production under hot conditions is a major challenge and is expected to become more common in the future. During heat stress, several strategies are used to dissipate excess heat. When high temperatures, water consumption increases, and feed intake decreases (thus reducing nutrient absorption).In order to dissipate heat, livestock will increase the heart and breathing rate. Metabolism is severely affected and usually leads to oxidative stress. Poultry is a...
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