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Poultry gut health
The efficient conversion of feed into its basic components for optimal nutrient absorption is vital for both broiler and broiler breeder production and welfare. Gut health, an intricate and complex area combining nutrition, microbiology, immunology and physiology, has a key role to play. When gut health is compromised, digestion and nutrient absorption are affected which, in turn, can have a detrimental effect on feed conversion leading to economic loss and a greater susceptibility to disease. In addition, recent changes in legislation on the use of antimicrobials, differing feed requirements and more efficient birds highlight the need for a better understanding of gut function and gut health.
INTRODUCTION Since the use of antibiotic growth promoters was banned by the EU on January 1st, 2006, several feed additives have been studied as alternatives to antibiotics, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and herbal medicines (1). Among these feed additives, prebiotics have been studied and supplemented broadly into broiler diets in recent years. Gibson and Roberfroid (2) defined a prebiotic compound as a non-digestible food ingredient utilized by intestinal microbiota....
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1 Introduction Amino acids are organic compounds containing both amino (—NH 2 ) and carboxyl (—COOH) groups. Due to the presence of asymmetric carbon, all amino acids except glycine exhibit optical activity and exist as D- and L-isoforms or enantiomers (Lehninger et al., 2005). The asymmetric α-carbon imparts chirality, a phenomenon where the molecule is not superimposable to its mirror images in space. Due to this, amino acids except glycine exist in...
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May 14, 2024
Canada - Manitoba - Winnipeg
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Evan Chaney (Cargill) speaks on colibacillosis, as well as the benefits of a postbiotic developed as a solution, in this interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Additives are part of the strategies for adding value to food, and their interest, in the current context of raw material prices, is even more evident. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to simplify their action to stick to the primary logic of their nature and easily generate an economic advantage. In doing so, we are likely to limit ourselves by failing to fully consider the scope of their work. In the case of the increasingly popular proteases, this involves a "simple" recovery of the...
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Did you know the wonderful properties of thyme? 1. Powerful Antioxidant: Thyme is a natural source of antioxidants, such as flavonoids, promoting cellular resistance, and strengthening the immune system in animals 2. Microbiome Properties: Its ability to control pathogenic...
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Summary Broiler production is an essential part of global poultry industry, and broiler meat is an important source of protein for human consumption. Spirulina platensis a blue-green alga and a multicellular prokaryote known for having many benefits as it contains a variety of nutrient that makes it excellent addition to broiler feed. The high protein, mineral and vitamin content in Spirulina p. help improve growth performance, meat quality, immune function, antioxidant status...
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1. Introduction In animal husbandry, antibiotics are principally used to prevent, control, and treat diseases. However, they have also been extensively used as growth promoters [1,2]; this practice has been banned in Europe and the U.S. [3,4] but is still widespread in other regions, especially in rural areas, where farmers tend to depend more on antibiotics. Various countries lack legislative measurements to control antibiotic use. Moreover, farmers are not appropriately...
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1. Introduction Campylobacter jejuni has been considered one of the leading causes of human gastrointestinal diseases worldwide, with outbreaks registered both in industrialized and developing countries [1]. Campylobacter spp. colonizes the avian gut in high concentrations with few or no clinical symptoms. Hence, it has been traditionally considered commensal, although a revision of this bacteria–host interaction has been recently proposed [2]. Upon interaction with avian...
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Insect farming is water-efficient and reduces food waste while producing quality protein, making it a potential solution to food sustainability and food security issues. Black soldier fly larvae, as an excellent source of protein, calcium, and a bacteria-fermentable polysaccharide called chitin, is a promising poultry feed ingredient. A 20-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFM) on the gut microbiota and SCFA...
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PhD Maria Tereza Terra-Long (North America Technical Services Manager - Poultry, Phileo by Lesaffre), points out the potential Potential rise of yeast probiotics in chicken farming...
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I. INTRODUCTION Calcium (Ca) is a dietary essential mineral for poultry and the requirements for poultry have been investigated extensively for more than 75 years (Driver et al., 2005). Calcium is the most prevalent mineral in the body and is important for many physiological processes such as enzyme activation, intracellular signalling, acid base balance, eggshell formation and bone mineralisation (Li et al., 2017). Almost 99% of Ca is stored in the skeleton as hydroxyapatite...
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Trace minerals are often supplied in the forms of inorganic salts such as sulphates into poultry feed to meet the requirements. The ionic bonds in inorganic salts of minerals are very weak allowing the metal ion to disassociate once in contact with water, binding up diet antagonists such as other minerals, vitamins, and enzymes. To mitigate these negative effects technologies such as organic minerals or mineral complexes, which are less reactive, are used. In hydroxychloride minerals (Hyd)...
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Canada’s broiler chicken industry has taken great steps to reduce the use of antibiotics in production. Chicken Farmers of Canada successfully implemented a plan to remove both Category I and II antibiotics for preventive use from broiler feeds. There may be benefits from similar products for birds raised for egg production. Our research team has been involved in the evaluation of feed ingredients of marine origin. Seaweeds available off the Atlantic Coast of Canada were incorporated...
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PhD Maria Tereza Terra-Long (North America Technical Services Manager - Poultry, Phileo by Lesaffre) points out how yeast probiotics help the chickens grow bigger and perform better and also support poultry microbiota...
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Histomonas meleagridis and Escherichia coli exhibit an outstanding interplay in vitro and are well recognized pathogens in poultry causing histomonosis and colibacillosis, respectively. H. meleagridis and E. coli reside in the intestine of birds, thus, to understand their interaction in vivo, gut microbial changes and caecal wall penetration of E. coli were investigated separately in experimentally infected chickens and turkeys (Abdelhamid et al., 2020, 2021). In the first trial, commercial...
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I. INTRODUCTION Necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens is an economically important disease which can be controlled by antibiotics (Timbermont, et al., 2011). The occurrence of necrotic lesions in the small intestine is associated with proliferation of Clostridium perfringens, which leads to lower growth rate in subclinically infected chickens. Increasing concerns regarding antibiotic resistance and the presence of drug residues in animal products have led many countries to ban...
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The formation of a viscous gut content in the small intestine due to the presence of non-starch polysaccharides in feed can markedly restrict efficient nutrient digestion in poultry. This adverse effect may be mediated through the supplementation of exogenous feed additives. The present study investigated the effects of carbohydrases and a buffered formic acid on growth performance and ileal digesta viscosity in broiler chickens fed a wheat- or maize diet. A 2 × 4 factorial arrangement...
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Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are xylose-based oligomers, which have been described to affect the gut microflora, and gut function in chickens (Zhou et al., 2021). This, in turn, may have an impact on intestinal epithelial cell turnover, which accounts for a significant part of the energy of maintenance required by the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary XOS on gut function and epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens. It was hypothesized...
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I. INTRODUCTION Maintenance of intestinal integrity is of fundamental importance to the overall health and growth performance of the bird. Disturbances in the homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract can result in inflammatory process, loss of intestinal integrity, low nutrient digestibility and poor growth performance. In a situation of intestinal inflammation, pro-inflammatory interleukins such as interleukin-12 are produced with the objective to defending the host from any...
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Feed additives have a promising impact on broiler production in improving performance and reducing the incidence of diseases in the post-antibiotic era (Ayalew et al. 2022). However, there are limited data that illustrate the effect of feed additives on broiler performance under necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of an enzyme (xylanase, 3000 U/kg) and a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, 2.2 × 108 CFU/g) on growth performance and...
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