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Bacterial diseases in poultry
Bacterial diseases comprise approximately half of the non–outbreak-related mortality in broiler breeders and commercial layers. During the first week of a broiler's life, approximately 50% of the mortality may be caused due to bacterial infections. Outbreaks due to bacterial infections may increase the mortality dramatically and in some cases almost eradicate flocks. E. coli and Gram-positive cocci infections are responsible for mortality and production losses in poultry of all age groups and all production systems and may be regarded as multifactorial. Subsequently, efforts in understanding and controlling these infections are highly important. Although necrotic enteritis is primarily a disease affecting young chickens, this infection is of major significance in any production system. Besides increased mortality, the production losses observed in subclinical infections may be dramatic.
Part I: Are you doing enough to control Salmonella?
Salmonella ranks among the world´s biggest threats to health. In the United States alone, it is thought to be responsible for around 378 deaths and an estimated 19,336 hospitalisations each year. And these are just the reported cases. If you´ve ever had to take a few days off work with a nasty case of "food poisoning", but not bothered...
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INTRODUCTION Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an acute Clostridium infection, which is characterized by severe necrosis of the intestinal mucosa (Parish, 1961). NE has recently become a significant problem for the poultry industry because of restrictions on antibiotic usage and high-density production conditions (Williams, 2005). In the United States, NE has caused enormous economic losses in the poultry industry (accounting for > $2 billion/year), largely due to the impaired...
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1. Drinking Water as a Vehicle of Diseases Water is essential to life. An adequate, safe and accessible supply must be available to all. Improving access to safe drinking-water can result in significant benefits to health. Every effort should be made to achieve a drinking water quality as safe as possible [1]. Many people struggle to obtain access to safe water. A clean and treated water supply to each house may be the norm in Europe and North America, but in developing...
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Dear Experts, I have a layer farm of around 4000 birds. Currently, we are facing severe problem of Typhoid in birds. We have tried following medicines with consultation of Doctors, 1. Neflox 2. KEPRO NCO From above medicines, we didnt find any fruitful results only little decrement of mortality from this treatment ....What should we do? Looking forward to your valuable comments... ...
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To study the impact of dietary protein on ileal Clostridium perfringens and the intestinal barrier two diets were used, one with 22% crude protein (CP; basal diet) and 1.21% digestible lysine, and a second diet with 30% CP and 1.38% digestible lysine (High protein diet; HP). Each diet was tested with or without 0.05% of a Bacillus licheniformis and its derived protease (CIBENZA® EP150 : B+P) resulting in 4 groups in a 2x2 arrangement (9 replicates/8 birds each one for 28 days)....
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Tom Tabler (Mississippi State University) explained how this disease is detected and gave crucial management advice when dealing with it on the farm, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA. ...
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Leandro Redondo (INTA) discussed the pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens and the concepts that could help design effective strategies to control it, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Allen Byrd (USDA) talked about the interaction between epithelial cells, the gut microbiome and the immune system, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Maarten De Gussem (Vetworks) talked about additives and tools to control this disease in poultry, as well as the interaction between the immune system and the microbiota, during the Latin American Poultry Congress in Lima, Peru....
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Introduction
Respiratory infections particularly those in which bacterial pathogens are involved (Glisson, 1998), are some of the most serious diseases of poultry (van Empel and Hafez, 1999). Increased mortality, increased costs of medication, increased condemnation rates, drops in egg production, reduction in shell quality, and decreased hatchability directly associated with these respiratory infections in poultry cause heavy economic losses (van Empel and Hafez,...
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INTRODUCTION The simplest approach to decrease dependence on routine antibiotic regimes in animal production is to implement alternative methods to control the bacterial challenges that the antibiotics are modulating (and not look at antibiotics as non-specific production enhancers). The chronic nature of mycoplasma infections and vertical transmission in poultry are the reasons for the strategy of mycoplasma freedom but this is often very difficult to implement at the final...
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Several broiler producing countries have banned the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) related to the risk of cross-resistance development in human pathogens. Removal of AGPs from animal diets involves tremendous pressure on poultry farmers. One of the main consequences is a substantial increase in the incidences of infectious diseases, with an associated rise in antibiotic use for therapy and economic costs. Therefore, alternatives to AGPs are urgently needed. The challenge is...
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Jordon Gruber (DuPont) talked about exposure to bacteria and the different factors involved, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Greg Mathis (Southern Poultry Research) recommended judicious use of products instead of cutting costs in feed formulation, during IPPE 2019 in Atlanta, USA....
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INTRODUCTION
Fowl cholera is a cosmopolitan disease that affects all kinds of birds but often occurs in chickens and turkeys reared under intensive farming conditions (7). In Argentina, fowl cholera outbreaks are important in broiler breeders. The disease takes place as an acute fatal disease or most commonly, as a chronic infection. Vaccination should be considered in areas where fowl cholera is prevalent using either available bacterins and/or live vaccines, but...
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Background Clostridium perfringens is a bacterial pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from gas gangrene and food poisoning in humans to necrotic enteritis in chickens [1]. Aside from host factors, the type and severity of disease is dependent on the production of a set of toxins and extracellular enzymes [1]. Most C. perfringens toxins are not produced by all strains; their structural genes are present as a part of the accessory genome encoded on large...
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Dianna Bourassa (Auburn University) explained the results obtained in this research using three different levels of peroxyacetic acid to minimize carcass contamination, during IPPE 2019 in Atlanta, USA....
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