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Bacterial diseases in poultry
Bacterial diseases comprise approximately half of the non–outbreak-related mortality in broiler breeders and commercial layers. During the first week of a broiler's life, approximately 50% of the mortality may be caused due to bacterial infections. Outbreaks due to bacterial infections may increase the mortality dramatically and in some cases almost eradicate flocks. E. coli and Gram-positive cocci infections are responsible for mortality and production losses in poultry of all age groups and all production systems and may be regarded as multifactorial. Subsequently, efforts in understanding and controlling these infections are highly important. Although necrotic enteritis is primarily a disease affecting young chickens, this infection is of major significance in any production system. Besides increased mortality, the production losses observed in subclinical infections may be dramatic.
Background Infectious synovitis was first described and associated with mycoplasma infection in the USA during the early 1950’s [1] and the causative organism was designated later as Mycoplasma synoviae [2]. It is a cosmopolitan microorganism in poultry production. The clinical signs of MS infection can be different according to its tropism and poultry categories. M. synoviae infection most frequently occurs as a subclinical upper respiratory infection, but more severe...
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Innovative Directions in Aflatoxin Testing Point to Measureable Gains in Quality Of Lab Data
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me if I vaccinated a flock with ts-11at 10 week old if at 26 week -old found the mean titer of Mycoplasma gallisepticum 1454 is that a titer of the vaccine or field challenge . When does the antibody titer following vaccination at 10 week -old with ts-11 wane to negative titer t ...
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Gangrenous dermatitis (GD) is a serious bacterial disease affecting poultry. It generally is fatal, often within 24 hours. It sometimes seems to appear almost out of nowhere because suddenly you will have healthy birds and dead birds, but not many birds in between. While GD has been reported in commercial layers, turkeys, and broiler breeders, it usually occurs in fast-growing broilers between 4 and 8 weeks of age .
In recent years, there has been an increase of...
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Hello, guys am happy to say hi to you all. The problem I am facing in my cage for my poultry is fowl pox and coryza. What to do? ...
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How to manage the problem successfully? ...
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Effects of DON and antidote on pro-inflammatory mRNA expression of broiler
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Introduction Avian respiratory tract infections are associated with massive economic losses particularly under poor intensive rearing conditions in winter sea-sons. Several pathogens, adverse environmental conditions and poor managemental factors are involved [1–3]. Pathogens include avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), avian pneumovirus (APV), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC)....
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Lack of adequate controls or decontamination procedures render many breeding chicken flocks susceptible to avian salmonellosis, either from contaminated environments or between birds and their young within the flock. Salmonella Pullorum...
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Introduction. Salmonella Gallinarum with the biotypes Gallinarum and Pullorum causes two septicaemic diseases in poultry: Fowl Typhoid and Pullorum Disease. The former Salmonella Pullorum serovar is not recognised anymore as such. Both biotypes are differentiated by a few biochemical and molecular tests. This bacterium is highly adapted to produce a septicaemic disease in birds. In general all other animals’ species...
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I would be grateful if somebody can explain why mycoplasma maternal antibody titre is always negative in day-old chick from vaccinated parent breeder when tested by Elisa? Why do day-old chicks tested for mycoplasma maternal antibody at 3 week old with Elisa and why does that happen with mycoplasma and not another respiratory disease? ...
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INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major threat for public health worldwide (WHO, 2014). One of the main factors contributing to the emergence of resistant bacteria has been the massive use of antimicrobials for growth promotion and disease prevention for several years in animal production (Guo et al., 2018; Mehdi et al., 2018). However, although nowadays the use of antibiotics in poultry is a controlled practice (ESVAC, 2017), different studies...
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1. Introduction Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that typically inhabits the intestine of vertebrates and is considered a usual member of the digestive flora in animals. However, under favorable circumstances, it may acquire genes associated with pathogenicity/virulence and cause clinical disease in most domestic farmed species. Colibacillosis is a systemic fatal disease, which occurs when an E. coli strain escapes digestive barriers and invades the internal organs....
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Quebracho and Chesnut Polyphenols show strong bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities against Clostridium perfringens, said Dr. Mariano Fernandez-Miyakawa, R&D in Poultry Health, INTA-CONICET, during the 2019 Multi-State Poultry Feeding and Nutrition Conference and Silvateam’s Technical Symposium....
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Caseous exudate fill the air sacs in one day old chicks. Mainly due to mycoplasma due to vertical transmission. ...
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Poultry production programmes require elimination or reduction of the use of in-feed antibiotics growth promoters (AGP). This has led to an increase in the occurrence of necrotic enteritis, making it an economically significant poultry disease requiring an alternative nutritional interventions. Probiotics offer one alternative to AGP because they can elicit specific actions that promotes the development and maintenance of a stable gut microbiome, leading to a reduction in enteric disease and...
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Innovative Directions in Aflatoxin Testing Point to Measureable Gains in Quality Of Lab Data
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1. INTRODUCTION Necrotic enteritis is an emerging worldwide disease of poultry. It is characterized by sever diarrhea, necrotic inflammation of the intestinal tract and necrotic foci in liver, kidney and cecum (Kohler, 2000). The disease resulting in severe economic losses that exceed 2 billion US dollar / year due to bird losses, treatment costs and cost of disease preventive measures (Lovland and Kaldhusdal, 2001). Necrotic enteritis has two clinical forms in chickens; the...
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Introduction Virulent bacteria are incriminated in huge economic casualties in the duck industry globally. Bacterial diseases cause higher mortality rates in ducks more than viral diseases. The mortality rates and bacterial diseases have been expanded worldwide [1-2]. Multiple of bacterial pathogens including P . multocida , Escherichia coli, Staphylococci , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella had become the major threats of duck...
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