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Bacterial diseases in poultry
Bacterial diseases comprise approximately half of the non–outbreak-related mortality in broiler breeders and commercial layers. During the first week of a broiler's life, approximately 50% of the mortality may be caused due to bacterial infections. Outbreaks due to bacterial infections may increase the mortality dramatically and in some cases almost eradicate flocks. E. coli and Gram-positive cocci infections are responsible for mortality and production losses in poultry of all age groups and all production systems and may be regarded as multifactorial. Subsequently, efforts in understanding and controlling these infections are highly important. Although necrotic enteritis is primarily a disease affecting young chickens, this infection is of major significance in any production system. Besides increased mortality, the production losses observed in subclinical infections may be dramatic.
INTRODUCTION The simplest approach to decrease dependence on routine antibiotic regimes in animal production is to implement alternative methods to control the bacterial challenges that the antibiotics are modulating (and not look at antibiotics as non-specific production enhancers). The chronic nature of mycoplasma infections and vertical transmission in poultry are the reasons for the strategy of mycoplasma freedom but this is often very difficult to implement at the final...
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Several broiler producing countries have banned the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) related to the risk of cross-resistance development in human pathogens. Removal of AGPs from animal diets involves tremendous pressure on poultry farmers. One of the main consequences is a substantial increase in the incidences of infectious diseases, with an associated rise in antibiotic use for therapy and economic costs. Therefore, alternatives to AGPs are urgently needed. The challenge is...
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Jordon Gruber (DuPont) talked about exposure to bacteria and the different factors involved, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Greg Mathis (Southern Poultry Research) recommended judicious use of products instead of cutting costs in feed formulation, during IPPE 2019 in Atlanta, USA....
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APIs and Vitamin MARKET - The weak demand for the APIs
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INTRODUCTION
Fowl cholera is a cosmopolitan disease that affects all kinds of birds but often occurs in chickens and turkeys reared under intensive farming conditions (7). In Argentina, fowl cholera outbreaks are important in broiler breeders. The disease takes place as an acute fatal disease or most commonly, as a chronic infection. Vaccination should be considered in areas where fowl cholera is prevalent using either available bacterins and/or live vaccines, but...
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Background Clostridium perfringens is a bacterial pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from gas gangrene and food poisoning in humans to necrotic enteritis in chickens [1]. Aside from host factors, the type and severity of disease is dependent on the production of a set of toxins and extracellular enzymes [1]. Most C. perfringens toxins are not produced by all strains; their structural genes are present as a part of the accessory genome encoded on large...
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Optimal in-feed amino acid ratio for laying hens based on deletion method
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Dianna Bourassa (Auburn University) explained the results obtained in this research using three different levels of peroxyacetic acid to minimize carcass contamination, during IPPE 2019 in Atlanta, USA....
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Husam Bakri, Global Technical Expert at Merck, explained his findings on avian influenza in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as economic impact, vaccination, and biosecurity, during IPPE 2017 in Atlanta, USA....
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Anne Goderis, R&D Manager for Nutrex, talks to us about solving endotoxin problems with their new product "Endoban", during Eurotier 2016, in Hannover, Germany....
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Introduction Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a multi-factorial disease, resulting in an important negative impact on the poultry industry due to decreased weight gain, increased mortality, worse feed conversion ratio, greater medication costs and increased risk of contamination of poultry products for human consumption (Timbermont et al., 2011; Paiva and McElroy, 2014). ...
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Kristina Feye (University of Arkansas) discussed the variety of options available to producers to control pathogens, during IPPE 2019 in Atlanta, USA....
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Steven Ricke, Professor and Director of the Center for Food Safety at the University of Arkansas, discussed the effect of prebiotics, probiotics and organic acids to control Salmonella and Campylobacter, as well as the relevance of biosecurity, during IPPE 2017....
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In recent days, we have been getting so many cases pertaining to gout, which is mostly considered as a metabolic disorder. As a routine, we have given treatment for the same and failed as we thought it was just a gout. Later we have been investigated grossly and came to conclusion that it was probably due to IBV. Postmortem findings were 1. Pale and hypertrophied kidneys 2. Tophi of urate Crystals all over organs namely heart, liver, lungs, airsacs, over intestines and even at joints. 3....
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Necrotic enteritis (NE) prevalently occurs in broilers aged from two to six weeks that mainly caused by Clostridium perfringens C. perfringens can rapidly proliferate and produce toxins in intestine that contribute to losses in productivity, raising mortality, and contamination products. A variety of approaches were explored to prevent the incidence of NE in poultry. Among these, probiotics shows promise as an alternative to antibiotics in inhibiting growth of...
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The selected yeast fraction Safmannan® helps to counteract E. coli negative effects in poultry: from in vitro tests to farm applications. Introduction Avian colibacillosis gather different infections caused by an avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. Coli). E. coli are part of a healthy and balanced chicken’s gut flora. However, intensive production conditions may lead to a growth of the E. coli population and the...
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While there's a little known fact and from my experience as a poultry farmer, I have come to the conclusion that most of the mortality I have experienced on farm in the past few weeks have been from Fowl Cholera. Some of the signs noticed include paleness of the comb, morbidity, greenish yellow diarrhoea with pasty vents and above all sudden death. The moment I first noticed, the chicks were placed on NCO after which mortality reduced and gradually stopped, but...
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Have recently received results from necropsy on 18 week pullet. Diagnosed avian cholera. Am I better off to cull the entire flock and start again?My main concerns are 1. Are all my birds now carriers if they have been exposed? (some have been symptomatic but seem to have recovered) 2. Can't find any info on weather or not the eggs will be safe to eat and my husband only likes runny egg yolks. 3. How long before I can get new chickens if I do have to cull the entire flock? I am hoping total...
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Dr. Badrul Hassan, DVM and PhD student at Uppsala University, Sweden, presents his poster about antibiotic resistance in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from large and small scale poultry farms in Bangadlesh, at the XVII WVPA Congress in Cancún, Mexico. ...
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Dr. Scott M. Russell, Professor of Poultry Processing and Products Microbiology at the University of Georgia, gave a lecture at the XXII Latin American Poultry Congress in Buenos Aires, Argentina about Microbiologic control within slaughter plants to prevent Salmonella and Campylobacter. ...
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Pasteurella multocida (Pm) is a gram-negative bacterium able to infect different animal species, including human beings. This bacterium causes economic losses to the livestock industry because of its high morbidity and mortality in animals. In this work, we report the characterization of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released into the culture medium by different Pm serogroups. Purified OMVs in the range of 50–300 nm were observed by electron microscopy. Serum obtained from chickens...
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