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Vitamins in poultry nutrition
Vitamins are a group of organic compounds that poultry require in small quantities. Despite the low requirement levels, vitamins are essential for normal body functions, growth, and reproduction. A deficiency of one or more vitamins can lead to a number of diseases or syndromes. Vitamins are divided into two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble. The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, and K. Vitamin A is required for normal growth and development of epithelial tissue (skin and the linings of the digestive, reproductive, and respiratory tracts) and reproduction. Vitamin D3 is required for normal growth, bone development, and eggshell formation. Vitamin K is essential for blood clot formation. The water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B vitamins. The B vitamins include vitamin B12, biotin, folacin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamin. The B vitamins are involved in many metabolic functions, including energy metabolism. Poultry can make vitamin C, so there is no dietary requirement established for this vitamin. Vitamin C supplementation is useful when birds are in stress.
Producing high quality meat is a primary goal of the poultry industry. In the recent years, as chicken breeds are genetically selected for faster growth and larger breast meat, there has been an increase of myopathies (diseases of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly) mainly...
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The liver is a key organ for the health and productivity of poultry and plays a significant part in the digestion, metabolism and utilization of nutrients. The liver is involved in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins; it is the main storage site for fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K), the...
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DIMA WHITE, STEVE LEESON and WOO KYUN KIM* report that a herbal feed supplement, consisting of natural and organic choline in conjugated form (phosphatidyl choline) along with certain...
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1. Introduction Commercial poultry production is associated with a variety of environmental, technological, nutritional and biological/internal stressors which are responsible for decreased productive and reproductive performance and compromised health [1,2]. A great body of recent information clearly indicates that very often overproduction of free radicals, compromised antioxidant defences and oxidative stress are the leading causes of the detrimental consequences of...
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Antibacterial activity of Bacillus species-derived surfactin on Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Clostridium perfringens (Extract)
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1. Introduction Carotenoids are natural pigments which are responsible for yellow to red colour observed in plants and vegetables (Mortensen, 2006). Carotenoids are important for its various roles in human and animals, these include immune functions, decrease in the risk of disease and antioxidant function (Johnson, 2002; Rao & Honglei, 2002; Hinds et al., 1997). There are over 700 carotenoids (Junpatiw et al., 2013); one of which is the β-carotene. β-carotene can...
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This study investigated the effect of a novel phosphorylated tocopherol mixture (TPM) on the growth performance and meat quality in broiler chickens reared in normal temperatures (NT) or cyclical high temperatures (CHT). Three hundred and sixty Ross 308-day old broilers were housed in groups of 5 in cages (n = 12/treatment). From day of placement until d 35, broilers were assigned to 1 of 3 vitamin E-adequate, wheat and soybean meal-based diets containing TPM at 0 (Control; 20ppm of Vit E),...
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Oxidative stress in poultry Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of animal industry and has a substantial contribution to food security and nutrition. Birds are exposed to a multitude of stressors of environmental, nutritional, microbiological, and managemental origin throughout their life cycle that negatively impacts their health and production (Altan et al., 2003). These include sexing, transportation, vaccination, heat, cold, light, peak production, intensive...
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INTRODUCTION Natural antioxidants play important roles in maintaining chicken health, productive and reproductive performance of breeders, layers, rearing birds, and growing broilers. There is a wide range of antioxidant molecules in the body. Some of them are supplied with feed (vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium), others are synthesized in tissues (ascorbic acid, coenzyme Q [CoQ], carnitine, taurine, antioxidant enzymes, etc.). In the body all...
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INTRODUCTION Commercial poultry production is associated with a range of stresses, including environmental, technological (Surai and Fisinin, 2016a), nutritional, and internal/biological (Surai and Fisinin, 2016b) ones. It is believed that these stresses are responsible for decreased productive and reproductive performance of poultry (Surai, 2002), and, at the molecular level, most stresses are associated with oxidative stress and damage to important...
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Stress is a nonspecific response of the body to any demand. This biological response to stimuli that disturb its normal biological equilibrium. In this discussion, big Stressor is stress of heat external & internal effects on liver, especially. It’s a proven fact that modern poultry genotype produces more heat due to greater MBR (Metabolic activity). In chicken, air sacs are very important during panting used for heat exchange between body and environment. Increase panting...
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Biosecurity is a major consideration for egg farmers across the world, and can be regarded as the ecosystem of measures capable of preventing the spread of harmful organisms to animals to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Strong biosecurity requires all preventative measures to work collaboratively, from vaccines to physical barriers, hygiene practices, personal protective equipment (PPE) and bio-monitoring. It is essential that all elements are working in sync, with no...
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From January to now, the manufacturers have been mainly executing the previous vitamin E orders, and the market quotation remains stable at 70 RMB/kg. On February 22,ZMC announced to raise the price to 85RMB/kg which ignited the market.
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Introduction Precision Animal Nutrition is the effective use of available feed resources in order to maximize the response of animals to nutrients. It is an ideal method to improve the productivity of animals in developing countries in view of inadequate...
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by Sam Shafer
Researchers from Spain and the Netherlands performed a study to determine if adding a mineral and vitamin mix (AHS and Vitamin C) would have an effect on broiler performance in heat-stressed conditions.
1,824 one-day-old birds were randomly allocated to 48 identical pens of 38 birds each. All birds were equally fed a 3-phase feeding program. There was no variation in feed throughout this study.
The control group(s) were...
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A new issue of e-newsletter is now available.
1--- CPV 2020 edition 2--- Noval anti-coccidial drug is approved 3--- Florfenicol, Tilmicosin,vitamin market review 4--- ASF issue
New Regulation & Publication
CVP-2020 Edition Approved
On Oct.29, the draft of Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) was reviewed and approved. It marks the completion of the compilation of a new edition of Chinese...
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FLORFENICOL On October 21, the average market price was 440 yuan/kg, an increase of 0.69% MoM, a three-month high, but slightly lower than the same period last year, a YoY decrease of 2.21%. After...
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INTRODUCTION
Nutrition plays a major role in the performance of layer birds. Feed management is the most important practice to get egg production at a right time, maximum peak production, long standing peak production, standard egg size, good cull bird weight and reduced feed cost per egg. Body weight should be taken every week from 1 st week to 18 th week of age, the birds with less body weight...
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It's not always that the high performance brings production stress to poultry, it's the way you deal with it. The high performing animals and feed is need of the competitive world. The crucial mission is to support them adequately to perform. Some choices are available as feed additives to control the production stress. But they are limited by their stability, safety and...
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More Challenge is on the Way
China Veterinary API Market Recovered from COVID-19 Attack
The Novel Coronavirus (later named as COVID–19) associated epidemic outbreak in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province, China on January, gradually spread to the whole country, now was basically under control since mid-March. The veterinary APIs industry has been impacted to some extent.
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T.J. Gaydos (Gaydos Technical Services) discussed lipids and oxidation, as well as the use of vitamin E, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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