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Probiotics and prebiotics in poultry nutrition
Under normal circumstances, there is a delicate balance of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This is influenced by symbiotic and competitive interactions and relationships. The microbial communities will not only protect the GIT but also enhance productivity in the host. The use of probiotics and prebiotics are two approaches that have been examined and can potentially reduce enteric diseases in poultry and also enhance their productivity. These substances have been proposed to assist in the prevention of carcass contamination and improve the immune response in the chicken. Probiotics have been defined as 'a live microbial feed supplement which beneficially affects the host animal by improving its intestinal balance' (Fuller, 1989). The probiotic mode of action is by 'competitive exclusion', meaning there is competition for attachment sites in the GIT.
1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a major enteric infection of poultry that is estimated to cost more than USD 14.5 billion annual losses globally [1]. Although coccidiosis control using various anticoccidial chemicals, such as ionophores, coccidiocides, and coccidiostats, has long been a mainstream strategy in modern poultry production, alternative control strategies to antibiotics are necessary owing to the antibiotic ban [2]. Therefore, much effort has been made to develop...
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I. Introduction The UK review of antimicrobial resistance presented now outdated 2014 data on AMR consequences for human life (O’Neill, 2016). They estimated that 700,000 people die every year from AMR, with concerning devastating effects on infant mortality. In India, 60,000 newborn babies die each year from antibiotic-resistant neonatal infections. This problem is more prominent in less developed countries but by no means restricted to them. In the US, there are more than two...
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I. Introduction Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP) and exacerbated when birds are co-infected with Eimeria spp., is one of the most severe and common diseases resulting from intestinal mucosal damage (Bae et al., 2021). The stimbiotic (STB) concept has been recently introduced as a non-digestible and fermentable additive that stimulates the development of a microbiome comprising bacterial species that are principally involved in fibre...
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I. Introduction Glycans are polysaccharides, essential biomolecules with well-established benefits for the host and abundantly used as prebiotics to support balanced microbiome function. Host produced glycans, such as mucins, are crucial for the defensive purpose of the intestinal epithelial barrier against pathogens (Coker et al., 2021). Glycans are often projecting on the cell surface and are frequently secreted molecules, thus presenting a perfect pathogen trap or...
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Introduction Poultry productivity depends on the combined effects of several factors such as the level of nutrients in feed, proper management practices, and the health status of the birds. To keep the enteric infections under control and promote growth, the supplementation of antibiotics in the poultry feed has been a regular practice. However, the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) is restricted or banned in several countries due to the public health concern of...
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Aaron Cowieson (DSM) discusses microbiome research in poultry nutrition and the feed additives considered, during this Engormix interview....
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Following the success of the Research Topic “Alternatives to Antimicrobial Growth Promoters and Their Impact in Gut Microbiota, Health, and Disease: Volume II,” we received an invitation from Frontiers to work on Volume II. This second volume includes 31 scientific articles, in the text of individual chapters in this Frontiers Research Topic. The editors are grateful to all 197 authors that contributed and participated in the achievement of Volume II. Homo sapiens reached...
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This study investigated the effects of Bacillus -based probiotics on performance and intestinal health in broiler challenged with Clostridium perfringens -induced necrotic enteritis. One-day-old Arbor Acre (n=480) were randomly assigned to four treatments with 10 cages of 12 birds. Dietary treatments were; basal diet negative control (NC), with no probiotics nor antibiotics formulated to contain 2,930 and 3,060 kcal/kg with 24.1 and 16.0% CP, for starter and finisher diet,...
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Introduction Protein besides biologically active compound in the body exists as enzymes & hormones, also plays important role in physiology of living organisms. Soybean meal (SBM) is complete conventional protein source with well-balanced amino acids profile. On the other hand due to increase in prices of SBM, alternative sources like groundnut cake, sunflower meal, guar meal, rapeseed cake, cotton seed cake, copra meal, maize gluten, DDGS etc. are used, but they have...
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BEST-PRO is a most formidable alternative protein source along with probiotics. BEST-PRO is a unique combination of highly bioavailable protein with probiotics which helps to optimize protein requirement of birds, improve gut health, growth performance and production parameters....
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Introduction Probiotics are living microorganisms which when administered in adequate amount confer health benefits on the host. Probiotics are one of the more efficient methods of pathogen control and have not detrimental effects to the environment as...
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Introduction: Poultry meat industry has been more dynamic than egg industry over these years. Broiler breeder companies are making every effort to produce progeny that produces higher (breast) meat yield, lower FCR and better weight gain. Consequent to faster growth rate, a part of the energy utilized in the past to maintain health and disease resistance is now diverted for higher growth & production resulting in increased risk for...
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Components of Gut Health The intestine is a complex organ that comprises regions with distinct structural and physiological functions specialized in digestion and nutrient absorption. Simultaneously, the gut represents the primary contact site with foreign antigens and pathogens that can enter, reside and disseminate to the internal organs. For this reason, the gut harbors the majority of immune cells, referred to as gut-associated lymphoid tissues, when compared to other tissues....
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Emily Kimminau (Purina Animal Nutrition) discusses her research on different alternatives to fight this disease in poultry, during this Engormix interview....
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The overuse of antibiotics has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in poultry production. However, there are some additives, like probiotics and prebiotics, which can be used as alternatives to reduce the need for antibiotics. In that sense, how can we determine if feed additives are helpful for birds? Simply put, maintaining a healthy gut is crucial for the overall well-being of poultry, since it leads to better growth and immunity. That means that developing models to...
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Actisaf SC 47 HR+ is a new generation yeast probiotic proven effective in poultry to support gut integrity. The studies outlined here demonstrate various performance benefits when Actisaf was fed even in the presence of various challenges. Specific strain selection and proprietary manufacturing processes allow Actisaf to...
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