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Poultry welfare
Proper animal welfare involves providing the proper housing, management, nutrition, disease prevention and treatment, responsible care, humane handling and, when necessary, humane euthanasia. These factors allow for the most optimal and humane growing environment. The concept of animal welfare includes three elements: the bird’s normal biological functioning, its emotional state and its ability to express its natural behaviors. Improving animal welfare can be accomplished through offerings like poultry feed enrichment, which can reduce stress, thereby increasing performance, productivity and profitability. Animal welfare is currently a major requirement for intensive poultry production. Beak trimming, stocking density, free access to feed, heat stress, and air pollutants became important issues, which are regulated in several countries. Animal welfare is observed by watching how birds naturally behave and even by looking at mortality stemming from aggressive behaviors.
Introduction
Despite domestication and intensive genetic selection, commercial poultry retain the need to perform their natural behaviours. Conventional broiler housing often provides little opportunity for a good range of natural behaviours, while conventional layer cages severely restrict normal movement and behaviour. Damaging behaviours have been shown to increase in chickens when they are deprived of...
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Modern poultry farming is characterized by the confinement of large numbers of birds in controlled environments, ensuring adequate conditions for the development of the birds. However, this environment is also favorable for the development of insects such as the lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). This insect is found worldwide, inhabiting poultry houses, congregating under feeders on the broiler litter, where early larvae and adults live...
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Ernest Pierson, Animal Nutrition consultant for Silvafeed®, mentions the benefits that bring Silvafeed® Nutri P, a natural extract suitable for poultry and an attractive alternative to the use of antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP), during the 25th Latin American Poultry Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico....
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Fernando Rutz (Pelotas Federal University, Brazil) discusses the effects of stress factors on the bird's performance and health, and what can be done about it, during VIV MEA 2018 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates....
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Avian gut health and physiological changes in the host - Michael Kogut
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On April 16-18, 2018, the Hot Weather Management Workshop will be conducted at the Oconee County Civic Center in Watkinsville, Georgia, a few miles from the University of Georgia. This intensive training program has been specifically designed for those who want to learn more about the design and management of modern poultry houses. The workshop consists of lectures as well as hands on group exercises designed to help attendees gain a firm understanding of the principles behind hot weather...
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Introduction The poultry industry has been able to develop high-level technologies in these more than one hundred years of existence, reaching high zootechnical results. These advances have been obtained through a lot of financial investment in ambience, making the handling work more efficient. However, to offset this economic contribution, the producers were taken to increase the population density in aviary, mainly broiler chickens, currently one of the most discussed and...
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New nutritional solution in heat stress management. <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>: An ally to fight heat stress
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Findings The recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in numerous countries in Asia and Africa and the increase in human cases demonstrate that influenza A viruses remain a global pandemic threat [1,2]. Worldwide, natural migrations of birds and commercialization of poultry product are considered two of the most important mechanisms of disease dispersion [3]. Due to the high risk of the A(H5N1) pandemic threat, multinational efforts have been made to...
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Knowing how much water an evaporative cooling system will use during hot weather can prove to be a very useful piece of information. For instance, to properly size well pumps, pressure tanks and water distribution pipes, designers must know the peak...
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Efficacy of using Silvafeed® Nutri P plant extract to improve poultry feet quality and welfare Footpad dermatitis (FPD) has become a major issue for broiler industry in recent years. The development of necrotic lesions on the feet can strongly impair the welfare of poultry. Moreover, it can affect animal productivity and the quality of chicken feet, causing important economic losses (Mayne et al,...
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Introduction During summer, high ambient temperature is one of the most important environmental stressors adversely affecting poultry health [1–2]. Hens to loss heat are limited due to feathering and the absence of sweat glands [1]. A hen can tolerate and adapt to ambient temperatures up to 25°C (77°F); temperatures above this level can lead to heat stress (HS) as a combination of hen’s physical heat production plus the environmental heat load is greater...
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Donald Conner, Head of Poultry Science Department at Auburn University, talked to us about research and projects that are being developed at their facilities, during IPPE 2017 in Atlanta, USA. ...
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Plamen Nikolov, Technical Manager-Stalosan at Vilofoss, talks to us about their product Stalosan and their biosecurity assessment program during Eurotier 2016, in Hannover, Germany....
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Introduction Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is a type of skin inflammation that causes necrotic lesions on the plantar surface of footpads in broilers and turkeys (Shepherd and Fairchild, 2010). Chicken feet or paws are considered a culinary delicacy in many cultures and have become the third most important economic part of the chicken (chicken breast and wings are the first and second,...
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INTRODUCTION Animals must be able to perceive, store, and retrieve information in order to navigate their environment and maximize the ratio of benefits to costs. Birds should have good spatial cognition, allowing them to remember specific routes and landmarks so as to optimally utilize resources such as food, water, perches, and nests. They also need to use their knowledge of routes and landmarks effectively to escape...
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Introduction Following the EU Council Directive ban on conventional ‘battery’ cages (99/74/EC) which came into full effect in January 2012 [1], concerns for the welfare implications of certain rearing and production system combinations have arisen. Previous studies indicate that rearing conditions affect the welfare of birds in the producing stage. Nicol et al. [2] found that previous exposure to wood shavings...
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Andrew M. Janczak, Associate Professor, Laboratory Head of the Norwegian University of Life Science speaks about the rearing effects on laying hen productivity and welfare....
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Dr. Janice M. Siegford, Research Assistant Professor at Michigan State University speaks about his presentation on laying hen behavior, welfare quality assessments and stress measures. ...
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Introduction Footpad dermatitis (FPD), also called footpad lesions or pododermatitis, is a major welfare concern in broiler chickens. Severe FPD is likely to be painful for the birds, and because of its association with litter quality it also reflects other welfare aspects (Haslam et al. , 2007).Wet litter is the most important factor causing FPD in broiler chickens (Shepherd et al. 2010). It can be...
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Introduction
A concern over how to feed the rising human population while at the same time minimizing the effect on the environment has led to calls for agriculture to become more ‘sustainably intensive’ and more efficient. (Royal Society, 2009; Steinfeld et al., 2006; Garnett et al., 2013; Gerber et al., 2013). The human population is projected to be at least 9 billion by 2050 (FAOStat, 2009;...
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