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Avian influenza
Avian influenza is a viral infection found in domestic poultry and a wide range of other birds. Wild waterfowl and shorebirds are often subclinically affected carriers of the virus. In poultry, low-pathogenicity strains can cause subclinical infections; however, some strains typically cause respiratory signs or decreased egg production. Highly pathogenic strains may cause widespread organ failure and sudden death, often with high mortality rates. Diagnosis is based on detection of the viral genome or specific antibodies or on virus isolation. Antimicrobials may help control secondary bacterial infection in flocks affected by low-pathogenicity strains. Antiviral drugs are not approved or recommended. Prevention is best accomplished by biosecurity measures. Vaccines matched for antigenic type can greatly increase resistance to infection, prevent clinical signs, and decrease viral shedding in infected flocks.
Udi Ashash (Director of Global Technical Services, Phibro Vaccines) shared the experience of Israel with highly pathogenic and low pathogenic AI, and the development of vaccines, during the Avian Influenza International Seminar 2017 in Buenos Aires, Argentina....
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I would be grateful if somebody mentioned the reasons behind the erroneous procedure of Elisa test that show positive AI titer in day-old chick from non vaccinated breeder. An external control was used and it was within the range. Thanks and regards ...
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Life Rainbow Biotech at VIV Asia 2025: Advancing Antibiotics-Free Solutions for Livestock
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In the wake of news reports that seven workers at a poultry farm in Russia are the first humans to be infected with the H5N8 strain of avian influenza, the International Poultry Council believes it is important to reassure consumers that poultry meat is safe to eat.
Avian influenza is a known potential zoonotic disease and there are internationally established measures in place that ensure food safety and the proper handling and cooking of poultry, as well as worker safety and...
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Background Avian influenza (AI) is an infectious viral disease that mainly affects the respiratory or digestive system. The avian influenza viruses (AIV) affect different species of wild and domestic birds [1]. They belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family, having a single stranded RNA genome composed of eight segments that code for more than 11 viral proteins. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA) genes code for the major virus surface glycoproteins [2]. Based on their...
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What is avian influenza?
Avian influenza (AI) is a viral disease affecting birds, including several species of domestic poultry, as well as pet and wild birds. While AI viruses are highly species-specific, on certain occasions they have crossed the species barrier and have been isolated from mammalian species, including humans. The many strains of AI viruses can generally be classified into two categories according to the...
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Introduction Avian influenza is a highly contagious worldwide zoonosis caused by avian influenza A virus (AIV) (Wlliams, 2016). This virus is a single strand RNA, negative sense, segmented virus that belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae (Swayne and Glisson, 2013). Type-A influenza virus is isolated from birds and is termed avian influenza or avian flu (Alexander, 2000). The influenza virus contains two main surface segments, hemagglutinin (H) and Neuraminidase (N) segments...
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me the pattern of Ab- titre following AI infection in chickens 1-Does Ab-titre raise immediately after infection of chicken? 2-For how long does the raised titre persist and does it undergo regression to base line antibody titre before it escalate again? ...
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me if I test a flock for AI infection
I- Is it possible to get Elisa false negative result or low titre if the flock was vaccinated
2- what is expected tire after 3 weeks -high or low compare to the titre got before
thanks...
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me if I have an infected flock sub-clinically with AI 1- Is it possible to get Elisa false negative result if Elisa was conducted 2-if I repeat Elisa after 2-3 weeks what is the expected titre to get. Thanks. ...
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Metro Manila (CNN Philippines, March 16) — The highly-pathogenic H5N6 avian influenza or bird flu has reemerged in the Philippines more than two years after a similar strain affected poultry in the country, Agriculture Secretary William Dar announced on Monday.
He said bird flu was detected in a quail farm in Jaen, Nueva Ecija. Testing for avian influenza was done on March 13 after 1,500 out of 15,000 quails died in a farm in Barangay Ulanin-Pitak, he said,...
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Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Improves Performance and Gut Integrity in Broilers Fed Low Protein Diets under Necrotic Enteritis Challenge
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Background Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) subtype H9N2 virus is widespread worldwide, being endemic in poultry populations in Asia and the Middle East. The first isolation of H9N2 virus in Egypt was obtained from the apparently healthy commercial bobwhite quail flock (A/quail/Egypt/113413v/2011/H9N2) in May 2011 [17]. Later on, the virus was isolated from commercial broiler, broiler breeder and layer flocks [27, 32]. H9N2 AIV infection in broilers causes reduction of...
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Prompt diagnosis is the first step in prevention and control of poultry disease. LPAI is endemic among poultry. As per Alexander, bacteria free filterate showing Ha activity not neutralised by ND antiserum is only orthomixo virus and not paro mixovirus. This examination can be done in any clinical laboratory. As per govt of India circular 2004 state, veterinary colleges are approved influenza diagnostic laboratories for avian influenza not implemented.
Variant IB nephro pathogenic IB...
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A new educational program hosted by the American Feed Industry Association will focus on biosecurity as it pertains to foreign animal diseases, such as foot and mouth disease, African swine fever and avian influenza. The program, “Biosecurity in the Face of Foreign Animal Disease – What the Feed Industry Needs to Know,” will take place on Jan. 29, 2020, in conjunction with the 2020 International Production & Processing Expo, taking place Jan. 28-30 in Atlanta, Ga....
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Introduction The avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 subtype was first characterized in 1966 as causing mild respiratory diseases in turkeys (Homme and Easterday, 1970) and, for the first decade after its isolation, was found only in shorebirds and mallards (Kawaoka, et al., 1988). However, after almost 50-years evolution and propagation, the H9N2 viruses have spread across most of...
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In Egypt, highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.2.1 virus was introduced to poultry via migratory birds in late 2005 (1) and is now endemic among poultry in Egypt (2). Also in Egypt, the number of H5N1 infections in humans is the highest in the world, and low pathogenicity influenza A(H9N2) virus is widespread among poultry and has infected humans (2). Despite extensive vaccination, H5N1 and H9N2 viruses are co-circulating and frequently reported (2). In 2014, highly pathogenic...
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Husam Bakri, Global Technical Expert at Merck, explained his findings on avian influenza in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as economic impact, vaccination, and biosecurity, during IPPE 2017 in Atlanta, USA....
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Background Avian influenza (AI) is a devastating disease and the current approach that is used to control it is based on isolation and extermination of affected flocks in order to stop the spread of the virus. Alternative approaches, including the use of vaccines, have been only 60% effective in chickens [1, 2] due to the high mutation rate of the virus and lack of cross-protection between viral strains. Moreover, most countries do not allow importation of vaccinated birds due...
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Introduction On June 21, 2012, Mexico officially reported the presence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H7N3 in three commercial egg laying farms in the state of Jalisco. The affected birds showed clinical signs of ruffled feathers, lethargy, anorexia, prostration, depression, and acute death.1 The ages of the infected birds were 32, 72, 75, 84, and 94 weeks. To prevent the dissemination of the disease, health authorities implemented a quarantine,...
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Life Rainbow Biotech at VIV Asia 2025: Advancing Antibiotics-Free Solutions for Livestock
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The International Egg Commission's Avian Influenza Global Expert Group continues its work to help egg producers manage the risk of Avian Influenza.
The recent northern winter has had a very limited number of Avian Influenza outbreaks reported. The IEC’s Avian Influenza Global Expert Group considers that this is no reason for producers, whether southern or northern hemisphere producers, to let their guard down. In technical terms, it is considered that the current wave of...
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