Athangudi Venugopalan

Now low pathogenic avian influenza is endemic. Low pathogenic avian influenza is exacerbated by bacterial and viral agents. so called lPAI can cause mortality even up yo 90 percent due to exacerbation. No prophylactic vaccination against avian influenza. Under poultry management sanitation covers water and environment, feed shows heavy bacterial contamination. No feed sanitation is done as a routi ...

Prompt diagnosis is the first step in prevention and control of poultry disease. LPAI is endemic among poultry. As per Alexander, bacteria free filterate showing Ha activity not neutralised by ND antiserum is only orthomixo virus and not paro mixovirus. This examination can be done in any clinical laboratory. As per govt of India circular 2004 state, veterinary colleges are approved influenza diag ...

Present field scenario is low pathogenic avian influenza exacerbated by bacterial and viral agents. Typical lesions of ai-cloacal lesions and streaks of haemorrhage in rectum are seen. This type of problem is seen among broilers in Tamil Nadu/Andhra and Karnataka. Mortality among commercial broilers is even >20 percent with in 6 weeks. Use of Lasota ND vaccine exacerbates LPAI. ND vaccine[kille ...

Is there combined vaccine-h5/h7/h9 for AI, how to predict which strain is going to infect the particular flock? Further vaccination against AI does not causes sterilising immunity. Sterilizing immunity means -vaccinated birds exposed to infection there should not be active multiplcation of virulent virus in vaccinated flock. But in case of ai vaccinated birds exposed to infection there will be act ...

Since October 2018, a new form of LPAI is present in Karnataka/Andhra and Tamil Nadu. Clinical signs of comb/wattles/shank are absent/congestion and bleaching of breast muscle is also not seen. But cloacal lesion typical of AI are present. On pm streaks of haemorrhages typical of AI are seen. Pancreas of such cases are positive for AI as per ha hi test. Weekly mortality is >0.2%. Screening of k ...

Socorro Magdalena Escorcia Martínez  Only prophylactic vaccination against AI is prohibited. Vaccination is followed in USA and other countries after assessment of AI virus type. There is no combined AI vaccine such as H5/H7/H9/H6 etc. In India, prophylactic vaccination is done since 2003 result is increased incidence of AI in Vietnam 100% prophylactic vaccination against was done. Net ...

For AI prophylactic vaccination is prohibited. AI vaccination does not cause sterilizing immunity. Sterilizing immunity means vaccinated birds on exposure to infection naturally or artificially there should not be development of virulent virus in vaccinated host. On the contrary, in case of AI vaccination, there will be active multiplication of virulent virus in vaccinated host without showing cli ...

Poultry waterline filled with water from ro plant located in the poultry farm. From the plant exit water is free of bacteria but on entering the pipeline is contaminated by the infected birds. In such cases, 60 nipple samples per shed pooled as 12 are contaminated with coliforms. Further if we use mineral water for generation of colloidal silver water is turned to red colour and the conductivity a ...

Water sanitation microbiology - sample size-60 nipple samples. as per who norms water sample 5 can be pooled a one so nipple sample is 12 and sub tank one total 13 samples for farm with 10 sheds sample size may come to 130.more than 95 % of samples should be free of enteric bacteria. micro biology of 130 samples may cost rs 6500-00. make meat extract from day pm cases prepare double strength teepo ...

For water sanitation use food grade chemosterilant-chlorine dioxide or acidified sodium chlorite or miracle mineral supplement. All are prepared with base sodium chlorite. Wash pipeline once in 15 days. Late in evening empty the pipeline. Apply 6 percent hydrogen peroxide. Raise each and every nipple so that hydrogen per oxide passes through nipple. After raising the last nipple flush out hydrogen ...