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Mycotoxins in poultry
Common mycotoxins associated with mycotoxicoses in poultry include aflatoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, ochratoxins, and trichothecenes such as deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxins. Diagnosis requires detection and quantification of the specific mycotoxin. Treatment includes removal of the source of the mycotoxin and supportive care. Mold mitigation strategies can be used for prevention. Mycotoxicoses are diseases caused by the poisonous effects of the toxins produced by filamentous microfungi (ie, toxigenic molds). Hundreds of mycotoxins are known and can produce mild to severe toxic effects when they occur above levels of concern. The importance of mycotoxin problems in poultry is probably considerable yet difficult to measure. Chronic low levels of exposure to more than one type of mycotoxin appears to be a commonality, yet is less clinically evident.
1. Introduction Broiler chickens and pigs are highly exposed to mycotoxins due to their cereal based diet. These toxins are mainly produced by Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium fungal species. [1]. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most important aflatoxin with regards to potency and occurrence. Poultry are highly sensitive to the hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic effects of AFB1. At lower doses, reductions in growth rate, hatchability, feed efficiency, and immunity occur, which...
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1. Introduction The rapid growth in the meat sector has been underpinned by the rising demand of poultry meat, which has consistently increased about threefold the rate of population growth over each of the past five decades [1]. The presence of microscopic fungi affects the quality of feeds, their organoleptic attributes, and nutritional quality [2]. Moulds like other microorganisms will assimilate and utilize the most readily available nutrients in the materials they...
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Training the immune system to fight back pathogen attacks - Alain Riggi
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Introduction The occurrence of mycotoxins in foods and feeds is a problem of major concern in all over the world. Profitability of poultry production can be greatly affected due to the frequency of feed contamination and the detrimental effects of these toxins on the performance (Hamilton, 1984). Aflatoxins, a group of closely related and biologically active mycotoxins, are produced by strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They commonly occur as natural...
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Introduction: Mycotoxins are a diverse group of toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain moulds when they grow on agricultural products. They do not belong to a single class of chemical compounds, and they differ in their toxicological effects. Although several hundred mycotoxins are known, the mycotoxins of most concern, based on their toxicity and occurrence, are aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes (DON, T-2 toxin, DAS, etc), zearalenone, fumonisin and...
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Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of Mycodetox B2 in alleviating aflatoxicosis, day-old quail chicks (n=225) were divided into five treatment groups (T1: control; T2: T1+400ppb aflatoxin B1 (AFB1); T3: T1+600ppb AFB1; T4: T2+Mycodetox B2; T5: T3+Mycodetox B2). Each diet was fed to three replicates of 15 birds each from 1 to 35 day of age. During overall growth (1-5 weeks), the body weight gain (BWG) of T1 was higher (P<0.05) than T2 and T3. The BWG in T2 was higher...
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At IPPE 2020, Markella Al Saifi -Innovation Team at Innovad- spoke to Engormix about the launching of Myco-Marker®: An innovative new service for evaluating the overall risk of mycotoxins and assessing their true impact on animal’s health....
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Supplemental dietary methionine sources have a neutral impact on oxidative status in broiler chickens
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Steven He (Marketing Staff -Lachance) speaks about how to protect the liver in animals when is affected by mycotoxins using Runeon on Poultry, bile acids to decompose the mycotoxins, heavy metal and endotoxin deposit in liver, keep the health of liver and intestinal, during IPPE 2020...
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1. Introduction Mycotoxins are ubiquitous in nature and has been reported a natural contaminants of various feed or fodder throughout the world (Katole et al., 2013). Mycoxicosis, is characterized by its hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects in animals and poultry (Patil et al., 2005, 2006, 2014, 2017a, b; Patial et al., 2013; Patil and Degloorkar, 2016a, b, 2018; Singh, 2019c, d, f; Singh et al., 2019a, b). Aflatoxicosis in...
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INTRODUCTION Many mycotoxins can cause serious health problems in poultry and their presence in feedstuffs may result in a serious economic losses. Aflatoxins belong to a group of mycotoxins produced as secondary metabolites by fungi of the Aspergillus genus, especially A. flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius (Kurtzman et al. 1987). Crops contaminated with aflatoxins are a worldwide problem and approximately 25% of world’s food supply is contaminated with mycotoxins...
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Amongst the most widespread mycotoxins, aflatoxins are of great concern in warm and humid climatic conditions like India (Singh et al. 2010). Aflatoxins include B1, B2, G1 and G2, and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most important toxic secondary metabolites, produced by 3 closely related species of Aspergillus; A. flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius in the feedstuffs. Avoidance of contaminated feed is rarely feasible and feeds that contain relatively low concentrations of AFB1 may have...
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Mycotoxins are a group of structurally diverse secondary metabolites of fungi that occur as contaminants of grains worldwide. Aspergillus, Alternaria, Claviceps, Fusarium and Penicillium species of fungi are ubiquitous in nature and under ideal conditions often infect economically important crops during storage, shipment and processing. Many secondary metabolites produced by these fungi can cause serious health problems in poultry and their presence in agricultural commodities may result in...
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1. Introduction Mycotoxins are found worldwide as natural contaminants or co-contaminants of feed and feedstuffs (Katole et al., 2013). The toxicity of mycotoxins i.e. mycotoxicosis, is characterized by its nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects in animals and poultry (Patil et al., 2005, 2006, 2014, 2017a, b; Patial et al., 2013; Patel et al., 2015; Patil and Degloorkar, 2016a, b, 2018). Aflatoxicosis in poultry causes...
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1. Introduction Mycotoxins are found world-wide as natural contaminants of feed and feedstuffs (Katole et al., 2013). The toxicity of mycotoxins i.e. mycoxicosis, is characterized by their nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects in animals and poultry (Patil et al., 2005, 2006, 2014, 2017a, b; Patial et al., 2013; Patel et al., 2015; Patil and Degloorkar, 2016a, b, 2018). Aflatoxicosis in poultry causes lowered performance in...
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Abstract To evaluate the ameliorative impact of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and sodium butyrate (NaB) during combined aflatoxicosis and ochratoxicosis on production performance and immunity, day-old broiler chicks (n=320) were divided into 10 treatment groups (T0: control; T1: T0+300 ppb aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)+250 ppb ochratoxin A (OTA); T2: T1+0.15% MOS; T3: T1+0.3% MOS; T4: T1+500 mg/kg NaB; T5: T1+1000 mg/kg NaB; T6: T1+0.15% MOS+500 mg/kg NaB; T7: T1+0.15% MOS+1000 mg/kg NaB;...
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INTRODUCTION Presence of mycotoxins in feed is one of the major constraints in maintaining feed quality because the mycotoxins are widely present in feedstuffs around the world and may affect production even in very low concentration. These are low molecular weight toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain strains of filamentous fungi, which invade crops in the field, during harvesting or storage under favourable conditions. Although several hundred mycotoxins are...
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INTRODUCTION Presence of mycotoxins in feed is one of the major constraints in maintaining feed quality, especially in tropical countries. The Food and Agriculture Organization has estimated that 25% of the world’s crops are affected by mycotoxins each year (Das, 2004). The most widespread mycotoxin i.e., aflatoxins are of great concern in warm and humid climatic conditions like India (Singh et al., 2010). Swamy et al. (2012) found that South Asian feeds are contaminated...
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Training the immune system to fight back pathogen attacks - Alain Riggi
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Dr. Christos Gougoulias, Head of Innovation at Innovad, speaks about the results of a 4-year PhD research project with the University of Ghent (Belgium) on the use of biomarkers for mycotoxin exposure in livestock which involved the necessary Method Development and validation in several biological fluids (blood plasma, urine, faeces and excreta) in pigs and chickens, during the Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, Missouri, USA...
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Todd Applegate, Head of Poultry Science Department at the University of Georgia, talked about the advances that the poultry industry has had in understanding probiotics and their effect. Also, Applegate went over his researches on amino acids and mycotoxins, during IPPE 2017 in Atlanta, USA....
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