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Enzymes in poultry nutrition
Enzymes are proteins involved in all anabolic and catabolic pathways of digestion and metabolism. Digestive enzymes are categorised as endogenous or exogenous. Endogenous enzymes are produced by the animal and exogenous enzymes are administered from outside. Enzyme supplementation decreases nutrient loss through excreta, reduces diets nutritional levels, improves nutrient availability; thus, enhances production efficiency and profitability. In addition, exogenous enzymes hydrolyse non-starch polysaccharides, increase the usage of feed energy, reduce negative impacts of non-digestive residues on digesta viscosity, and improve gut microbial ecosystem. Cellulase, glucanase, pectinase, xylanase, galactisidases, phytase, non-starch polysaccharides degrading enzymes, amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease are the most common enzymes used in poultry feed.
Diego Martinez (University of Arkansas) talked about strategies for obtaining higher breast yield, as well as the importance of finding new ways to analyze data, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA....
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-According to the United Nations, by 2050 there will be a world population of 9700 million inhabitants. -The effects of climate change with prolonged drought will drastically affect grain production. -The depletion of non-renewable fossil energy reserves (oil, gas) will pressure the production of cereal ethanol. -There will be an unprecedented competition between humans and animals for food resources (Corn, wheat, sorghum, soy, etc.). -The producers will be forced to...
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Because there is still more value to extract from feed, Adisseo has developed Rovabio® Advance Phy. As the second generation of Feedase, Rovabio® Advance Phy catches the entire potential of feed and allows alleviating animal production footprint on earth resources....
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Introduction The high cost of inorganic phosphate has influenced the direction of research and the industry to discover alternative sources of phosphorus (P) or improve the availability of P, for broilers. The phytase enzyme has been highlighted in the nutrition of non-ruminants as a tool to reduce the dietary inclusion of inorganic P and to decrease nutrient excretion through the excreta (WALDROUP et al., 2000; GRAÑA et al., 2013). With the growth and narrowing of an...
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Introduction Commercial egg production is associated with various stresses decreasing productive and reproductive performance of layers. It is proven that most of stresses in poultry production (technological: chick placement, vaccinations and transfer to breeder houses; environmental: heat stress, high ammonia, etc.; nutritional: mycotoxins, misbalances of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, etc.; or internal: bacterial and...
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Adequate pullet nutrition is essential to obtain the BW and development suitable for reproduction. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of four amino acid (AA) dietary levels fed to broiler breeder pullets during the rearing phase from 5 to 24wk on BW, abdominal fat deposition and development. A total of 1,360 Cobb-500 slow-feathering (SF) pullets were placed in 16 floor pens (85/pen). Up to 4wk all pullets were fed one starter diet in crumbles and after 29d of age fed with...
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Introduction: Enzymes in animal feed began to be used in the 80s. The pioneer countries were the Scandinavians, Great Britain, Canada and, particularly, Spain. The first food sector that reacted dramatically was poultry farming. The application of enzymes became total in the production of meat chickens in the 1990s. Poultry farming located in areas of cereal production with a high content of non-starchy polysaccharides (PNAs), components of difficult digestion by the...
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INTRODUCTION Coccidiosis is considered one of the most important poultry diseases worldwide due to the economic losses it produces in performance and due to medication usage (Williams, 2002; Dalloul and Lillehoj, 2005). The use of vaccines to prevent coccidiosis has proven to be successful (Lee et al., 2009; Danforth, 1998; Williams and Gobbi, 2002) and is widely used today in the U.S poultry industry (Agri-Stats, Fort Wayne IN). However, in the process of developing immunity,...
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Introduction Chronic heat stress (HS) is a great concern in all types of poultry especially broiler chickens. Reductions of feed intake (Teeter ., 1985) and lower growth rate as well as reduction in feed efficiency (Geraert ., 1996) have been reported in poultry under HS condition (Ramnath., 2008). Birds attempt to compensate for their reduced ability to dissipate heat during heat distress by increasing their physiological processes (such as, elevated body temperature, panting...
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Introduction. The use of exogenous enzymes directed to the hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) to increase the extraction of available nutrients is an effective strategy to increase the economic benefits even from highly digestible feedstuffs. The NSP in the cell wall of the cereal grains such as corn is complex and differ in their composition and properties. To ensure maximum profits from exogenous enzymes it is necessary to evaluate...
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Corn kernel hardness is an important agronomic trait that could be affected by environmental conditions and post-harvest practices such as drying and storage. This dissertation discuss current literature related to corn variability factors and original research showing the effects of two corn hybrids varying in endosperm hardness (average vs. hard) and three post-harvest drying temperatures (35, 80, and 120°C) on corn nutritional composition, geometric mean (dgw) and standard deviation...
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Peter Chrystal (Baiada) gave a presentation on different tests, models and tools to better analyze feed formulation and poultry nutrition, during the Latin American Poultry Congress in Lima, Peru....
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Introduction Heat stress is one of the major problems of poultry in heat areas of the world including Iran, especially in summer, leading to reduced performance, the production, feed intake, growth rates and effective use of the feed (Sahin ., 2009). In general, birds have a thermal comfort zone, which ranges between 18 to 22 ° C and no problem for the physiological regulation of body temperature in this range will. Birds lack sweat glands, increase in...
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I. INTRODUCTION In order to improve production, nutritionists endeavor to increase digestibility, availability of nutrients in the diet and to obtain more product consumed per unit feed, and therefore they consider total nutrient intake and retention as well as waste output. Although poultry is highly efficient in converting feed to egg or body gain, the presence of components such as antinutritional factors and indigestible nutrients in the feed may reduce production...
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ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of bile acids derived from swine on the growth performance, carcass traits, serum lipid metabolites and intestinal enzyme activities in broiler chickens. Four hundred thirty-two 1-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks each for 42 d. The experimental treatments received a corn-soybean basal diet containing lard and were as follows: 0 (control),...
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Sofia Zenagui, Global Feed Digestibility Marketing Manager at Adisseo, points out the key features of Rovabio®, a range of enzyme solutions that improves the digestibility of feedstuffs from vegetal origin for animals, poultry and swine, during ESPN 2019
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Introduction Broiler diets consist basically of plant-derived ingredients. These feeds are characterized by having a large part of phosphorus in the form of phytate (Rostagno et al., 2011), which is poorly hydrolyzed by monogastric animals (Ravindran et al., 1995), which do not have a significant activity of enzymes such as phytase throughout the gastrointestinal tract. However, in addition to complexing with phosphorus, the phytate molecule is also able to bind to other...
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Kristjan Bregendahl (Devenish Nutrition) discussed amino acid profile studies and ratio estimations, during the Multi-State Poultry Feeding and Nutrition Conference in Indianapolis, USA....
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Mike Persia (Virginia Tech) explained his research on amino acid requirements -particularly tryptophan and valine- and egg quality, during the Multi-State Poultry Feeding and Nutrition Conference in Indianapolis, USA. ...
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INTRODUCTION Aflatoxin is the common name for a group of chemically related compounds (Moss, 1996) produced by certain strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus in the feedstuffs as poisonous secondary metabolites. Aflatoxins are stable once formed in grain and are not degraded during normal milling and storage process (Brown, 1996) and have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic (Cole and Cox, 1981). It impairs humoral and cellular immune...
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