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1. Introduction The term ‘Aflatoxins’ (AFT) typically refers to the sum of variants AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, while ‘Fumonisins’ (FBs) refers to the sum of variants FB1 and FB2 [1]. These groups are mycotoxins produced by molds of genera Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., which commonly colonize corn [2–4]. The contamination of corn by AFT or FBs (especially the main variant FB1) has health implications for consumers of corn-derived products. The AFT are...
Andrew Vignati from VICAM explains how international regulatory standards are raising the bar for feed safety, particularly in exports. Vignati also shares how VICAM’s solutions empower producers of all sizes with the data they need to make safer, smarter decisions. ...
Andrew Vignati from VICAM speaks about the benefits of using this technology for mycotoxin detection in the feed ...
Andrew Vignati from VICAM explains the effectiveness of lateral flow strips for onsite feed testing. “It’s plug-and-play. Fast, simple, and reliable enough to act.” ...
Andrew Vignati from VICAM shares how a small feed mill in Arkansas recovered from a contamination crisis using on-site mycotoxin testing. ...
Andrew Vignati from VICAM breaks down key strategies to detect and manage mycotoxins in feed ...
1. Introduction Contamination of feed ingredients or complete feed has been shown to be a potential route of pathogen transmission [1,2]. To control this potential route of disease transmission, efforts can focus on the prevention of the contamination step from occurring or implementing strategies to reduce the survival of the bacteria or virus in the material, and thus reduce the likelihood of causing clinical disease when presented to a naïve animal. Prevention...
Cereals are an international commodity grown in almost all cultivable regions of the world. The three most important cereals that are destined for human and animal consumption are maize ( Zea mays ), wheat ( Triticum spp.) and rice ( Oryza sativa ). These crops can be affected by biotic and abiotic factors in all phenological stages, affecting quality and final yield. The Fusarium graminearum species complex is the main causal agent of ear...
1. Introduction Soybean expeller (SBE), a by-product obtained during the extruding-expelling process of soybean oil extraction [1], is highly valued as a protein-rich component in animal feed and soy-based food products [2–5]. In Argentina, nearly one million tons of SBE are produced annually [6] in 373 extruding-expelling facilities, primarily located in the Pampa’s region [7]. The average composition of SBE in Argentina is 7.2% moisture, 44.2% protein, and 8.1% residual...
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by certain fungi that contaminate crops and animal feed under specific conditions. These toxins, such as aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON), and ochratoxin A, pose serious health risks to animals and humans. Among their many effects, some mycotoxins directly impair the immune system, causing...
Introduction Animal husbandry, the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock, is a major food-producing industry worldwide. The increasing global demand for animal protein results in rapidly growing animal production as well as the growth of animal feed and the feed additive market. The feed additives have played a significant role in the sustainability of the livestock industry. There are four major drivers for the growth of the animal feed additive market including:...
Prof. Chung-Feng Chiang (University of Science and Technology, Taiwan) highlights the serious challenge of mycotoxin contamination in imported animal feed ingredients, which negatively impacts livestock growth, immune function, and reproduction. ...
Andrew J. Vignati, Sales Account Manager at VICAM, discusses the importance of an end-to-end approach using lateral flow strip tests, covering both incoming ingredients and finished feeds...
1. Introduction Corn ranks among the most globally cultivated cereals, with the production of more than 1200 million tons in the 2022/2023 harvest, mainly concentrated in the United States, China, and Brazil [1]. In Brazil, corn is the second most produced grain, following soybeans. For the 2023/2024 harvest, the estimated production in Brazil will exceed 118 million tons [2]. In the Brazilian market, the diversity of corn cultivars is substantial, whereby 98, 259, and 98...
Mycotoxins are produced by fungi and can lead to sickness in humans and animals, which explains why testing for them in crops, feeds, and food products is so important and is often a regulatory and customer requirement. Fortunately, testing technologies have evolved from slow, tedious, and complicated to smart, fast, and data connected. Tests vary in their performance capabilities and suitability for field, process, or lab environments. With a number of different options, you may be...
Introduction Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites in certain molds that grow in raw material feed or commercial feed [1]. Mycotoxins have been reported to cause economic loss, disease in livestock and humans, and even death [2]. Five mycotoxins, aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, trichothecene and zearalenone, have been reported to be dangerous to the body. Aflatoxins and ochratoxins are examples of mycotoxins whose toxicity levels are higher than others [3]. Aflatoxins and...
1 - INTRODUCTION Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is an ascomycete fungal pathogen and the main causative agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab disease, on wheat. F. graminearum infects wheat floral tissues at flowering (anthesis), secreting many cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs), other proteins and metabolites as well as mycotoxins that contaminate the developing grain, rendering it unsuitable for both human and livestock consumption (McMullen et al.,...
Introduction Wheat grains are important staple foods consumed worldwide. They are used as animal feeds, ingredients in food processing, or in the brewing industries (Giraldo et al. 2019). However, pre-and post-harvest colonisation by mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins can occur depending on pre-harvest weather conditions and whether effective drying regimes have been applied for safe storage (Aldred and Magan 2004). Fusarium graminearum is predominantly responsible for...
Introduction Fusarium graminearum is a globally important pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease of cereals worldwide which can be caused by several Fusarium spp. The pathogen has biotrophic and necrotrophic (saprophytic) growth phases [1] that require adaptation to different environments like soils, plant debris, and living plants. The fungus is responsible for yield losses and contamination of the grains with mycotoxins; mainly deoxynivalenol (DON)...
Introduction Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), causing severe epidemics in Brazil, the USA, Canada, China and Europe over recent years [1]. FHB is caused by the Fusarium species of hemibiotrophic fungi, with F. graminearum being the most prevalent worldwide [2]. In wheat, the characteristic symptom of FHB is the bleaching of infected spikelets prior to senescence [3]. This bleaching can spread from the...