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Introduction On August 28, 2021, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) confirmed that African swine fever virus (ASFV) had been diagnosed in the Dominican Republic (https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/news/sa_by_date/sa-2021/asf-confirm). This poses a tremendous threat to the swine industry of the United States (U.S.) given the proximity to the mainland. When ASFV emerged in China, the virus was able to move rapidly and easily throughout the country due to movement...
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Introduction Monogastric feeds are reliant on plant-based protein sources, like corn and soybean. However, increasing demands on these plant-based materials for non-food industries, such as biofuels, is also associated with an increase in the price of these feed ingredients, placing an impetus on the demand for these alternative protein sources (Leiber et al., 2017). Emerging areas of monogastric animal nutrition research include the use of insect meal, microalgae, single cell...
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Introduction The global population is anticipated to reach around 10 billion people by 2050. At the same time the global middle-class is growing significantly particularly in high populous countries such as China and India. The combination of these two factors places significant pressure on global food systems which must be capable of providing food and nutrition security in 2050. The next 30 years are arguably one of the most critical transitions in human history as we approach a...
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Introduction In Canada, barley is rarely fed to young pigs due to its relatively high fibre content that is associated with lower energy and nutrient digestibility (Che et al., 2012). Carbohydrates that are not digested in the small intestine may be fermented in the large intestine, and so provide energy and stimulate gut health (Fouhse et al., 2017). Barley cultivars with increased fermentable carbohydrates may enhance gut health in weaned pigs (Jha et al., 2019). Intestinal...
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Pre- Pelleting Process in Aquafeed Production Josef Barbi (E.S.E. & Intec)
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Basic Role of Feed Formulation Feed formulation is a process by which our knowledge of the nutrition of the animal can be translated into feeding programs which achieve our production objectives. These objectives typically include optimizing growth performance and producing a final carcass that can be converted into safe, healthy and appealing consumer meat products. This must be done in a profitable manner that concurrently contributes to environmental sustainability and animal...
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Introduction Ergot alkaloids (EA) are a group of compounds produced primarily by fungi of the Claviceps and Epichloë spp. Ergot infection has traditionally been associated with grasses and rye, however when conditions are favourable, other important cereals such as wheat, barley, triticale and oats can become infected. The fungus prefers cool, moist conditions during the flowering phase of the host plant and there is evidence that the incidence is increasing. For example, in a...
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One Health - International Rendering Symposium
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Introduction The link between diet and disease transmission has raised concerns that U.S. herds could become infected with foreign pathogens through contaminated feed and feed ingredients originating from countries with endemic disease and lax sanitation and quality assurance procedures. Experimental data has already demonstrated that some feed ingredients, particularly soy-based products, can support the viability of at least three significant viral pathogens of swine (i.e.,...
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Introduction Animal production relies on the supply of nutritious feeds supporting high growth, welfare and health of animals and the production of high-quality products in an environmentally sustainable and profitable manner. With feed cost representing 50 to 80% of the total production cost, feed manufacturers have a very important role in the overall economic viability of animal agriculture enterprises. Animal production involves a complex “nutritional supply...
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Introduction The animal feed manufacturing industry’s main purpose is to recombine different flows of nutrients into safe, nutritious, attractive and handleable feeds which are efficiently converted in animal-sourced food products (meat, eggs, milk). The raw materials harboring these nutrients vary greatly in composition and origin. Raw materials may be co-products sourced more locally from food or biofuel industries whereas others may travel large distances on the globe,...
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In order to increase the performance reproductive sow, premature weaning of piglets has become common practice, generating stress and retarding the postweaning growth of the pigs. The stress generated by separation from the mother, the abrupt change in food, the inclusion of raw vegetative material in the diet, and the poor development of the gastrointestinal tract in piglets result in a disruption of the mucosa integrity and a reduction in the digestion and absorption of nutrients at the...
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Pre- Pelleting Process in Aquafeed Production Josef Barbi (E.S.E. & Intec)
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Protein quality of the soybean meal is the result of amino acid present in the meal and the portion in the bioavailable form to the animals. While intending to utilize the same for monogastric animals, it has to be properly heat processed so as to minimize the anti nutritional effect and thereby increasing the digestibility of amino acids present in the meal. At the same time as known to everyone, it should not be over processed which will decrease the concentration and digestibility of...
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Jim Sutter, CEO - U.S. Soybean Export Council (USSEC), explains how the industry exceeded expectations during the pandemic, and discusses his organization's goals and initiatives for the present and future....
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One Health - International Rendering Symposium
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Mike Persia (Virginia Tech) discusses differences in feeding with fine and coarse particles and their impact on gut health and performance, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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Nelson Ruiz (Nelson Ruiz Nutrition) highlights the relevance of quality parameters in times of scarcity or supply chain issues, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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This past week, there has been an uptick in social media videos and news stories perpetuating false claims about commercial chicken feed and its impact on the availability and price of eggs. To better understand how diet relates to a hen’s egg output, I spoke with our resident animal nutritionist, Paul Davis, Ph.D. Davis has a doctorate in animal nutrition and the added benefit of being able to tap into fellow nutrition experts’ knowledge on the American Feed Industry Association...
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Introduction Early fish development is the most important thing that should be known before producing any seeds, especially in the new cultured species or strain. Generally, early development is divided into egg, larvae and juvenile, whereas mostly fish embryos develop from transparent eggs [1] . According to Kendall et al. [2], the egg stage is divided into early, middle and late subdivisions, which end with blastopore closure, freeing of the tail bud from the yolk, and...
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Pre- Pelleting Process in Aquafeed Production Josef Barbi (E.S.E. & Intec)
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Constance Cullman (AFIA President & CEO) comments on sustainability, as well as supply chain and labor shortage issues, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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Diksha Pokhrel (Mississippi State University) comments on biofilm formation and processing interventions, as well as recommended precautions regarding disinfection, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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One Health - International Rendering Symposium
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Nath Morris (IPPE Executive VP-Expo) comments on the great feedback received in the latest edition, as well as an expanded floorplan for 2024, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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I. INTRODUCTION Broiler diets are formulated on the basis of ideal protein ratios (IPR) where selected amino acid requirements are expressed relative to lysine (100). However, IPR have been developed over decades for standard diets rather than diets with reduced-CP. This has led to the possibility that reduced-CP diets require modified IPR. For this reason, two sets of ratios were evaluated in diets with 210 and 180 g/kg CP in a 2 × 2 factorial design. II....
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