Explore all the information on
Poultry genetics and reproduction
Poultry breeding has been one of the most impactful advances in the last 100 years. The role that improved global production of eggs and poultry meat have in reducing global hunger and food insecurity is difficult to overstate. The vast majority of these improvements have come from genetic selection for improved feed efficiency, along with streamlining of the overall production system, and better understanding of poultry nutrition. While the industrial approach to poultry production has created a highly consistent and dependable food source the world over, several problems threaten the long term sustainability of this model - including musculoskeletal and metabolic disorders, welfare concerns, and the need to adapt to a changing climate. Researchers in poultry breeding and genetics utilize quantitative, population, and molecular genetic techniques to help understand the effects of selection for economically important traits and enhance genetic performance through changes in environment and management strategies.
Introduction In late years, genetic studies on broiler chickens for selection of traits such as high growth rate and larger size of the body shows there is a negative correlation between reproductive traits and increasing yield. So that's in the roosters, physiological disorders like decreased libido, decreased mating numbers and reduced sperm production have increased (Dawkins and Layton, 2012). In addition to the strong negative genetic correlation between productive and...
Comments : 3
Recommendations: 5
1. Introduction Redox biology is a very quickly developing area of modern biological sciences, and roles of redox homeostasis in health and disease have recently received tremendous attention [1–6]. There are a range of redox pairs in cells/tissues responsible for redox homeostasis maintenance/regulation. They include, but are not limited to, NAD+/NADH, NADP+/NADPH, GSSH/GSH (glutathione system), Trxox/Trxred (thioredoxin system), protein thiolsox/protein thiolsred. It is...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 1
Introduction Crossbreeding is a method of genetic improvement [1]. It produces chickens that will be better in different economic traits, such as growth rate, feed efficiency, age at first egg, and carcass characteristics [1,2]. The superiority of crossbreeds over purebreeds in some of the above-mentioned productive and reproductive traits was confirmed by many scholars [3]. Many scholars evaluated the assessment of reciprocal crossbreeds for different breeds in different...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
1. Introduction The Ethiopian indigenous chickens are characterized by slow growth, late maturity and low egg production performance which are estimated at 60 small eggs with thick shells and a deep yellow yolk color (Yami and Dessie, 1997; Niraj et al., 2014). Local chickens kept under the intensive management systems are inferior to exotic stock in health status and they are also slow in rate of feathering and exhibit recurrent outbreaks of disease (Solomon, 2004). Because of...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 1
Avibacterium paragallinarum is the etiologic agent of infectious coryza, an acute respiratory disease of chickens, which is globally distributed and causes serious economic losses in the poultry production industry. It is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, capsulated, facultative anaerobe belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae and is classified in 9 serovars distributed in 3 serogroups (A, B, and C) (1, 2). The study of its genome and virulence factors (hemagglutinin antigen, capsule,...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
Bacterium Avibacterium paragallinarum is the causative agent of infectious coryza. This is an acute respiratory disease of economic significance in poultry and leads to a decrease in egg production and failure or retardation of egg laying [1]. Serological classification of A. paragallinarum is based on the presence of specific hemagglutinins (HAs). A. paragallinarum strains/isolates are traditionally serotyped by means of 2 schemes: the Page scheme, which...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
.jpg&w=3840&q=75)
For the last three decades poultry production worldwide has made tremendous progress in terms of quantity and quality of meat and egg production, including improvement of growth rate and feed conversion rate. However, it has been proven that commercial poultry production is associated with a range of stresses including environmental, technological, nutritional, and internal/biological [1,2]. Indeed, it is practically impossible to avoid stresses, so therefore overproduction of free radicals...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 2
PlusVet Animal Health present the negative effects heat stress layers and breeders on the fertility of layers and breeders....
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 2
.jpg&w=3840&q=75)
"Zinc can play a role in improving not only the reproduction of the breeder but also the livability of the chicken from that egg". Dr. Mercedes Vazquez-Anon, senior director of animal nutrition, Novus International, spoke to Engormix about maternal feeding/epigenetics during IPPE 2020, in Atlanta, USA....
Comments : 2
Recommendations: 5
INTRODUCTION Genetic selection programs emphasizing broiler growth, breast muscle deposition, and feed efficiency traits over the past 30 yr have led to a rate of change that has not slowed (Havenstein et al., 2003a,b). Photostimulation ( PS ) age, feed allocation, and BW profile of the maturing pullet can all effect nutrient partitioning between growth and ovary development (Robinson et al., 2007). Renema et al. (2007b) reported that, as a percentage of BW, Ross 708...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
Effects of Dietary Protein and Balanced Amino Acid Levels on Birds Under Sub-Clinical Necrotic Enteritis Challenge
Suggested link
INTRODUCTION Cool temperature storage of eggs prior to incubation is a frequent practice of commercial broiler hatcheries. However, continued storage beyond 7 d leads to an increase in early embryonic mortality. The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for early embryonic mortality associated with egg storage and means to reduce such mortality has been addressed by several investigators (Fasenko, 2007; Hamidu et al., 2011; Dymond et al., 2013)....
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
1. Introduction Salmonella enterica is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness in the United States and around the world [1,2]. While there are over 2500 serotypes of Salmonella, 20 serotypes, including serotype Infantis, account for most U.S. human infections [3]. Infantis was the sixth most common serotype associated with human infections in 2016 and the fifth most common serotype isolated from chicken products in the U.S. in 2014 [3,4]. Infantis has consistently been...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
Effects of Muco-defen® on Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broilers
Suggested link
In some companies, fertility and hatchability start to decrease during the last weeks of production, for example after 50 weeks, at the same time there is a loss of feathers in the back or there is an overweight of the egg. How can we improve fertility and hatchability in the last phase of production of broiler breeders? To improve fertility and hatchability we must evaluate three important points: (a) management of the roosters, (b) hen feather cover and (c) egg size. ...
Comments : 32
Recommendations: 12
I. INTRODUCTION Using AI, the services of a single superior male can be extended to a large number (more than 250) of females instead of 8 hens (natural mating). AI in avian species expresses better fertility than natural mating (Saeki and Nagomi, 1964, Mohan et al., 2016). AI increases overall fertility and hatchability with reduced cost of production per day old chick (Brillard, 2003). Adopting AI needs fewer males which saves feed, labour, space, maintenance and operating...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
.jpg&w=3840&q=75)
INTRODUCTION Heritage chickens are important for breeders and industry to protect valuable genes and traits over the long term. However, 50% or more of the genetic diversity is absent in commercial pure lines (FAO, 2007; Muir et al., 2008). Therefore, preserving potentially valuable genes by conducting research with heritage breeds is important. Changes in live weight and proportional growth of body components as affected by genotype and environmental factors are defined as...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
New research from North Carolina State University has found that Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production – from farm to grocery shelves – and that two of the most common strains are exchanging...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
Fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdVs) are worldwide-distributed viruses and are the causative agents of the inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in chickens (1). IBH is characterized by hepatic necrosis with microscopic eosinophil or basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and mortality rates around 10% (2). FAdVs have been grouped into five species (FAdV-A to FAdV-E) on the basis of their genome structure and further divided into 12 serotypes (FAdV-1 to -8a and -8b to -11), based on a...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
I. INTRODUCTION The profitability of the egg industry at commercial farm level is influenced by key production traits such as feed consumption, feed efficiency and egg quality. These measures of profitability are primarily controlled by genetics, but are also influenced by environmental factors leading up to the onset of lay and beyond. Consequently, inconsistency in voluntary feed intake and hen body weight can result in variations in feed efficiency, egg production and egg...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
Background Avian influenza (AI) is an infectious viral disease that mainly affects the respiratory or digestive system. The avian influenza viruses (AIV) affect different species of wild and domestic birds [1]. They belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family, having a single stranded RNA genome composed of eight segments that code for more than 11 viral proteins. The Hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA) genes code for the major virus surface glycoproteins [2]. Based on their...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
How did new poultry breed will be released by crossing local chicken with exotic with special emphasis on layer? ...
Comments : 0
Recommendations: 0
