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Swine nutrition
Pigs require a number of essential nutrients to meet their needs for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, and other functions. However, factors such as genetic variation, environment, availability of nutrients in feedstuffs, disease levels, and other stressors may increase the needed level of some nutrients for optimal performance and reproduction.
Swine require six general classes of nutrients: water, carbohydrates, fats, protein (amino acids), minerals, and vitamins. Energy, although not a specific nutrient, is an important nutritional component and is primarily derived from the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats. In addition, amino acids (from protein) that exceed the animal’s requirements for maintenance and tissue protein synthesis provide energy when their carbon skeletons are oxidized. Antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, microbial supplements (prebiotics and probiotics), enzymes, and other feed additives are often added to swine diets to increase the rate and efficiency of gain, to improve digestibility, and for other purposes, but they are not considered nutrients.
Pigs require a more concentrated diet and should be fed a less-fibrous feed than cattle, sheep, or horses. As they grow, their nutritional requirements change and the diet should meet their needs in various phases of growth and stages of production.
Joaquín Paulino (Animal Nutrition Consultant, Precision Animal Nutrition) will be one of the speakers at the Online Course on Pig Farming, organized by the Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga in Perú.
The event will be held on June 25th and 30th, and July 7th. His lecture will be "Modern Nutrition for the Modern Pig".
Other experts that will participate in this event are Carlos Campadabal, Julio Pupa, Fabio Catunda, Fausto Solís,...
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Royal DSM, a global science-based company in Nutrition, Health and Sustainable Living, announces that it has reached agreement to acquire Erber Group for an enterprise value of €980m. The value of the transaction represents an EV/EBITDA multiple of about 14x the 2020 EBITDA (fiscal year ending September 2020). The transaction – which...
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Chr. Hansen Holding A/S has entered into an agreement with the owners of UAS Laboratories LLC (“UAS Labs”) to acquire 100% of the Wisconsin based B2B company specializing in clinically documented probiotics. The acquisition of UAS Labs will further strengthen and expand Chr. Hansen’s global microbial platform and Human Health...
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Introduction Pelleting is a feed processing method shown to improve handling and transportation characteristics of feeds, while reducing ingredient segregation during handling, decreasing dust levels, and improving feed utilization in swine. The use of flat die technology (cold pelleting) has received little attention at this point compared to thermal pelleting for commercial feed applications. Its unique advantage of layout (flat-bed compared to standard ring die) requires only...
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Lost in the Market Uncertainty Caused by the Outbreak
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Background Although selenium (Se) acts as part of hormones and enzymes influencing the activity of all organs and tissues, the major metabolic role of Se in the body is related to selenoproteins and the antioxidant system. However, in embryos, fetuses, and newborns, the synthesis of selenoproteins from Se-methionine (SeMet) is impaired due to the inactivity of cystathionine gamma lyase in the metabolic pathway, in spite of its mRNA expression [1, 2]. This would imply...
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In 2013, Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) a serious disease was an outbreak in Taiwan, resulting in a high mortality rate of born piglets. Nowadays, PED has become a common disease in the pig farm, causes sows reproductive problem and bad rearing piglet result. Although the weaning pig mortality rate caused by the repeatedly outbreak of the PED is lower than the first infection, but it still caused 20-30% of the mortality. Also, it causes serious diarrhea in gestation sows and farrowing...
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Improve survival of young piglets and increase weaning weights with live yeast probiotic
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Joe Crenshaw, Senior Director for Tech Services at APC, reveals the results of a test made in Europe using plasma to feed sows. ...
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We present an efficacy study conducted at the Superior Technical School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystem Engineering, at its Experimental Farm in Catalonia, Spain, where the positive effects of a biosurfactant on the diet of 122 pigs crossing PIC with Pietrain are demonstrated, the duration of the test was 14 weeks and 3 diets were provided per lot. ...
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Joy Campbell (APC) talked about their research on spray-dried plasma and its effects on broiler growth, intestinal permeability and bone mineralization in a heat stress model, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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INTRODUCTION Serious public health and economic issues are related to foodborne pathogens. Many discussions have been raised on the impact of these micro-organisms of food safety in the last decade, among them the role of Salmonella in pork is of major interest (Henao et al ., 2010). Despite technological advances, Salmonella is still an important issue to the pork industry worldwide. Out of the estimated 80.3 million cases of foodborne...
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1. Introduction Animal products and by-products are the only natural source of vitamin B 12 (B 12 ) in human diets. Considering that B 12 is synthesized exclusively by bacteria and archaebacteria (when cobalt is not limiting), ruminant animals (e.g., cows) obtain the vitamin from synthesis by their ruminal microflora. The vitamin is further absorbed and stored in their body, which explain why the tissues and milk of these animals are especially...
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To evaluate the available phosphorus in inorganic P supplements, relative bioavailability of P has been measured, and the values were compared with the values from pigs fed monosodium phosphate or monocalcium phosphate. Although only limited data for the bioavailability of calcium in inorganic supplements had been measured, it was assumed the availability of Ca in most Ca supplements was close to 100%. However, it was demonstrated that values for relative bioavailability of P are...
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Lost in the Market Uncertainty Caused by the Outbreak
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Introduction Lysine is the first limiting amino acid in corn-soybean meal-based diets for pigs during the postweaning period (ROSTAGNO et al., 2011; NRC, 2012), and is commonly used as a reference when estimating the nutritional requirement for other essential amino acids (NEMECHEK et al., 2012). The standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys) requirement of pigs is affected by several factors, such as genotype (TAYLOR et al., 2012), the environmental and sanitary conditions...
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Background In the EU, salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis are the most frequently occurring zoonotic infection in humans. Up to approximately 200 000 human cases are annually reported for each of these infections in the EFSA zoonoses reports since 2004 [1]. Other remaining zoonoses are reported to occur in much lower numbers, approximately: Yersiniosis (9000 cases), VTEC (2900), Listeriosis (1500), Echinococcosis (800), Tricinillosis (800), Brucellosis (500), Tuberculosis...
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Improve survival of young piglets and increase weaning weights with live yeast probiotic
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Introduction Retention of dietary protein to body protein is an inefficient process in pigs. Nitrogen balance studies have shown that nitrogen retention rate (proportion of intake) ranges from 41 - 68% in weaner pigs (Cera et al., 1988), 42 - 56% in grower pigs (Fabian et al., 2004, Otto et al., 2003, Zervas and Zijlstra, 2002), 30 - 46% in finisher pigs (Fabian et al., 2004), and 42 - 52% in sows (Renteria-Flores et al., 2008). These findings, based on the mean values from...
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Conclusions The results of this study support the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota compete with the host for metabolism of readily available nutrients such as supplemented amino acids. Apparent residual (unabsorbed) MHA-FA in the small intestine was significantly greater than that of DL-Met in conventional pigs. Furthermore, a higher radioactivity of methionine in the upper small intestine tissue of pigs fed diets supplemented with DL-Met compared with the...
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Conclusions Supplementation of two graded levels of DL-Met or liquid MHA-FA to a Met-deficient diet significantly improved pig performance during phase 1 and 2 of the study. Compared with MHA-FA, the inclusions of DL-Met seemed to produce a more homogeneous weight gain. The overall growth performance during the 37-day study was not different among the two corresponding Met-supplemented groups, indicating that 100 parts of liquid MHA-FA can be replaced with...
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Introduction
Antibiotics, since their discovery in the 1920s, have played a critical role in contributing to the economic effectiveness of animal production as feed supplements at sub-therapeutic doses, to improve growth and feed conversion efficiency, and to prevent infections [1]. In-feed antibiotics (IFAs) are a common and well-established practice in the animal industry that has contributed to the intensification of modern day livestock production. However, with...
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