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Minerals in swine nutrition
Technical articles, forums, videos and images Minerals and Vitamins for swine diets
Introduction Minerals make up a small but vital percentage of swine diets with profound impacts on animal health, growth performance, feed cost and the general environment. Calcium and phosphorus are the two most abundant minerals in the body, and they exist largely (about 98%) in the form of carbonated hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) in the skeleton (Mahamid et al., 2010). They are required for a wide variety of functions...
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Mike Tokach (Kansas State University) gives recommendations regarding storage time and mixing, in this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Introduction In practice, an optimisation program is used to formulate commercial diets to meet the minimum nutrient constraints in order to minimise feed costs. With phytase, potentially unjustifiable high contributions will result in reduction of safety margins or even lead to nutrient and energy deficiencies with a negative impact on animal performance. When applying values, it is important to understand that it is not possible to compare matrices from different phytases...
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Introduction According to the FAO, livestock is one of the fastest growing sectors of global agricultural production. It is evolving in response to the rapid increase in demand for products of animal origin, especially in developing countries. In developed countries, through intensification practices that have helped increase yields and efficiency while bringing down costs, the demand for livestock products is stagnating and have to face many...
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Complexes or chelates? Generically speaking, the term ‘complex’ can be used to describe the product formed when a metal ion reacts with a bonding group or ligand that contains an atom which has a lone pair of electrons. In the complex, the ligand is bonded to the metal ion through donor atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur. Ligands that contain only one donor atom are termed ‘monodentate’, whilst those that contain two or...
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Introduction All living organisms depend on the continuous supply of available phosphorus (P) sources for a plethora of metabolic processes. Fertilizer and feed phosphates are obtained to a large extent from rock phosphate. This is a non-renewable resource, and the global distribution of rock phosphate reserves is not uniform. Concurrently, P accumulation in areas with high livestock production density may be harmful to the environment. Hence,...
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Animal feed organic trace minerals play a crucial role in a variety of cattle functions, including digestion, immunity, reproduction, and overall growth. Lack of nutrition in animal feed and concerns related to cattle health are driving the demand for sustainable animal feed. Organic trace minerals for cattle are considered superior to inorganic trace minerals as they provide enhanced gut absorption and bioavailability.
As per the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization...
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Introduction Phytases of bacterial origin are the exogenous enzymes most widely used in the diets of monogastric animals, acting on the hydrolysis of phytate (myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis [dihydrogen] phosphate) to release the phosphate from this complex [1,2]. Phytases are commonly developed by means of genetic engineering [3], such as phytase from Escherichia coli expressed in Trichoderma reesei and phytase from Citrobacter braakii expressed in Aspergillus oryzae [2]. They...
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NEW POLICIES AND ACTIONS
"Dual control of energy consumption" has become a crucial driving force for the contradiction between supply and demand of the veterinary APIs market. On Sep 16, the state planning agency published new policy...
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This virtual seminar will take place via Zoom meetings in four days (20, 27, 29, and 30th of September, 2021), from 16:00 to 18:30 (Spain time). All the conferences will be given in English and there will be simultaneous translation to Spanish. The seminar will...
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Feed oxidation: What are the dangers? In pig diets, various sources of lipids are added to increase caloric density, provide essential fatty acids, improve feed palatability, improve pellet quality, and reduce dust (Keer et al., 2015). Some of the feed ingredients...
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Introduction Trace minerals are essential elements in the maintenance of life for man and animal. However, what is not well understood or appreciated is how absorption and retention of these minerals can affect animal and human wellbeing, psychological status, health, and performance. While required in small amounts, just milligrams per day, trace minerals play critical roles as catalytic, regulatory, and structural components in multiple enzyme and...
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The Pasteurellaceae family and its importance in pig production The Pasteurellaceae family is comprised of a group of Gram-negative coccobacilli bacteria that inhabit the respiratory, oral or gastrointestinal tracts of different animal species and can cause a wide range of infectious diseases in animals and humans. The family includes at least three important and well-characterized bacterial genera; namely, Pasteurella ,...
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Background and objectives The therapeutic use of zinc oxide in high doses (e.g. 2,500 ppm Zn) has yet demonstrated beneficial effects on growth performance in piglets as well as the prevention of post-weaning diarrhea. The precise mode of action is still not known, but recent results indicate that the zinc-ions affect the gastrointestinal milieu and thus prevent the adhesion of pathogens. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of MiaTrace Zn, which...
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Introduction Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are the two most abundant minerals in the body of the pig and are required for many important physiological functions (Oster et al., 2016). The vast majority of Ca—about 99%—is not only present in skeletal tissues (Nielson, 1972), but it also fulfills other very important roles involving blood clotting, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contractility, and fluid balance, to name a few (Pravina et al., 2013). In contrast,...
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