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Dairy cattle - Management practices
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Dairy farmers are always looking for ways to boost efficiency in their operation. This especially holds true in the milking parlor. Installing new technology or hiring an extra hand is one way to increase efficiency, but it can also cost producers a pretty penny. Think about the environment of the parlor itself. Is your parlor a place...
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Calves can maintain body temperature within a certain range of temperatures called the thermoneutral zone without the need for additional energy. When temperatures drop below the critical low temperature (lower of 10°C), calves must use stored body energy to support essential body functions and maintain their body temperature. ...
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Introduction The major challenge in livestock farming worldwide is to increase and improve production while limiting environmental impact and competition for resources for human consumption. Ruminants are key to food security as they convert forages, not directly usable by monogastric animals and humans, into animal products for human food. They supply 51% of all protein with respectively 67% and 33% from milk and meat (Gerber et al., 2013). However, ruminant livestock...
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INTRODUCTION Despite the growing concern for animal welfare, pain control in farm animals is still neglected (CANOZZI et al., 2020; HEWSON et al., 2007; HUXLEY & WHAY, 2006; LORENA et al., 2013). Until recently, this was partly due to the lack of precise instruments to assess pain (DOCKWEILER et al., 2013). In cattle, several zootechnical practices culminate in acute perioperative pain that can become chronic or neuropathic if preventive measures are not taken. The most...
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We are sciencing the global food challenge - Because it's all about life | Evonik
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Increasing the level of nutrition provided to dairy calves in the first weeks of life has resulted in several benefits such as decreased morbidity and mortality, faster recovery from disease, decreased age at first calving, improved mammary development, and increased milk production as an adult. What causes abomasal...
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Calves require supplemental water early in life to support hydration, health, early grain intake, rumen development, and body growth. Supplying body water by feeding milk or milk substitute is not enough to optimize these performance factors. The rumen needs a separate source of pure water to feed the fermentation process that makes the rumen grow. ...
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In a previous article published some years ago here, dealing with cooling project that I accompanied in northern Mexico, I described the results from the first and second years of its implementation. The data were presented in a limited way, for a series of dairy farms belonging to the "Alpura" dairy cooperative, located in the warm regions of northern Mexico and characterized by long summer months, with extreme heat load conditions for dairy cows. These farms are mainly large and...
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Introduction In India, current milk production is 163.7 million tones (DADF Annual Report, 2016-2017) Health and welfare of dairy animals is vital to ensure their longevity and long term productivity, to intensify the production, animal production systems are becoming highly mechanized. In recent years, efforts have been undertaken to improve welfare and overall-health of dairy cows by providing a higher level of comfort regarding the housing environment. Housing system...
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In a previous article that I recently published, I dealt with the importance of drinking water and water for cooling the cows, when dealing with the summer heat. In this article, I would like to deal with another factor that I see as very important in the above-mentioned confrontation, and it is shade, or in other words, preventing the exposure of cows to direct and indirect solar radiation in the summer. Why is it important to protect cows from solar radiation in the summer? To...
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I would like to open a discussion on the top breed(s) of goat for dairy production suitable for hot/dry climates.
Moreover, how to best source these breeds to guarantee the right genes for dairy production....
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We are sciencing the global food challenge - Because it's all about life | Evonik
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Introduction Milk production losses in summer months are generally related to the negative impact of heat stress on cows in lactation and late gestation stages. In the last 4 decades, several studies have been carried out in different parts of the world to mitigate heat through the implementation of cooling systems. In recently published articles, the different benefits achieved by properly implementing these means were presented. Among these benefits can be seen those related...
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Introduction Automation can be defined as technology that allows for a process to be performed automatically, with minimal human input. The adoption and use of automation in the dairy industry has grown dramatically in the past decade. Much of the automation adopted has been associated with milking and other aspects of barn management. There is also growing interest and adoption of automation in feeding of dairy cattle. Specifically, the use of automation in feeding of lactating...
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Introduction Biological rhythms are repeating patterns that are driven by time-keeping mechanisms within the animal and are adaptive as they coordinate physiology and metabolism with the external environment. The dairy cow has a well-recognized natural daily pattern of feed intake and milk synthesis and an annual rhythm of milk composition, but regulation of these rhythms has not been well described in the literature or well considered in current dairy management. We commonly...
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The dairy industry is important for economic and food security in most countries of the world. Millions of producers around the world raise about 280 million dairy cows and produce close to a billion tons of milk a year. Global economic expansion in the last fifty years is reflected in lifestyle changes in many countries, which are also reflected in the increase in demand for milk and its products, and this is especially true for “emerging countries”. Global milk consumption is...
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The key to managing your herd through heat stress is being ready for it. Watching the weather forecast to understand the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) is the first step in managing heat stress. The color-coded chart and tips list can help you keep your cows comfortable during summer heat. It’s important to provide fresh, cool water (70-86 degrees F.) during times of heat stress so cows can drink enough to hydrate and cool their bodies. Ruminants can drink more than double the...
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The summer of 2020 will be remembered as one of the hottest summers in Israel in decades. The summer heated many agricultural sectors, including the dairy industry. Beyond high heat load conditions throughout the summer, two unusual heat waves stood out in particular. The first heat wave was in May and the second in early September, as can be seen in fig 1. Fig. 1 – average daily milk production (kg) per cow in Israel in 2020. (blue line 2019, red...
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We are sciencing the global food challenge - Because it's all about life | Evonik
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In a previous article I published here, I presented the different opinions that exist about the causes of global warming in recent decades, and I also brought to the attention of readers the opinion of researchers who deny that human activity in the last 150 years is the main cause for it. According to these researchers, global warming is part of a million-year-old cyclical...
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Introduction The knowledge of living conditions are needed to give farmers the information they need to evaluate management practices and determine which technological system provides the high level of a farm animal welfare as a prerequisite for health of animals. The high level of the environmental hygiene in stables and biosecurity on the farm is the first step to the health of the animal and the background for the high level of productivity. Good management...
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