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Dairy cattle - Management practices
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Introduction Despite many advances in our knowledge of calf management, the dairy industry continues to be challenged with finding ways to raise replacement dairy heifer calves in such a manner that not only optimizes health, growth, and efficiency, but also is best for their welfare. This paper will identify some of those welfare challenges and how we can use knowledge of replacement dairy calf behavior to identify housing and feeding programs that optimize growth, health, and...
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As this is written (Winter, 2012) feed prices continue to hover around historic highs and although milk prices have risen they have not kept pace with the increases in feed costs. Feed costs are usually the largest single expense on a dairy farm and with well-above average feed costs, the feeding management and nutrition of the dairy herd must be scrutinized now more than ever. ...
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Introduction The challenge of the contemporary production of agricultural products is intrinsically linked to optimizing processes and production costs. Ensuring thermal comfort, considering that the intense incidence of solar radiation and the high temperatures observed practically throughout the year in the Brazilian semiarid region can cause stress, causing the animals to decline in production, can increase animal production (Leitão et al., 2013). Therefore,...
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Sustainable livestock production is fundamental to economies across South America, so how can the industry improve its environmental impact, and integrate animal health, food safety and security for better planetary and human health? To answer this question, nine cutting-edge regional animal agtech start-ups will pitch their innovative technologies at the virtual Animal AgTech South America Summit on June 30-July 1.
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1. Introduction Goat production in Chile is carried out by poor small-scale farmers in semi-arid to arid agricultural conditions [1]. Milk and cheese are the main products obtained using artisanal, cultural and traditionally preserved methods where women and children are usually in charge of production [2]. The products are directly consumed by the family or sold to by-passers at good prices [3]. These production systems are similar in goat production around the world,...
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Introduction
Milk is one of the most important foods of human beings and is recognized globally as a complete diet due to presence of essential components required for human health. India has a good number of dairy animal populations which plays an important role in economy of the country. India continues to be the largest producer of milk in the world (19% of the world’s total milk production) with annual milk production of 176 million tons in 2017-18(BAHS,...
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This article presents the results of a "cow cooling project", in northern Mexico, characterized by long hot and dry summer months, with the extreme conditions of heat stress in dairy cows. The farms where the cooling project took place are considered as large scale dairy farms, with high-yielding cows from the Holstein breed. The dairy farmers are aware of the existence of a negative effect on the indices of summer production, reproduction and health of the cows and the economic losses...
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INTRODUCTION Grazed pasture soils are a potential source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) due to elevated inorganic N pools. N 2 O is the dominant source of microbial denitrification, and under suitable conditions, N 2 O may be reduced in the soil to the environmentally harmless di-nitrogen gas (N 2 ). One of the key nitrogen (N) sources is urine deposited from grazing animals. The loading rate of N in a cow urine patch is determined by the dietary N...
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INTRODUCTION Raising healthy calves is the foundation for a sustainable and profitable dairy herd. Dam nutrition during the last trimester, calving supervision/assistance, maternity facilities hygiene, umbilical care of calves, colostrum management, and calf nutrition are important factors that impact calf development and health (Lorenz et al., 2011). Calf mortality of 5% or less has been suggested as target for calfrearing operations (Lanuza, 2006). In Chile, however, there is...
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Over the past two decades research in milking management has focused on decreasing the time that units are attached to cows by researching optimal teat stimulation and prep-lag time, pulsation ratios and liner compression and raising automatic take-off settings.
Optimal teat stimulation and prep lag time
Prep Lag time is the time from the start of teat stimulation, to milking unit attachment.
Nearly 50 years ago (1980) Ram Sagi achieved, a higher milk...
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INTRODUCTION Producing food from farmed animals is a large and very complex process that occurs in integrated networks made up of many individual animal producers, supporting businesses (veterinarians, feed suppliers, animal haulers, animal marketers, etc.), and processors (slaughter plants) (1–4). Farmed animal food has many names including Agri-Food systems, food animal value chains, food supply chains, livestock production systems, and others. For simplicity...
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Henry Berger (Global Head of Strategic Partnerships & Pipeline Innovation Integrated Health Management, Boehringer Ingelheim) speaks about his upcoming presentation at the Animal AgTech Innovation Summit 2021 on March 8, and also discusses the changes in the industry during the pandemic....
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In recent years, adjustments to the production costs in the dairy industry becomes crucial in light of current circumstances. There has been a continuous reduction in profit margins and increasing instability in this industry. Each stage in the production process requires maximum efficiency from both professional and economic points of view. The calf rearing stage is an integral part of the dairy business, and takes large part in determining the future quality of a dairy herd.
A...
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Nowadays that pandemic is of actuality some epidemiology lessons can be extracted to understand lameness prevention. To address lameness prevention in an academic way we must follow the basis of preventative medicine stablished by Wirchow based on 3 steps: There are 3 level of prevention: 1 Avoid disease appearance 2 Minimize clinical expression 3 Treat clinical cases to minimize severity Level 1 Starts since the decision of...
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Q: What are the main consequences of heat stress? A: Regarding milk production, there are different factors, not just volume, but also fat content and protein in the milk and quality of the milk;...
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Cooling means to reduce heat stress from cows have been developed over the last four decades in Israel and around the world, and are applied to a different degree of success in many farms in the world. Cooling cows in the farm is based largely on the daily routine, which includes cooling the cows in the waiting yards before and between milking sessions, as well as in the feeding line, around feeding time. In farms with robotic milking, there are no milking hours defined, and each...
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1. Data The dataset in this article describes the new water footprint for animal products in fifteen countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Fig. 1 presents the methodology for calculating the local and imported green, blue, and grey water footprint of animal products. Fig. 2 shows the weighted average water footprint (WF) of feed items disaggregated by source (local and imported fractions), and by type (green, blue, and greywater). Fig. 3 shows the WF of an animal...
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