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Dairy cattle - Management practices
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CANADA TERRITORY Canada, located in North America, has an area of 9,984,670 km2, making it the second-largest country in the world. It has a population of 41,651,653 people and maintains a very low population density of 4 in habitants per km². Its capital is Ottawa (1). Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, the...
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Introduction The Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) is a regional integration process initially established by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Bolivia and Venezuela joined later. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is suspended from all rights and obligations inherent to its status as a State Party to MERCOSUR, in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 5 of the Ushuaia Protocol. (Mercosur, 2025). (Figure 1) ...
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The history According to Marco Zava, in 1964 the first 40 to 50 buf faloes from Corumbá, Brazil were brought to Bolivia and they were exemplary crosses of Mediterranean breeds with Jafarabadi and Murrah. They were taken to the Becerra ranch, near Trinidad, capital of the Department of Beni, a low-lying area that remains flooded six months ...
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Abstract The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) was introduced in Panama in 1970 as imported from Trinidad and Tobago. The tendency of water buffalo production in Panama was irregular in the following 40 years. In fact, the national agricultural census officially declared a population of 2,401 buffaloes and 90 producers in Panama at the year 2011. There have been some recent advances combining the government, water buffalo producers, the National Uni versity Austral of the Chaco...
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Abstract The buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is currently found on all continents. It had its origin in Asia and data on its existence as a domestic animal has been recorded for 4,500 years, in the region occupied today by India and Pakistan. From Asia, it was taken to Africa, then to Europe, to Oceania and later to America (Nascimento, 1993). The American continent currently has 35 countries (Países de América, 2022). The buffalo arrived in the Americas in 1880 but it...
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INTRODUCTION The Republic of Paraguay is located in South America, in the south center of the South American continent, with an area of 406,752 km2, neighboring with Bolivia and Brazil to the north; with Bolivia and Argentina to the west; with Argentina to the south; and with Argentina and Brazil to the east. Its climate is tropical to subtropical with abundant although seasonal rainfall. The country is divided in two major regions: the western “Chaco” and the...
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Introduction Extensive livestock farming is an animal production system characterized by the use of large land areas to raise livestock, allowing animals to move freely within their habitat, express natural behaviors, and feed mainly on natural pasture. In Spain, extensive livestock farming has played an important role in various regions, particularly in those with vast grasslands and mountainous areas (Montserrat & Fillat, 2004). There is broad consensus on the...
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Traceability is no longer an option it is a strategic necessity in the global agri-food market. As consumers demand transparency, governments tighten health regulations, and exports require digital certification, technologies like Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerge as critical tools for...
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The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in agribusiness has evolved from a futuristic concept into a measurable reality that drives cost reduction, operational efficiency, and production resilience. For agribusiness and livestock executives, AI...
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Cristabel Huerta (Hato Lighting) talks about the effects of lighting in milk production ...
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Technical Advances in Vitamin Physical Properties and Premix Performance
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Don’t miss the opportunity to register for this top animal nutrition event featuring leading-edge research, applied science, student-led progress and national collaboration
Ottawa, ONTARIO — As the ...
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Smart Agriculture and Livestock: A Data-Driven Revolution Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming operational decision-making by providing predictive analytics based on vast volumes of data. Technologies such as IoT sensors, drones, satellites, and thermal cameras are already generating...
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Boosting Dairy Cow Performance: The Story Behind a Natural Nutritional Solution
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Background This brief paper is focused on the production of milk on dairy farms in North America and elsewhere, and how this is influenced by management and scale of farms and dairy enterprises. Projections of how dairy farming may change by 2050 have been forecast (Britt et al. 2018 and Britt et al. 2021). Dairy programs differ significantly between the USA and Canada, but it is not an intent of the author to say what is best, but rather to focus on systems that affect stability and...
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Heat stress poses a significant challenge for dairy cows, particularly in warm climates, as it hampers their physiology, behavior, and milk production. A study carried out in Hungary and published recently (Journal of Thermal Biology 135, 2026) investigated the effect of increasing barn wind speed by using modern fans on cows' behavior and performance. The research took place in a large-scale dairy farm (1000 cows), with high yielding cows (average daily milk production above 50...
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FIGAP 2026: The Scientific And Technological Exhibition Of The Livestock Industry
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Introduction Milk yield of a dairy cow depends on four main factors: (a) genetic ability; (b) feeding program; (c) herd management; and (d) health. As cows continue to improve genetically, we must also improve nutrition and management to allow the cow to produce to her inherited potential. A good dairy feeding program must consider the quantity fed, the suitability of the feed and how and when the feeds are offered. Dry Matter...
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Introduction Despite many advances in our knowledge of calf management, the dairy industry continues to be challenged with finding ways to raise replacement dairy heifer calves in such a manner that not only optimizes health, growth, and efficiency, but also is best for their welfare. This paper will identify some of those welfare challenges and how we can use knowledge of replacement dairy calf behavior to identify housing and feeding programs that optimize growth, health, and...
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The aim was to identify the best of four shade systems based on the physiological and productive responses of Bos taurus bulls in a subtropical climate. A total of 804 bulls from Bos taurus, Bos indicus, and their crosses were randomly allotted to 12 pens (n=67 bulls/pen), which were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (3 pens/treatment): (1) Conventional shade (CSS), (2) double shade (DSH), (3) dome without fans (DNF), and (4) dome with fans (DWF). Five Bos taurus bulls per pen were...
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There is no question that the ongoing narrative concerning climate change and various “man-induced” gas emissions (including ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) includes dairy production. While many producers (and others involved in agriculture) may not agree with the significance or level of gas contributions of agriculture to the total production, that disagreement may be somewhat irrelevant. The discussion, social media uproar, political activism and...
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Compensatory growth (CG) is the accelerated gain observed when cattle that have experienced a period of feed restriction are returned to an adequate plane of nutrition. This response, well documented in ruminant production systems, is reinforced by a series of metabolic, hormonal, and tissue-level adjustments that allow animals to recover lost growth potential partially or fully. During restriction, animals reduce basal metabolic rate and shrink energetically demanding organs such as...
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A relatively long heat wave swept through Israel and the Middle East region in mid-August 2025. As expected, reports were received from various regions of the country of a significant decrease in milk yield per cow. A previous review published on the association's website characterized the decrease in milk production following the heat wave. The purpose of the current article is to examine the effect of the increase in cows' heat load during the heat wave period and after it ended,...
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