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Dairy cattle - Management practices
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Introduction The metabolic cages are used to study the metabolism of feeds in the animal. Metabolic trials are conducted to collect the feces, urine and feeds residue using precisely for analysis nutrients intake, digestibility, nitrogen and mineral balance. It is generally conducted in confined shed/shelter with underground place for urine collection. It is observed that due to movement of animal urine collection pipes comes out of the drum resulting in loss of urine. In this...
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INTRODUCTION Early detection of mastitis is considered to be the best method to allow the cows the best chance for prompt recovery. Most farms base mastitis detection on visualization of clinical signs such as swollen quarters or altered milk. However, on large farms that have hired workers for milking it may prove challenging to have good mastitis detection. Therefore, new technologies are being constantly tested to automatically detect mastitis in the milking...
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INTRODUCTION Milk conductivity has been evaluated for mastitis detection in the past without a clear picture of how it works. The information shown in this descriptive study shows the normal variation that occurs throughout the lactation in dairy cows. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from different farms was used for this study. All farms had milk meters equipped with conductivity probes (Afimilk, Israel). Cows were automatically...
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Throughout 2022, the Animal Nutrition & Health team intensified the focus on helping global agriculture meet the challenge of feeding an ever-growing population, sustainably. And that challenge will only be met with a commitment to improving...
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Baby It's Hot In Here - Heat Stress and Late Gestation Cows by Dr. Geoff Dahl, University of Florida
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The Historical use of Models in Animal Agriculture Models of all types have a strong history of application in animal production, where their objectives have typically revolved around optimally feeding and growing livestock. For ~50 years, mathematical models have been assisting researchers, nutritionists and producers with decision making on various aspects of livestock production. A typical trajectory for model development has been (1) the execution of experiments to...
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Introduction Ruminants play a crucial role in food security. They supply 51% of all protein from the livestock sector; of which 67 and 33% are from milk and meat, respectively (Gerber et al., 2013). For many populations, livestock is a primary source of nutrition, and not simply a source of calories. Ruminants have the digestive particularity of being able to digest fibrous material (i.e., forages, agro-industrial by-products and crop residues) that is not edible to humans, and...
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AMINODat® 6.0 The most extensive web-based database for animal nutritionists
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Introduction Governments, the private sector, and consumers are increasingly aware of the potential impacts of elevated greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere and their impacts on climate change. All segments of society are challenged with reducing GHG emissions to limit global warming to 1.5◦ C above pre-industrial levels by 2050. While no government legislation or carbon tax has been imposed on livestock emissions in Canada, there is increasing pressure on the...
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Introduction Climate change is a global issue that requires comprehensive and far-reaching solutions across all economic and demographic jurisdictions. The Paris Climate Agreement, adopted in 2015, sets out a global framework to address harmful climate impacts by limiting additional global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius (°C) (1.5 °C goal). The accord recognizes regional differences and the need for specific actions across all jurisdictions, including developed...
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In mid-June this year, I realized a professional visit to Spain, where I lectured at a national conference organized by one of the country’s most popular dairy newspaper, Vaca Pinta, followed by a week of lecturing and consultancy for large scale dairy farms with MSD, realized in different regions of Spain. Among the visited regions were Talavera, south of Madrid, Galicia, in the northwest of the country, in the Atlantic coast and then the regions close to the cities of Girona and...
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Israel is located in the eastern basin of the Mediterranean Sea and is characterized by a subtropical climate. Summer lasts from June to October and is characterized in most regions of the country by high temperatures and humidity at all hours of the day, but no rain at all. The Israeli dairy industry has about 120,000 cows that produce close to 1.5 billion liters per year. The annual milk yield per cow is the highest in the world and stood at more than 12,000 liters in 2021. The...
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Baby It's Hot In Here - Heat Stress and Late Gestation Cows by Dr. Geoff Dahl, University of Florida
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This article is written at the end of July, the hottest part of the year here in Israel, when every return home from abroad is first accompanied by going to the fridge to drink a lot of cold water. I decided that this is the right time to write about the importance of water in the dairy farm, especially for those located in warm regions. The issue of water in the dairy farm is an essential element in achieving milk yield, production efficiency and high profitability, especially in the warm...
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An increase in the velocity of air, at a temperature lower than the surface temperature of the animal, has the potential to increase the sensible heat loss of the animal. An augmentation in air velocity will shift the upper critical temperature upwards. An effective ventilation system to reduce heat stress should emphasize the production of high air speed as much as the commonly accepted goal of reducing ambient temperature. Increasing the air velocity lowers the effective temperature...
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Introduction Lucerne is the main grazed forage of Argentina. However, there is a large yield and consumption gap on most dairy and beef farms. Jáuregui et al. (2019) indicated that < 5 t ha -1 are consumed on average on dairy farms. There is potential to close the gap by increased grazing frequency, particularly during periods of high growth such as spring (Jáuregui et al., 2022). However, the long-term effects of such management on lucerne persistence...
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Dairy farmers are always looking for ways to boost efficiency in their operation. This especially holds true in the milking parlor. Installing new technology or hiring an extra hand is one way to increase efficiency, but it can also cost producers a pretty penny. Think about the environment of the parlor itself. Is your parlor a place...
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Calves can maintain body temperature within a certain range of temperatures called the thermoneutral zone without the need for additional energy. When temperatures drop below the critical low temperature (lower of 10°C), calves must use stored body energy to support essential body functions and maintain their body temperature. ...
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Baby It's Hot In Here - Heat Stress and Late Gestation Cows by Dr. Geoff Dahl, University of Florida
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Introduction The major challenge in livestock farming worldwide is to increase and improve production while limiting environmental impact and competition for resources for human consumption. Ruminants are key to food security as they convert forages, not directly usable by monogastric animals and humans, into animal products for human food. They supply 51% of all protein with respectively 67% and 33% from milk and meat (Gerber et al., 2013). However, ruminant livestock...
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INTRODUCTION Despite the growing concern for animal welfare, pain control in farm animals is still neglected (CANOZZI et al., 2020; HEWSON et al., 2007; HUXLEY & WHAY, 2006; LORENA et al., 2013). Until recently, this was partly due to the lack of precise instruments to assess pain (DOCKWEILER et al., 2013). In cattle, several zootechnical practices culminate in acute perioperative pain that can become chronic or neuropathic if preventive measures are not taken. The most...
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