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Fiber in poultry nutrition
Dietary fiber (DF) was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient digestibility. However, with increasing evidence, scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, digestive physiology, including nutrient digestion, fermentation, and absorption processes of poultry. It may help maintain the small and large intestine’s integrity by strengthening mucosal structure and functions and increasing the population and diversity of commensal bacteria in the GIT. DF is composed of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), oligosaccharides, and lignin that scape digestion and enzymatic hydrolysis. Increasing DF content benefits digestive physiology by stimulating GIT development and enzyme production. And the inclusion of fiber at a moderate level in diets also alters poultry growth performance. It improves gut health by modulating beneficial microbiota in the large intestine and enhancing immune functions.
Introduction Wheat, maize and sorghum are the three most commonly used grains in the poultry industry worldwide (Liu et al., 2014). These cereal grains usually constitute a major proportion (60 - 70%) of the diet fed to broilers (Black et al., 2005). Although cereals represent a major source of energy for birds, there are wide variations in the energy and nutrient content of different species and cultivars of cereals (Choct & Hughes, 1999). Specifically, wheat is perceived...
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Introduction Choice feeding based on grain has been considered for economic and health reasons in poultry feeding (Forbes and Covasa, 1995; Erener et al., 2006; Amerah and Ravindran, 2008; Gabriel et al., 2008). When whole or ground grains were given to chicks, many handling procedures are eliminated. Acceptable growth rate can be achieved when poultry allowed free access both basal diet and grain cereals such as wheat...
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I. INTRODUCTION Phytase supplementation of broiler diets is a routine practice and is used primarily to liberate the P component (282 g/kg) of the phytate molecule (myo-inositol hexaphosphate; IP6). Phytase also generates ‘extra-phosphoric’ responses because phytate interacts with protein, starch, fat, calcium and trace minerals but these responses are less well understood and accepted (Selle and Ravindran,...
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I. INTRODUCTION Exogenous xylanase has been routinely added to non-ruminant diets for more than 20 years. In diets based on cereals such as wheat and rye, the mechanism of action is likely to centre on viscosity reduction and improved diffusion of nutrients in the intestine. Though this mechanism is almost certainly involved, interactions with fats and a reduction in the presence of bacteria in the small intestine following xylanase addition, may...
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Summary A trial was conducted to test the following hypothesis; broiler exposure to coarse insoluble fibre in the diet or litter will result in enhanced gizzard function and performance, improved adaptability to an intermittent feeding program and an increase in the occurrence of reverse peristalsis. Ross 308 broiler chickens were either intermittent or ad libitum fed a basal diet, a basal diet diluted with 15 % coarse hulls (barley and oats) or a basal diet...
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One battery study was conducted to evaluate effect of a synthetic 1:1 thymol carvacrol blend (NEXT ENHANCE® 150) on growth performance and gut health of broilers fed rye wheat based diet and challenged with mixed species of Eimeria on day 0. A rye wheat and soybean meal based diet was formulated to meet or exceed nutrient requirements of broilers. To this basal diet, the essential oil blend was added at 0, 30, 60, or 120...
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Based on the actual knowledge in terms of crude fibre several other products, especially grains can be used as raw materials for layer feed and will contribute to decrease costs in a high volatile raw material market with varying availability of raw materials as such. ...
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The qualitative properties of the meat are of major importance for poultry breeding, since meat is now widely consumed as cuts or as processed products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of several breast meat quality traits and their genetic relationships with muscle characteristics in a heavy commercial line of broilers. Results Significant levels of heritability (averaging 0.3) were obtained for breast meat quality traits such as pH at 15...
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Life Rainbow
Effects of Muco-defen® on Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broilers
The small intestine employs the bird’s own enzymes to effect digestion then rapidly captures resulting nutrients at its expansive surface. Small intestinal recovery is heavily dependent on convection driven by motility to minimize microbial use. Conversely, the large intestine subsequently employs an extensive symbiotic microbial population to finalize nutrient recovery before voiding waste. Motility in the large intestine is largely involved in segregating fiber sensitive to...
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THE WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1998 IN MARYLAND During the summer of 1997 the state of Maryland experienced outbreaks of Pfiesteria in several of its rivers and tributaries. These dinoflagellate microorganisms were implicated in several fish kills that closed affected rivers to fishing and tourism. Similar outbreaks were experienced in North Carolina and other east coast areas, and although not proven there was thought to be a link between these outbreaks and nutrient...
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