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Coccidiosis in poultry
Coccidiosis is a protozoal disease causing diarrhea, ,weight loss and decreased production in poultry. It can be fatal. Prevention is key and is achieved with use of anticoccidials or vaccination. Diagnosis is by fecal flotation to detect oocysts, often in combination with characteristic necropsy findings. Coccidiosis is caused by protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa, family Eimeriidae. Most species affecting poultry belong to the genus Eimeria and infect various intestinal sites. The disease course is rapid (4–7 days) and is characterized by parasite replication in host cells with extensive damage to intestinal mucosa. Coccidia in poultry are generally host-specific, and the different species infect specific portions of the intestine. However, in game birds, including quail, the coccidia may infect the entire intestinal tract. In poultry, game birds reared in captivity, and wild birds, coccidiosis occurs worldwide.
Dietary alfalfa may improve broiler growth, but fiber inclusion may be detrimental during coccidiosis challenge.
Alfalfa is a source of health-promoting bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) that may offer several benefits to the poultry industry by direct action or by influencing the microbial communities in chickens.
Iowa State University researchers recently examined the role late-cutting alfalfa — either as ground hay or a lipid-soluble extract — may have on...
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Enzymes have shown promising effects on performance and intestinal health in broilers (Toghyani et al., 2022). However, the dosage effect of enzymes and combination of different enzymes have not been extensively evaluated under the coccidial vaccine challenge condition. Therefore, a feeding study was conducted to examine the effect of dosage of xylanase+glucanase and the effect of its combination with a high level of phytase on growth performance, health, and welfare of broilers under a mild...
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May 14, 2024
Canada - Manitoba - Winnipeg
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is often induced in broilers after getting infected with coccidiosis. However, not all sources of Eimeria, as a causative agent of coccidiosis, can successfully induce NE. This study was conducted to assess whether different doses of Eimeria combinations predispose broiler chickens to NE, compared with the NE challenge model used at UNE. A total of 768 d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were assigned to 48 floor pens each stocked with 16 birds replicated 6 times per...
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Coccidiosis is a disease with substantial economic impact (Muthamilselvan et al., 2016), particularly due to the push to ban anticoccidials. Vaccines are available but can be expensive, and are often implemented for free range and breeder flocks only. Thus, it is imperative to find effective nutritional alternatives to reduce the impact of coccidiosis on broiler chickens. The aim of this experiment was to determine if the nutritional strategies of post-pellet whole wheat (WW),...
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Greg Mathis (Southern Poultry Feed & Research) comments on how some companies have gone back to ionophores, while there is still a broad spectrum of options in the industry, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Deependra Paneru (University of Georgia) speaks on how mycotoxins in the feed impact growth performance and impair the recovery of the pullets infected with coccidiosis, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Deependra Paneru (University of Georgia) An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of subclinical mycotoxin exposure on the growth performance and immune cell dynamics in pullets exposed to coccidiosis. Using a 2x2 factorial design, a total of 288 four-week-old Hy-Line W36 pullets were randomly allocated to four treatment groups, each containing six replicated cages with 12 birds. The experimental groups were exposed to either...
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Vijay Durairaj (Huvepharma) Turkey coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria species. Seven Eimeria species are recognized in turkeys of which three are considered highly pathogenic and predominant. Objective: The objective of this presentation is to provide an overview of the pathological lesions of turkey coccidiosis for field vets, techs, supervisors, and turkey growers. Application of advanced molecular diagnostic tools, such as PCR and...
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Vijay Durairaj (Huvepharma) provides an overview of the pathological lesions of turkey coccidiosis, and comments on the application of advanced molecular diagnostic tools, such as PCR and sequencing, in this interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Mohammed el Amine Benarbia (NOR-FEED) speaks on the characteristics of saponins and the results of his research presented at IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Héctor Leyva-Jiménez (United Animal Health) talks about a technology to process pathogen profiles to identify coinfections and help make better decisions on the farm, in this interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Amine Benarbia (NOR-FEED) Eimeria spp. completes its life cycle within the host’s gastrointestinal tract. its reproduction has been known to damage enterocytes, leading to decreased growth performance and welfare in chickens. Controlling the reproduction cycle and limiting oocyst excretion could explain the observed efficacy of steroidal saponin-based standardized premixture -Norponin XO- (NPXO) supplementation in chicken. The objective of this...
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Coccidiosis is a disease caused by Eimeria spp. and causes a negative economic impact on the poultry industry, inducing global losses over 2.4 billion dollars annually (1). Specific Eimeria spp. identified in poultry includes E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. necatrix, E. praecox, E. mitis, E. tenella, E. mivatti, and E. hagani (2). Eimeria spp. colonize in the intestine from duodenum to ceca, leading to inflammation, hemorrhaging, and diarrhea. Damaged intestine caused by...
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The objective of the study was to evaluate tryptophan’s functionally essential role in regulating performance, intestinal inflammation, and disease resistance during a coccidia challenge. A total of 300 two-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chickens (54.29 ± 0.284 g body weight [BW]) were group housed (5 chickens/pen; 10 pens/treatment) in battery brooders and had ad libitum access to a basal diet and water. At 7 d of age, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 levels of dietary...
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INTRODUCTION Avian coccidiosis is one of the most common enteric diseases of poultry, and it is caused by several protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria (1). The disease is characterized by reduced weight gain and feed conversion efficiency and is the most economically significant parasitic infection of the global poultry industry (2). Eimeria tenella is one of the seven most prevalent Eimeria species in chickens; it is the causative agent of cecal coccidiosis, causing severe...
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Avian coccidial disease, endemic across worldwide broiler production, and can be exacerbated by the reuse of litter should oocysts shed from previous flocks build up and sporulate in the current flock. Coccidial species can infect the gastrointestinal tract from the duodenum to the ceca resulting in localized tissue damage and reduced performance and without treatment, potentially result in morbidity and mortality (Chapman, 2014). The morbidity and mortality...
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1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a major enteric infection of poultry that is estimated to cost more than USD 14.5 billion annual losses globally [1]. Although coccidiosis control using various anticoccidial chemicals, such as ionophores, coccidiocides, and coccidiostats, has long been a mainstream strategy in modern poultry production, alternative control strategies to antibiotics are necessary owing to the antibiotic ban [2]. Therefore, much effort has been made to develop...
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Introduction Coccidiosis causes a great economic loss in the poultry industry due to high rate of morbidity and mortality, sub optimal growth and conversion efficiency and loss of egg production (1). Mortality is mostly marked in caecal form of the disease in young chicks whereas morbidity is well documented in the intestinal form of the disease in adult birds. Etiology The disease is caused by a protozoan parasite known...
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Necrotic enteritis (NE) and coccidiosis are the two major economically important enteric diseases of commercial broiler chickens. Coccidiosis predisposes birds to NE by causing physical damage to the gut epithelium and triggering inflammation and immunosuppression which enhances the growth and proliferation of pathogenic Clostridium perfringens (Park et al., 2008). This study was designed to investigate the association of flock performance and genome copies (GC) of five Eimeria species (E....
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I. DEVELOPMENT OF A BALANCED GUT MICROBIOTA ECOSYSTEM AND THE COMPLEX HOST –MICROBIOTA INTERACTION. In the past, investigation of the intestinal bacterial population has been done with in vitro culture techniques. These techniques are able to assess only those bacterial species that can be grown in different media in laboratory conditions. Modern approaches using molecular techniques were able to show that a significant part of intestinal microbiota was not properly...
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