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Antimicrobials in poultry
Antimicrobial agents are essential tools for treating and controlling bacterial infections in poultry production. Veterinarians have a huge responsibility when using antimicrobials in poultry producing meat and eggs for human consumption. The term ‘judicious use’ of antimicrobials implies the optimal selection of drug, dose and duration of antimicrobial treatment, along with a reduction in inappropriate and excessive use as a means of slowing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The proper use of antimicrobials depends on the knowledge of interrelationships between bacteria, antimicrobial, host and consumer. The antimicrobial groups most commonly used in poultry are the betalactams, polypeptides, aminoglycosides and aminocyclitols, macrolides and lincosamides, florfenicol, tetracyclines, sulphonamides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones and ionophores.
Billy Hargis, Professor of Poultry Science at the University of Arkansas, shared his views on the downside of antibiotic reduction, the huge results differences among probiotic products, and the present and future of the poultry industry, during IPPE 2017 in Atlanta, USA....
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Dr. Christian Lückstädt, Technical Director for "Feed" business unit at Addcon, talks about the consequences of using antibiotics and the use of new additives in animal production
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Mário Penz, Director of Strategic Accounts at Cargill, spoke to us during the Poultry and Egg Summit Latin America VIV 2016 in Buenos Aires, Argentina and he discussed the importance of nutrition in sustainability by improving digestibility in poultry. He also supports a holistic approach to the process....
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Ben Dellaert, Director of Avined and Chairman of the International Egg Commission, talked about the best practices adopted in the Netherlands to reduce the use of antibiotics during the Poultry and Egg Summit Latin America VIV 2016 in Buenos Aires, Argentina....
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Dr. Marcos Rostagno, Global Senior Technical Consultant at Elanco Animal Health, spoke to us at Avicolas con Porcinos 2016 in Buenos Aires about the recent global tendencies on reduction of antimicrobials in poultry and how can producers make adjustments to comply with changes in regulations....
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The 2nd International Symposium on Alternatives to Antibiotics (ATA): Challenges and Solutions in Animal Production, will take place at the World Organisation in Animal Health in Paris, from December 12th to 15th.
PROGRAM
December 12, 2016
Opening Ceremony
Keynote Presentation
18:00-18:15 Welcome...
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Dr. J. O. Isikwenu from Delta State University, presents his paper on the effect of Xylopia aethiopica dried fruits (grains of selim) as an additive on the performance and microbial population in starter broiler chicks....
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Several studies [1–10] have shown that in addition to being effective for the prevention of necrotic enteritis [11, 12], the antibiotic feed additive virginiamycin (VM, Stafac) spares nutrients essential for optimal poultry flock performance. The nutrient-sparing effect of VM has been attributed to a reduction in nutrient breakdown by...
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Effect of <i>Cordyceps militaris </i> Hot Water Extract on Immunomodulation-associated Gene Expression in Broilers, Gallus gallus (Extract)
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Introduction A nice overview of the problem of antimicrobial use in animal production is given on the EFFORT website, a European initiative for reducing antimicrobial resistance: The introduction of antimicrobial agents in the 1940s for human clinical medicine but also in animal husbandry changed the options for treatment completely. Successful...
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This article was originally published in Journal of World's Poultry Research (2015). Vol. 5(2): 21-28. Introduction Necrotic Enteritis (NE) is a worldwide disease caused by Clostridium Perfringens, which is a ubiquitous anaerobic bacterium that is readily found in soil, dust, feces, feed, poultry litter and intestinal contents (Opengart and Songer, 2013). The...
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Feed Granulometry and the Importance of Feed Particle Size in Layers
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What is an antibiogram?
An antibiogram is a laboratory test used to determine the sensitivity pattern of a given microorganism to a range of antibiotics. The advantages of antibiogram use and the techniques involved in running these tests are well known. I would like to point out a few details regarding the management and interpretation of these tests and how they are used...
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Copper (Cu) has been widely used at pharmacological levels (e.g., 125 ppm) as growth promoter in poultry. However, the mechanism by which high levels of Cu promote growth remains to be determined. It is commonly recognized that Cu exerts anti-microbial effects in the gut but there is not much direct and consistent data showing that Cu alters the population of bacterial species in birds. The objective of this study was to understand the mechanism by which Cu...
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Introduction The farm comprised 450 breeding sows and stock taken through to bacon, all on one site. The farm was a closed herd with importations of semen and gilts coming from the finishing herd. The farm was infected with PRRS virus, against which sows were not vaccinated, enzootic pneumonia (EP) (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae) as well as pleuropneumonia (APP) (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae) and Glässer’s...
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In the early 1940´s the first antibiotic— penicillin—was used successfully to treat bacterial infections and to save thousands of lives, including those of wounded World War II soldiers. Today, antibiotics, which target microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and parasites, are essential for human and animal health. They continue to save lives as well as increase animal production and efficiency. However, exploration of alternative...
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Chinese: A fat digestion and absorption enhancer for feeding monogastric species
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Introduction For several decades, the use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics in animal feeds has been a common practice in many countries in order to improve growth performance and prevent from the adverse effects of pathogenic and non-pathogenic enteric microorganisms. However, there are increasing concerns for the public health about the consequences from the use of antibiotics in livestock [1]. The risk of...
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The use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in animal production began half a century ago, when Stokstad and Jukes added residues of chlortetracycline production to chicken feed. They were added with the objective to serve as a source of vitamin B12, but they caused a growth stimulation that was far too large to be explained only as a vitamin effect. ...
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International Journal of Poultry Science 12 (1): 51-54, 2013 ISSN 1682-8356 © Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2013 Abstract A study was conducted during the months of December-January involving sixty one week old broiler chickens, distributed into two experimental groups having three replicates of ten birds each. The birds of the first group were fed a basal diet (22.5% CP & 2830 K...
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One of the landmark scientific achievements of 20st century has been the discovery of antibiotics. Antibiotics have redefined healthcare and for centuries now, have been helping doctors in saving precious human and animal lives. However, antibiotics have now become a victim of their own success. Due to their non-judicious and blind use, we are now facing a new dangerous healthcare challenge. The emergence of ‘superbugs’ or...
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Introduction In North America, there has been a tremendous body of research in recent years to find the ideal product or program to replace or reduce the use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry production. This is driven by the legislation in the EU and the pressure the health-care system has placed on the use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics for growth promotion. There have been many arguments made regarding...
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