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Amino acids in poultry nutrition
Adequate provision of dietary amino acids is required to maintain normal immunocompetence and protection of the host from some diseases in all species (Beski et al. 2015). Therefore, the development of immune function in poultry will be promoted if they receive sufficient amino acids in their diets. The essential amino acids for poultry are arginine, glycine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, cystine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Out of these, the ones critical in practical diets are arginine, lysine, methionine, cystine and tryptophan.
All grains, vegetable-based protein meals and their by-products used in poultry diets contain some levels of phytate phosphorous (PP). Depending on the ingredient type and source, a typical broiler chicken diet would contain between 2.2 to over 3.5 g/kg dietary PP. Research has shown that phytate anti-nutritional effects can reduce the digestibility of amino acids (AA) and minerals. Previously the effect of phytase on AA digestibility was reported in broilers at 21 days of age (Toghyani et...
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Reduced protein (RP) diets have received increasing interest in poultry nutrition due to the potential benefits in feed cost and environmental footprint (Liu et al., 2021). Understanding the order of limiting amino acids (AA) in RP diets is critical to ensure requirements are met cost effectively. To date, only the first three limiting AA (including lysine [Lys], methionine [Met], and threonine [Thr]) have been demonstrated in RP layer diets, while the order of the next most limiting AA is...
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Coccidiosis is a disease with substantial economic impact (Muthamilselvan et al., 2016), particularly due to the push to ban anticoccidials. Vaccines are available but can be expensive, and are often implemented for free range and breeder flocks only. Thus, it is imperative to find effective nutritional alternatives to reduce the impact of coccidiosis on broiler chickens. The aim of this experiment was to determine if the nutritional strategies of post-pellet whole wheat (WW),...
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Feeding meat-chicken with reduced crude protein (CP) diets commonly reduces N release in the environment. However, this is often associated with poor performance and a heightened body fat content due to a high energy-to-protein ratio. Reducing feed CP content affects all amino acids (AA), but the most limiting essential AA (EAA) are commonly considered during feed formulation. It was realised that a chicken body has a constant composition in EAA and non-EAA (NEAA), or EAA-to-true protein...
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Diego Martínez (University of Arkansas) An energy system is needed to optimize feed formulation and influence economics and sustainability. This study assessed the sensitivity of productive energy (PE) and classic net energy (CNE) to BW gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and net energy for gain (NEg) and maintenance (NEm), and developed models to predict BWG, FCR, and protein accretion (PAC). 1920 chicks in 96 pens were assigned to one...
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Duarte Neves (Zinpro) The poultry industry is facing a problem with the fertility of broiler breeder eggs. The use of elevated amounts of trace minerals such as zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) within a broiler breeder diet has been previously linked to an increase in eggshell quality, which in turn may lead to an increased fertility rate. A parameter that has been linked to an increased eggshell quality is shell translucency. The...
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Effects of soybean meal processing conditions on growth performance and intestinal integrity in coccidia vaccinated broiler chickens
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Cibele Torres (Zinpro) This study investigated the performance of broilers fed diets formulated to optimize phytate hydrolysis in the upper gut and supplemented with reduced levels of Zn in the form of Zn amino acid complexed minerals (ZnAA). A total of 3,600 d-old straight-run Ross 308 broilers were randomly distributed across 72 floor pens. Birds received 1 of 6 diets (corn-soybean meal based) from day one to 37 d with 12 replicate pens per...
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Cibele Torres (Zinpro) shares the results of her research and highlights the improved breast yield obtained, as well as cost and environmental benefits, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Diego Martínez (University of Arkansas) explains how productive energy is a better predictor of performance, body weight gain, feed conversion and protein accretion, among other factors, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Nelson Ruiz (Nelson Ruiz Nutrition LLC) speaks on his research presented at the IPSF regarding the evaluation of soybean meal with KOH protein solubility and trypsin inhibitor as the main measurements, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Nelson Ruiz (Nelson Ruiz Nutrition LLC) explains how to deal with both cases and offers his insights and recommendations, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Duarte Neves (Zinpro) explains how amino-acid complexed mineral supplementation to broiler breeders can positively impact eggshell quality and translucency, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Martin Steffan, Global Product Manager Biolys® at Evonik, explains the different ways in which an innovative lysine source contributes to lowering the ecological footprint in animal nutrition
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Dr. Dirk Hoehler, SVP Essential Nutrition at Evonik, provides more details on Evonik’s backward integration of their DL-Methionine plant and their global methionine production network...
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Life Rainbow Biotech at VIV Asia 2025: Advancing Antibiotics-Free Solutions for Livestock
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Looking back to the year 2023, the overall API market collapsed. The scarring effect left by the pandemic is hard to fade away completely; the global economy is facing downward pressure, the domestic livestock industry is in a downturn, and the prices of veterinary APIs continue to bottom out, hitting record lows. As the China Veterinary Medicine and Feed Trading Centre (CVMFTC) monitored, the VPi index for four weeks in January was 63.95, 63.41, 63.30 and 63.23. respectively....
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I. INTRODUCTION In the 1990s, researchers from the American Soybean Association (ASA) showed that soybean meal with similar proximate analysis can perform very differently in poultry and swine feeding. Subsequently, Creswell and Swick (2008) carried out feeding trials, AME and digestible amino acid analysis of 4 soybean meals. They found that there was a large difference between the soybean meals in BWG and FCR from the broiler feeding trials as well as in AME and digestible lysine....
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I. INTRODUCTION The nutritional strategy of reducing dietary crude protein (CP) in broiler diets to improve the sustainability of poultry production has been widely reviewed in the recent years (Hilliar and Swick, 2019; Selle et al., 2020). This strategy has proven benefits on global warming potential (GWP; Kebreab et al., 2016; Cappelaere et al., 2021) and litter quality (van Harn et al., 2018). In terms of growth performance, there is still a controversy on the ability of...
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I. INTRODUCTION The term ‘amino acid imbalances’ was probably originated by Elvehjem and Krehl (1955) and the topic was addressed by Harper and Rogers (1965). Their conclusion was that imbalances retard growth by altering the normal pathways of amino acid metabolism. Thus, while the relevance of amino acid imbalances to efficient chicken-meat production is recognised, a precise definition has yet to be developed (Kurpad, 2018). Antagonisms between arginine and lysine...
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I. BACKGROUND The scale of the Australian chicken-meat industry has increased at an extraordinarily rapid rate so that now chicken-meat is clearly the first preference of consumers in comparison to pork, beef and lamb. In 1990/91, the Australian population was 17.2 million with a per capita chicken-meat consumption of 23.9 kg; however, this increased by 61.0% to 27.7 million people and consumption increased by 100% to 47.8 kg over the 30 years to 2020/21. As a direct consequence, the...
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I WANT TO KNOW HOW MUCH CRUDE PROTEIN WE CAN TAKE FROM SUPPLEMENTAL AMINO ACIDS OF THE TOTAL CRUDE PROTEIN OF THE DIET. E.G., IF THE CP OF DIET IS 22%, THEN WHAT PERCENTAGE OF IT MAXIMUM SHOULD COME FROM CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACIDS. best regards anjumgojra@yahoo.com ...
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