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Amino acids in poultry nutrition
Adequate provision of dietary amino acids is required to maintain normal immunocompetence and protection of the host from some diseases in all species (Beski et al. 2015). Therefore, the development of immune function in poultry will be promoted if they receive sufficient amino acids in their diets. The essential amino acids for poultry are arginine, glycine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, cystine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Out of these, the ones critical in practical diets are arginine, lysine, methionine, cystine and tryptophan.
All commercial poultry eat with reasonably good precision to balance nutrient intake with requirements. Short term, there can be some variation in feed intake related to local situations, but long-term, the mechanisms of feed intake regulation are quite precise. Matching nutrient needs with intake is an obvious inherent evolutionary necessity to ensure survival and reproduction. A bird’s daily consumption of feed ultimately governs its health, growth, body composition and potential for...
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Mike Persia (Virginia Tech) talks about the benefits of Direct-Fed Microbials (also Sulfur Amino Acid supplementation) to help manage the adverse effects of heat stress, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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1 Introduction The rising number of recently reported human illnesses with bacterial infections resistant to multiple antibacterial agents has become a fundamental concern in recent years [1, 2]. This phenomenon has become a serious concern with regard to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria called “superbugs” [3, 4], especially when considering that humans only started using antibiotics in the past century with Sir Alexander Fleming’s discovery of...
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Discover how GAA enhances energy metabolism in broilers, improves growth, and spares costly ingredients like arginine and fats. Learn why it's more efficient than L-arginine and how it supports better performance and cost savings in poultry diets. ...
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Compilation of a project KEY INFORMATION A series of 5 commercial feeding trials was performed from which 4 trials took place on commercial broiler farms growing between 300,000 and 420,000 broilers per cycle. Dietary protein was...
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1. Introduction There is considerable interest in the successful development of low protein diets for broiler chickens, which axiomatically contain high inclusions of supplemental amino acids. This is because low protein diets have the potential to generate economic, environmental and bird welfare advantages. Formulation of low protein diets are usually achieved by decreasing...
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I. INTRODUCTION The digestive dynamics of starch and protein are considered pivotal to broiler performance (Liu and Selle, 2015). Moreover, it was proposed that the rates of starch digestion and glucose absorption exceed the rates of protein digestion and amino acid absorption and this asynchrony in digestive dynamics compromises the performance of broiler chickens. If so, it follows that the provision of rapidly-digestible protein should enhance broiler performance in a reciprocal...
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In previous assays (Macelline et al., 2022), data on egg production rate (EP) and egg mass (EM) of Isa Brown layers from 27 to 33 weeks of age (peak production -PP) and from 42 to 48 weeks of age (Post PP) were used to predict amino acid (AA) requirements by fitting linear broken-line (LBL), and quadratic broken-line (QBL) models. Subsequently, the ideal ratios of Ile, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, and Val relative to Lys for maximal EM and EP were determined. The current feeding study was...
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Effectiveness of Bacillus licheniformis-Fermented Products and Their Derived Antimicrobial Lipopeptides in Controlling Coccidiosis in Broilers (Extract)
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I. AMINO ACIDS: TOWARDS MORE PRECISE FORMULATION Dietary protein reduction in swine or poultry is driven by economic, environmental and societal issues - the three pillars of sustainability. Formulating on the basis of each indispensable amino acid (IAA) instead of a minimum crude protein (CP) level allows a reduction in feed cost, a decreased dependency on imported soybean meal, and a lower pressure on animal health. In addition, the increasing availability of feed grade amino acids...
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Low protein diets are being investigated to reduce feed cost and address health, welfare and environmental concerns associated with feeding meat chickens excess dietary crude protein (CP). Low CP diets supplemented with only essential amino acids (AA) have failed to improve performance to that observed with standard CP diets (Dean et al., 2006). The nonessential amino acid glycine (Gly) is believed to become conditionally limiting as supplementation of Gly and essential AA in low CP diets...
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I. INTRODUCTION Supplementation of amino acids to reduce feather pecking behaviour and improve plumage condition has been previously studied and found to be successful (Savory, 1998, van Hierden et al., 2004). Feather eating behaviour performed by feather pecking birds suggests that feathers (predominately composed of keratin protein) may be consumed as an alternative source of amino acids, if digested. Methionine is an essential amino acid required for egg production and...
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1. Introduction Over the past few years, extensive studies have demonstrated significant advancements in precision livestock farming. Developing a dynamic and optimized amino acid (AA) supply is advantageous for enhancing feeding efficiency, reducing nitrogen (N) footprint, and minimizing the environmental impact of livestock production [1]. For decades, genetic selective breeding programs have been implemented to promote rapid growth in broilers, particularly in white-feathered...
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Recent publications by Verhelle und Saremi (2024) and Westreicher-Kristen et al. (2025) reported broiler feeding experiments to evaluate the nutritional value of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in comparison to L-arginine (L-Arg). Basically, reported broiler performance responses are in agreement with expectations based on literature. However, the authors drew misleading conclusions on the efficacy of GAA. It is our objective to clarify this matter because both publications confirm high arginine...
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Dr. Pradeep Krishnan (Evonik Animal Nutrition) highlights the growing importance of gut health in animal nutrition, addressing the immune challenges faced by producers. Discover how Evonik is leading the way with innovative solutions, such as probiotics and tributerins, to improve gut flora balance and integrity.
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Guanidinoacetic Acid (GAA): Boosting Broiler Growth and Feed Efficiency
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Gut health challenge is one of the major factors affecting production and profitability in commercial laying hens. In addition, chronic heat stress results in lowered feed intake, egg production, egg quality, gut microbiome and also impairs acid-base balance in laying birds. Numerous data support that laying birds fed with organic acid improved egg production and quality (Sakdee et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2022). Butyric acid, an important organic acid serves as a primary source of energy...
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In the ongoing EU lysine anti-dumping case (Case AD706), key developments indicate a crucial timeline for involved parties. Feedback on the final disclosure is expected by May 5, 2025, leading to the awaited final ruling on July 12, 2025.
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Fernanda Castro (Evonik Animal Nutrition) explores how GuanAMINO® enhances profitability and animal performance under various conditions, from heat stress to low-crude protein diets....
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As the global population continues to grow, the demand for high-quality protein in animal nutrition is increasing. The broiler industry, as one of the largest and fastest-growing livestock sectors, faces significant challenges in securing sustainable and cost-effective feed ingredients. Conventional protein...
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INTRODUCTION As most farmers’ focus is on broiler farming for meat, cockerel production has not received the attention it deserves over the years. With increasing global human population, it is necessary to boast the production of animal and poultry that will meet the urgent market need for animal protein (Steinfeld, 2003). One approach to tackle this is to stimulate the cockerel industry, the neglected area of poultry production. Protein is a crucial component of chicken...
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INTRODUCTION Nutrient requirement for any ingredient is defined as the amount of that nutrient which must be supplied in the diet to meet the needs of the normal health of an animal in an environment compatible with good health. It can also be said to be the amount of a given nutrient required by the animal to maximize performance. Formulation of a balanced diet is fundamental to economical poultry production, and this process depends on knowledge of nutrient requirements of poultry...
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