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Swine gut health

Pigs are exposed to various challenges such as weaning, environmental stressors, unhealthy diet, diseases and infections during their lifetime which adversely affects the gut microbiome. The inability of the pig microbiome to return to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis resulting in the outbreak of diseases. Therefore, the maintenance of gut microbiome diversity, robustness and stability has been influential for optimum intestinal health after perturbations. Nowadays human and animal researches have focused on more holistic approaches to obtain a robust gut microbiota that provides protection against pathogens and improves the digestive physiology and the immune system. The swine gut microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem harboring immensely diverse microbiota including bacteria, viruses, archaea, and fungi that ideally reside symbiotically in the gut of host animals. Among the microorganisms, the number of bacteria outnumbers other microorganisms. The microbiome robustness, the maintenance of diverse and functional microbiota in GIT is crucial for effective swine production. The microbiome robustness depends on the diversity of the microbiome, so it is not enough just to have the presence of a few different beneficial microbes. Accordingly, new strategies are required to manipulate the gut microbiome to prevent or revert unhealthy states caused by perturbations.
Josef Kamphues
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
Introduction: It is well known that stomach barrier (acidity) acts against diverse pathogenic agents. This function is particularly influenced by particle size distribution in the diet. Diarrhoea causing E. coli is an agent of relevance in today’s pig production that can lead to weight gains up to high losses. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the ability of a specific pathogenic E. coli to survive stomach passage, in vivo and in vitro...
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Introduction: The effects of the oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance (weight gain and feed intake) and intestinal histo-morphology of the duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa (villus height, width, and perimeter and crypt depth) of two different genetic lines (purebred Large White or crossbred Large White x Landrace) of suckling piglets. Materials and Methods: The suckling piglets were evaluated between 2 and 19 days of age. In total, 276...
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Introduction: Weaning process causes a significant biological stress to piglets which lead to a detrimental effect on feed intake, growth rate, intestinal morphology and immune system. A mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. They also are known to improve endogenous digestive enzyme secretion, activate of the immune system and improve protein retention of farm...
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Jonathan Broomhead
Perstorp Feed & Food
Butyric acid is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that is produced naturally by fermentation of fiber in the lower gastrointestinal tract (GI). Butyric acid has known benefits such as providing energy to colonocytes, intestinal barrier function, apoptosis regulation, control cytokine production, mucus synthesis, and intestinal cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Exogenous supplementation of butyric acid was initially developed by making a salt derivative, with either sodium or...
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Danyel Bueno Dalto
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Despite environmental and public health (bacterial resistance) issues, supranutritional levels of zinc oxide (ZnO) are still commonly used to prevent diarrhea in post-weaning piglets. In Canada, these levels represent more than eight-fold the CFIA proposed maximum levels at 300 mg/kg. The limited knowledge of their consequences for the metabolism of trace minerals has hampered the replacement of this strategy without compromising piglet health. Our laboratory has performed a series of...
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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, the most abundant of which belong to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium . The conditions required for fungal development and the production of mycotoxins vary strongly with the substrate on which the fungal species develop.Because mycotoxins are mainly present in food and feed, the gut is the first target for mycotoxin toxicity, but it is also the site of the absorption of mycotoxins that leads to...
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Anita Menconi
Evonik Animal Nutrition
Evonik Animal Nutrition
The Specialty Nutrition portfolio for monogastrics overseen by Dr. Anita Menconi, Regional Business Director of Specialty Nutrition, Americas at Evonik, comprises advanced nutritional solutions tailored specifically for monogastric animals. ...
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John Patience
Iowa State University
Iowa State University
Basic Role of Feed Formulation Feed formulation is a process by which our knowledge of the nutrition of the animal can be translated into feeding programs which achieve our production objectives. These objectives typically include optimizing growth performance and producing a final carcass that can be converted into safe, healthy and appealing consumer meat products. This must be done in a profitable manner that concurrently contributes to environmental sustainability and animal...
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Young Dal Jang
University of Wisconsin River Falls
Young Dal Jang (University of Wisconsin–River Falls)       This study was conducted to demonstrate the effects of second iron injection before weaning and iron levels in nursery diets on growth performance, hematological parameters, and fecal microbiome of pigs. A total of 70 newborn pigs from 7 sows were allotted to 4 treatments within litter, housed in farrowing crate without creep feed, and received the first dose (200 mg iron) at 2 to 3 d of age....
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Michael H Kogut
USDA - United States Department of Agriculture
USDA - United States Department of Agriculture
Mike Kogut, Chair of the Organizing Committee, talks about the meeting's most interesting discussions and announces the dates for the next edition....
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Paolo Trevisi
Paolo Trevisi and 1 more
Bologna University
Bologna University
INTRODUCTION Livestock monogastric species, including swine and poultry, are the main sources of meat; therefore, they are, at the same time, the main livestock species reared under intensive conditions (Eurostat, 2022). The pressure to increasingly optimize breeding resulted in antimicrobials often being used for both prophylactic and metaphylactic purposes to counteract the diseases of these animals or as growth promoters. It is currently commonly recognized that the misuse of...
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Andrea Piva
Andrea Piva and 4 more
Vetagro S.p.A.
Andrea Bonetti (University of Bologna)       At weaning, pigs develop significant stress with long-lasting effects on their performance and health. Botanicals include a wide variety of bioactive molecules able to control inflammation and oxidation. The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of a microencapsulated thymol-based blend of botanicals (BOT) to support piglets’ performance and health during an LPS inflammatory challenge. To examine...
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Yihang Li
University of Delaware
University of Delaware
Yihang Li (University of Delaware)      Developmental plasticity during the prenatal and early postnatal periods allows animals to adapt quickly to their environment and efficiently construct organ systems crucial for survival. These adaptations, which may be irreversible later in life, can lead animals to develop beneficial survival strategies or predispose them to chronic diseases. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a highly adaptive organ, contending...
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Safglucan® – Mitigating the negative impact of Lawsonia intracellularis on pig performance and intestinal wellbeing. Phileo by Lesaffre has shown that feeding its yeast (1.3)(1.6) beta-glucan, Safglucan®, can help pigs cope better with the negative effect of enteric disorders caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. This is a new (patent pending) application for Safglucan® to help the pork industry achieve profitable production while also reducing antimicrobial...
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Theresia Lavergne
Natural Biologics
Theresia Lavergne (Natural Biologics) comments on her research on the antiviral properties of medium-chain monoglycerides in pigs with PRRS challenge, as well as future tests on poultry viruses, during the 11th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Brian Aldridge
University of Illinois
University of Illinois
Brian Aldridge (University of Illinois) shares insights on the environmental, nutritional, and maternal factors that affect the microbiome of different animals, during the 11th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Caroline González-Vega (Cargill)      This study was conducted to investigate the effects of medium-chain fatty acid blend (MCFA) and a phytogenic feed additive (Fresta® Protect, Delacon, Austria) on growth performance and gut health of Escherichia coli (ETEC)-challenged pigs. A total of 200 weaned pigs with initial body weight of 5.52 ± 0.17 kg were allotted to 40 pens (5 pigs/pen) blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 5 treatments: (1)...
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Nick Gallina
Purdue University (USA)
Purdue University (USA)
Nick Gallina (Purdue University)      Background: Intestinal barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and elevated expression of heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) are features of the dysbiotic gut. Probiotics can alleviate inflammation but are ineffective due to poor adhesion and adaptation to the inflamed bowel. We hypothesize that enhancing probiotic adhesion to intestinal cells may augment the immunomodulatory response, mucosal healing, and tight...
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Nick Gallina
Purdue University (USA)
Purdue University (USA)
Nick Gallina (Purdue University)      Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are the primary perpetrators of colibacillosis in piglets, resulting in mortality and agribusiness economic woes. ETEC expressing fimbrial antigens, F4 and F18, are the predominant contributors to colibacillosis. F4 is most prevalent in neonatal diarrhea. F18 is more common in post-weaning colibacillosis. Intestinal epithelial interaction and...
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Brian Aldridge
University of Illinois
University of Illinois
Brian Aldridge (University of Illinois)       Biological health is a complex topic of discussion and is often misunderstood as existing as a binary state in terms of the presence or absence of disease. In many ways, it is useful to explain health at a population or system level as the existence of individuals in 1 of 3 states: those in a healthy condition, those with a prediseased status, and those in a diseased state. At a systems level, it is useful to...
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