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Poultry vaccines
Disease prevention by vaccination is an integral part of flock health management protocols. Active immunization using live vaccines is the current industry standard. Routinely used vaccines in chickens include MDV, NDV, IBV, and IBDV, and in turkeys NDV and HEV. Newer vaccines, including molecular recombinants in which genes of immunogenic proteins from infectious agents are inserted into a live viral vector, are also being examined for commercial use. Efforts are under way to enhance vaccine efficacy by the use of adjuvants, particularly cytokines. The vaccine delivery systems include in ovo injection, aerosol, spray, drinking water, eye drop, and wing web injection. The in ovo vaccination procedure is relatively new and at the present time it is used primarily to vaccinate broiler chickens against MDV. Birds respond to vaccines by developing humoral and cellular immune responses. There are two main types of vaccine available for poultry: live or killed.
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an ongoing problem in meat chickens in important production areas of Australia. In response to outbreaks, live vaccines are typically administered at 7-14 days of age in drinking water via nipple drinkers which may not provide optimal contact with susceptible tissues. The efficacy of vaccination is not routinely assessed. As part of a series of experiments investigating the kinetics of ILT virus (ILTV) in meat chickens after water vaccination via nipple...
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Introduction Poultry, also recognized as universal food, as poultry meat and eggs enjoy zero religious’ restrictions, unlike pork and beef [1]. Being universal and accepted by all religions, the demand of poultry increased globally hence the trend of rearing is also increased. Poultry meat and eggs are the main source of protein, household nutrition and income in developing countries [2]. In Somali economy, still the Livestock sector acts as a crucial component and becomes...
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A Natural Choice for Growth Enhancement in Farm Animals - 3 ESSDENDIS
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Dear members, I would like to know your opinion about the use of recombinant vaccines to prevent ILT, Newcastle disease and Marek´s Disease in chickens. What are the advantages and disadvantages in comparison with Conventional Poultry Vaccines? Look forward to hearing your experiences! ...
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Introduction The Newcastle disease (ND) is the most economically important disease in poultry, due to the high rate of morbidity, mortality, slaughter, and associated sanitary measures in poultry farms, particularly in developing countries [1]. ND is caused by virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1. This virus is highly contagious in all the age groups and can infect many species of domestic and wild birds [2]. The major clinical signs of ND are depression, weakness,...
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I would be grateful if somebody could tell me about the reasons to consider behind the rise of antibody titer other than field challenge? How can we diagnose field challenge? Are there any clinical signs? Thanks and regards. ...
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INTRODUCTION
Although MD is in general well controlled by vaccination in ovo or at one d of age, MD remains a concern for several reasons. First of all, vaccination practices are often suboptimal resulting in some vaccine breaks. Proper use of standard operating procedures at the hatchery remains essential for optimal protection and has been the topic of many presentations. The short-term financial gain by...
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VACCINE FAILURES: WHY AND WHEN DO THEY OCCUR? Vaccination seeks to generate a protective immune response against a disease. Therefore, a vaccine failure occurs when a disease appears despite birds have been previously vaccinated . There are many factors involved in the efficacy of the vaccination, which are related to the vaccine, the pathogen, and the animals. ...
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Karel Schat (Cornell University) discussed diagnosis, method of vaccination and other recommendations regarding this disease, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA....
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Effects of Muco-defen® on Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broilers
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As a commercial chicken hatchery, what are the vaccines that are good to give and how to apply them? Thanks. In a tropical country, is it good to open wall ventilation and exhaust for taking air out? ...
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Developing effective natural solutions for animals - Liptosa: 2020 Summary and 2021 Challenges
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INTRODUCTION Inactivated vaccines are commonly used in poultry as part of a comprehensive vaccination protocol. These vaccines are capable of inducing high antibody titers, which can protect against systemic infections and are transferred from breeder hens to their progeny as maternal antibodies. In order to increase the immunogenicity, these vaccines contain adjuvants. The most common adjuvants in poultry vaccines are aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) and...
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I would be grateful if somebody tell me if I vaccinated a flock with ts-11at 10 week old if at 26 week -old found the mean titer of Mycoplasma gallisepticum 1454 is that a titer of the vaccine or field challenge . When does the antibody titer following vaccination at 10 week -old with ts-11 wane to negative titer t ...
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Evaluation of effectiveness of three probiotic products and a prebiotic to control Clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis in broilers
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A Natural Choice for Growth Enhancement in Farm Animals - 3 ESSDENDIS
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1. Introduction The poultry industry has been suffering from several pathogens in Egypt during recent decades, including avian influenza viruses (AIV) that may be either highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAIV; H5N1, H5N2, H5N8) or low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAIV; H9N2) viruses, velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV; variant 1, variant 2, and classic wild virus), infectious bursal disease (either variant or virulent virus),...
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