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Poultry management
Poultry management usually refers to the husbandry practices or production techniques that help to maximize the efficiency of production. Sound management practices are very essential to optimize production. Scientific poultry management aims at maximizing returns with minimum investment. A carefully controlled environment that avoids crowding, chilling, overheating, or frightening is almost universal in poultry farming. Cannibalism, which expresses itself as toe picking, feather picking, and tail picking, is controlled by debeaking at one day of age and by other management practices. The feeding, watering, egg gathering, and cleaning operations are highly mechanized. Birds are usually housed in wire cages with two or three animals per cage, depending on the species and breed, and three or four tiers of cages superposed to save space. Cages for egg-laying birds have been found to increase production, lower mortality, reduce cannibalism, lower feeding requirements, reduce diseases and parasites, improve culling, and reduce both space and labour requirements.
This newsletter provides an overview of silvopasture-based poultry production, and potential benefits and challenges of adopting this system as a largescale or small-scale producer. Silvopasture is an agroforestry practice in which trees, forages, shrubs, and animals are intentionally integrated into a single land...
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Stocking density is a critical factor to consider for optimum welfare of commercial broilers Stocking density is typically defined in terms of the number of birds per unit area or the amount of space provided on per bird basis. In commercial production, stocking density of a broiler...
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The first few days of life are some of the most important in chicks' lives. During this time, chicks start developing and set themselves up for the rest of their lifetime. The husbandry decisions made at this point can impact the birds' growth, development, health and welfare. This newsletter will focus on three important...
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Spondylolisthesis, often called ‘kinky back’, is a deformity that affects broiler chickens’ spines. The deformity occurs in the fifth and/or sixth vertebrae (T6) and leads to spinal cord compression making it hard for birds to walk, and in severe cases it can cause...
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The impact of extruded soybean processing temperatures conditions on broiler’s ileal and cecal microbiota composition and function
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Feather sexing, a relatively convenient method to separate male and female day-old broiler chicks, is no longer available especially in Australia due to a shift from slow feathering to fast feathering parent stocks (England et al., 2021). Therefore, other convenient ways for chick sexing are needed for research trials. Vent sexing is a possibility, but the time required to successfully vent sex and biosecurity restrictions of hatcheries can make this difficult. Sex may also be determined...
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1. Introduction Air emissions from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), are reported to cause health impacts for both the animals and humans exposed [1–3]. The concentration of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and gases emitted from CAFOs can have regional impacts on people living in the area around them [3–7]. More recent studies show that emissions from agricultural facilities can cause the nitrogen enrichment of soils and waterways [8]. While...
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1. Introduction Animal welfare is a fundamental component of sustainability, agricultural development and food security. In order for a livestock system to be sustainable, it should be sustainable economically, environmentally and ecologically, and at the same time, it should be accepted ethically and socially [1–3]. Today, a product of animal origin is not considered sustainable unless the social demand for welfare of the production animals is satisfied [1]. Animal...
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1. Introduction In light of the challenges posed by climate change, economic crisis, overpopulation, and high global demand for protein, poultry production emerges as a more environmentally friendly option compared to meat from livestock. It has a lower impact on greenhouse gas emissions and demonstrates higher conversion rates [1]. Additionally, poultry production requires fewer resources and has a faster production cycle, making it an appealing protein source [2]. However, the...
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by Sam Shafer
Particulate matter (PM) can damage bird lungs. Now poultry scientists gather data to give a fuller picture of the effects of PM in different housing systems
Poultry scientists are working to better understand the impacts of particulate matter (PM) on bird health and production. Particulate matter includes very small particles of feed, feathers, animal waste, and dander. Researchers have found that PM...
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Dr. Mário Penz (Cargill) discusses the consequences of not managing water properly and the different factors to consider regarding its quality, during this Engormix interview....
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Will New Version of GMP Boost the Veterinary Drugs Industry?
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Free-range commercial layer farming in Australia has been increasing for the last decade in response to consumer demand for free-range eggs. To meet this demand, there is a focus on research to optimise free-range system design and management. A range of external factors have been shown to impact hens’ daily outdoor range use including weather conditions, time of day, season and range enrichments (Richards et al., 2011; Larsen and Rault, 2021). Sunlight intensity and ultraviolet...
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1. Introduction Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of notable concern, especially due to its growth under household refrigeration temperatures (40 ◦F, 4 ◦C) and at a pH range of 4.5 to 9.6 [1–3]. Listeria monocytogenes has been subdivided into four phylogenetic evolutionary lineages due to variations in ecology recombination rates and genomic content [4,5]. Lineage I consist of most human clinical isolates and includes serotypes 1/2b, 3b, 3c, and 4b...
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Watery and sticky droppings in layers have been a problem in the egg industry for years. Wet droppings or diarrhea in chickens are early indicators of intestinal distress and can give a producer crucial information about the general gut health of their flock. Poultry litter becomes wet when the rate of water addition exceeds the rate of removal. Poor quality ingredients, toxins, pathogens and nutrient imbalances can cause wet litter directly by altering normal digestive physiology or...
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Dr. Mário Penz (Cargill) talks about how to keep improving nutrition analysis, taking into account digestibility coefficients and ingredient quality, among other factors, during this Engormix interview....
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Effects of Deoxynivalenol-Contaminated Diets on Metabolic and Immunological Parameters in Broiler Chickens
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The environment can be defined as the combination of external conditions which have an impact on animals and humans. Perhaps the most important physiological response of poultry to the environment is the constant maintenance of a homoeothermic state during exposure to extreme ambient temperatures. Environmental stress causes adverse effects on performance of poultry. There are different types of stressors,...
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Global poultry industry scenario The value of the worldwide poultry market increased significantly between 2022 and 2023, from $352.02 billion to $378.84 billion, representing a 7.6% CAGR. Experts predict that the poultry market will continue to expand and reach $487.39 billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 6.5% (research and markets,). Producing chicken on a big scale comes with several issues, including rising production costs, concerns about animal welfare, a manpower...
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The first International Avian Influenza Summit will be a hybrid event hosted in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA on October 16-17, 2023.
Meet some of the speakers that will appear in this event:
Alberto Torres,...
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AMINONIR® Portable enables the reliable determination of energy, nutrients in feed raw materials and feed, as well as amino acids in feed raw materials, on-site and independent of a laboratory. The hand-held device connects with the user’s tablet or cell phone. It only requires mobile signal reception and a handful of feed or raw material without further sample preparation to determine their quality at almost any location within minutes....
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I Introduction As the single greatest nutrient input into the production of eggs and meat, water quality and quantity deserve careful attention to assure optimal flock performance. Twenty-five years of assisting the poultry industry worldwide with identifying and correcting drinking water challenges provides the foundation of experience and expertise which will be shared in this paper. Birds are fairly tolerant of most contaminants in drinking water. While standards exist for...
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I. Introduction Eggs are an affordable raw agricultural commodity with a high nutrient density. Eggs serve a key role in diets around the world. Maintaining the quality of eggs is a worldwide concern. Generally, there are three types of egg quality: 1) physical, 2) functional, and 3) microbial. During this presentation, all three types of egg quality will be discussed and factors which influence egg quality characteristics will be explained. Understanding the types of egg quality, as...
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