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Poultry management
Poultry management usually refers to the husbandry practices or production techniques that help to maximize the efficiency of production. Sound management practices are very essential to optimize production. Scientific poultry management aims at maximizing returns with minimum investment. A carefully controlled environment that avoids crowding, chilling, overheating, or frightening is almost universal in poultry farming. Cannibalism, which expresses itself as toe picking, feather picking, and tail picking, is controlled by debeaking at one day of age and by other management practices. The feeding, watering, egg gathering, and cleaning operations are highly mechanized. Birds are usually housed in wire cages with two or three animals per cage, depending on the species and breed, and three or four tiers of cages superposed to save space. Cages for egg-laying birds have been found to increase production, lower mortality, reduce cannibalism, lower feeding requirements, reduce diseases and parasites, improve culling, and reduce both space and labour requirements.
It is widely accepted that the absence of suffering no longer defines animal welfare and that positive affective experiences are important (Mellor 2015). However, there are few valid and reliable tools available to comprehensively...
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Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) is an infective leg condition that results in lameness, affecting meat chickens internationally. BCO can be induced using mechanical challenges such as wire ramps (Wideman 2016). Based on a study wherein perches had a negative impact on bird latency to lie (LTL) at 42 days (d) old (Phibbs et al. 2020) perches may be a mechanical challenge to birds also, reducing their leg health in a similar way to Wideman’s ramps. This study compared...
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Changing Feed Industry Imperatives Call For A Closer Look At On-Site Aflatoxin Test Methods
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I. INTRODUCTION Maintaining vegetation on free range farms with fixed ranges is a significant issue (Singh et al., 2017). Nonetheless, free range accreditation programs stipulate palatable vegetation to be available on the range at all times (RSPCA 2015). This is more problematic to achieve during dry seasonal conditions and drought, which are common features of the Australian climate. ...
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Free-range layer pullets are typically reared indoors within Australia, but adult layers go outdoors which might cause poorer adaptation due to the mismatch between rearing and laying environments. Indoor enrichments may optimise physical development of pullets and subsequent welfare as adult free-range hens (Campbell et al., 2019). In the outdoor environment, hens may have greater opportunities for exercise and natural behaviours which might contribute to improved physical health and...
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I. INTRODUCTION Heavily driven by public perception and large supermarket monopolies, welfare is of major concern for the poultry industry. The past few decades have seen development of poultry practices with a heavy focus on the welfare of poultry. There have been huge changes implemented to accommodate improvements in welfare, particularly in the layer industry. There are now a number of production systems...
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Free-range layer systems are increasing globally but range use can be low, particularly when birds are first provided outdoor access. It is recommended to match the rearing system with the layer system for optimal bird welfare (Janczak and Riber, 2015). However, within Australia, pullets destined for free-range systems are typically reared indoors which may hinder their adaptability to the outdoor environment as adults. Rearing enrichments may optimise behavioural development and better...
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Is it cost effective to install solar panels with battery storage (HYBRID on-grid) system in a tunnel vented building with 45,000 capacity? I am just looking into investing in a poultry farm in the near future (Philippines). I would appreciate comments or suggestions. ...
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Introduction Modern meat chicken breeding stock have been selected for extremely efficient conversion of feed into protein and rapid growth. As a result, it has become increasingly more difficult to rear pullets and breeders to achieve the healthy chick numbers needed to supply the ever-expanding poultry meat market. There are many factors involved in producing a healthy pullet and breeder chicken. These include; housing, lighting, temperature and air control, health,...
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In an interview with Engormix at IPPE 2020, Aidan Connolly, CEO of Cainthus, emphasizes how the animal nutrition industry embraces digital technology -for example, the Artificial Intelligence- in its daily routine and highlights the role of technology to improve the animal production....
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The Animal AgTech Innovation Summit will be live online on October 19-20, 2021 for two days of interactive live-streamed sessions, roundtable discussion groups and 1-1 video meetings.
David Speller, OPTIfarm CEO/Founder, will be one of the distinguished speakers at the event and in this...
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by Sam Shafer
For broiler chickens, how much space each bird gets around a feeder may be an important factor in weight gain and overall productivity.
According to a new Journal of Applied Poultry Research ® study led by scientists at Mississippi State University and the USDA-ARS Poultry Research Unit, increased feeder spacing can help growing broiler chickens get off to a good start—but these improvements don’t appear to translate to...
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1. Introduction The food demand is projected to double over the next 50 years [1]. The increase in the demand of poultry meat over the past decade has been due to the low cost, the positive nutritional profiles, and the suitability in farming [2]. Intensive production is required to achieve the demand, and poultry health should be approached in a multidisciplinary way to ensure animal health [3]. According to OIE, an animal is in a good state of welfare if it is healthy,...
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Introduction In late years, genetic studies on broiler chickens for selection of traits such as high growth rate and larger size of the body shows there is a negative correlation between reproductive traits and increasing yield. So that's in the roosters, physiological disorders like decreased libido, decreased mating numbers and reduced sperm production have increased (Dawkins and Layton, 2012). In addition to the strong negative genetic correlation between productive and...
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Introduction Crossbreeding is a method of genetic improvement [1]. It produces chickens that will be better in different economic traits, such as growth rate, feed efficiency, age at first egg, and carcass characteristics [1,2]. The superiority of crossbreeds over purebreeds in some of the above-mentioned productive and reproductive traits was confirmed by many scholars [3]. Many scholars evaluated the assessment of reciprocal crossbreeds for different breeds in different...
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Effective Solutions for Preventing and Treating CRD in Poultry with Natural and Conventional Approaches
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1. Introduction The Ethiopian indigenous chickens are characterized by slow growth, late maturity and low egg production performance which are estimated at 60 small eggs with thick shells and a deep yellow yolk color (Yami and Dessie, 1997; Niraj et al., 2014). Local chickens kept under the intensive management systems are inferior to exotic stock in health status and they are also slow in rate of feathering and exhibit recurrent outbreaks of disease (Solomon, 2004). Because of...
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Introduction The improvement of genetic selection and management practices are increased dramatically for the last decades (Kryeziu et al., 2018), stocking density of broilers is one of the major factors that can improve performance to face the improvement of genetic selection (Simsek et al., 2011). Stocking density has a significant impact on production cost, however, excessive density may affect broiler performance and thus slaughterer traits. Slaughter traits are...
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by Sam Shafer
Poultry producers maintain healthy, productive flocks by carrying out depopulation when hens reach 65 to 90 weeks old. Depopulation means hens need to be caught, carried and put in crates on their way to slaughter. The challenge is that hens in commercial systems are not used to being handled, and they often struggle to avoid being caught. As a result, each step of the depopulation process comes with a risk of injury and stress for the...
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by Sam Shafer
Are rice paddies and duck operations a match made in heaven? In a recent Poultry Science ® study, researchers with Yangzhou University investigated the effects of integrating ducks into a rice farming system on duck carcass traits, meat quality, amino acid, and fatty acid composition.
The team found that a rice-duck (RD) farming system improved the carcass traits, intramuscular fat, essential amino acids, and polyunsaturated fatty...
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Changing Feed Industry Imperatives Call For A Closer Look At On-Site Aflatoxin Test Methods
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“Water utilization is important because water is a finite commodity,” says Richard B. Russell Professor and Chair Sammy Aggrey. “Basically, we can run out of fresh water...
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By Claire Marie Coleman
As the No. 1 poultry producing state in the U.S., Georgia’s poultry industry generates more than $3.8 billion annually. Part of...
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