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Campylobacter in poultry
Campylobacter is highly prevalent in poultry worldwide, including broilers, layers, turkeys, ducks, and geese, while causing little or no clinical disease. Campylobacter species are Gram-negative, motile, and non–spore-forming bacteria with a unique helical shape that changes to filamentous or coccoid as an adaptive response to environmental stresses. Campylobacter shedding by poultry varies by season, being highest in summer and autumn months. It is highly prevalent in commercial poultry and in chickens raised on organic or free-range farms, indicating that different production systems are equally vulnerable to invasion by this organism. Colonization of poultry by Campylobacter occurs primarily in the lower intestinal tract (cecum, colon, and cloaca). However, the organism can also be recovered to a lesser extent from the small intestines and gizzard, and infrequently from the liver, spleen, and gall bladder.
1. Introduction Emerging biomarkers hold the potential to revolutionize veterinary medicine by enabling swift disease diagnosis, enhancing animal health monitoring, and optimizing welfare and production efficiency [1]. Nevertheless, the journey from biomarker identification to practical application is often fraught with challenges. Existing diagnostic tools for assessing gut health in poultry suffer from drawbacks, including invasiveness, subjectivity, labor intensiveness, and/or...
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1. Introduction Poultry refers to avian species (e.g., Gallus gallus domesticus—chicken; Anas platyrhynchos domesticus—duck) housed in a diversity of production systems (e.g., organic, free-range and conventional structures) that are dedicated to the production of poultry products, specifically chicken meat and table eggs for human consumption and eggs hatching for reproduction [1,2]. Bacterial contamination in poultry can be initiated by ingestion of contaminated feed or...
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January 28, 2025
United States - Georgia - Atlanta
INTRODUCTION Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) is a Gram-negative commensal pathogen prevalent in the intestinal tract of chickens and other animals. Human infection is characterized by inflammatory bowel response, followed by bloody diarrhea and painful symptoms to the affected people and pets. In addition, Guillain-Barre syndrome can be a secondary sequelae, characterized by a potential fatal autoimmune disorder in humans (Crofts et al., 2018). Moreover, CJ multidrug resistance to...
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1. Introduction Campylobacter is a virulent Gram-negative bacterial genus mainly found in the intestines of poultry [1], dogs, and cats [2]. These pathogens can cause bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. In more complex cases, they can cause Guillain–Barré syndrome and death [3]. Since its first recognition, several pathogenic species of Campylobacter that cause human campylobacteriosis have been cataloged using phylogenetic tools...
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Introduction Campylobacter is a gram-negative commensal bacterium in the gastrointestinal tract of multiple wild and domesticated animal species [1]. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Campylobacter is estimated to cause 1.3 million cases of human illness in the United States annually [2]. In 2019, Campylobacter was the leading cause of U.S. foodborne illness, with an overall incidence of 19.5 per 100,000 population [3]. The...
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1. Introduction The digestive tract serves as a selective regulator of nutrient intake and is the site of interaction with commensal and pathogenic bacteria [1]. Pathogenic colonization of the gut has negative effects on enterocyte permeability, ion transport and the structure of the mucosa [2]. Campylobacter jejuni is considered responsible for several gastrointestinal diseases in humans, with high consumption of chicken meat and poultry products being associated with human...
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1. Introduction Campylobacter jejuni has been considered one of the leading causes of human gastrointestinal diseases worldwide, with outbreaks registered both in industrialized and developing countries [1]. Campylobacter spp. colonizes the avian gut in high concentrations with few or no clinical symptoms. Hence, it has been traditionally considered commensal, although a revision of this bacteria–host interaction has been recently proposed [2]. Upon interaction with avian...
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INTRODUCTION Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of foodborne gastrointestinal infections worldwide. Human campylobacteriosis in its acute phase is characterized by diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting and has been linked to the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome, reactive arthritis, and irritable bowel syndrome as complications after the acute phase of the disease (Loshaj-Shala et al., 2015). The WHO (2015) estimated that Campylobacter...
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Héctor Leyva-Jiménez (United Animal Health) talks about a technology to process pathogen profiles to identify coinfections and help make better decisions on the farm, in this interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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The U.S. Poultry & Egg Association (USPOULTRY) will present “Let’s Talk Research - Current Poultry Research and Findings” as part of the 2024 International Production & Processing Expo’s (IPPE) TECHTalks on Thursday, Feb. 1. Six USPOULTRY-funded research projects completed during 2023 will be reviewed by the researchers who conducted them. The topics will focus on poultry diseases, animal welfare and food safety.
The session will kick off with an...
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INTRODUCTION Campylobacteriosis is among the most frequently reported bacterial foodborne infection in both the European Union (EU) and the United States, with Campylobacter jejuni as the major causative agent. In the last decade, the number of confirmed infections in the EU exceeded 200,000/year. Symptoms of campylobacteriosis include diarrhea, fever and cramps. Death rarely occurs, but complications can increase more than fivefold due to infections with antibiotic-resistant...
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INTRODUCTION Campylobacter is a leading bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis, annually accounting for approximately 166 million diarrheal cases around the world, particularly in developed countries (Kirk et al., 2015). Campylobacter infection in humans develop fever, vomiting, abdominal pains, and diarrhea, and in some cases Guillain–Barré syndrome, an autoimmune disorder characterized by acute and progressive neuromuscular paralysis (Young et al., 2007). Human...
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1. Introduction The application of antibiotics on poultry farms has been linked to the global emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in recent years (Benrabia et al., 2020; Kaonga et al., 2021). MDR bacteria can spread from food-producing animals to humans through direct contact with the food chain and the environment (Kirbis and Krizman, 2015). One-Health issues are still an important topic in the poultry industry, pre-harvest as well as post-harvest. Efforts...
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INTRODUCTION Campylobacter is a prevalent foodborne pathogen in poultry such as chicken and turkey. It causes foodborne disease in humans (campylobacteriosis) due to consumption of contaminated poultry products, thus constituting a major public health issue (Sahin et al., 2002; Newell and Fearnley, 2003). Control of Campylobacter in poultry to improve microbiological safety is a primary concern for consumers and government food safety agencies (Lin, 2009). Traditionally,...
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I. Introduction Eggs are an affordable raw agricultural commodity with a high nutrient density. Eggs serve a key role in diets around the world. Maintaining the quality of eggs is a worldwide concern. Generally, there are three types of egg quality: 1) physical, 2) functional, and 3) microbial. During this presentation, all three types of egg quality will be discussed and factors which influence egg quality characteristics will be explained. Understanding the types of egg quality, as...
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Yeast cell wall improves broiler performance during necrotic enteritis challenge
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Date: Wednesday, March 29, 2023 at 12:00 PM CDT
About this Webinar (Free for PSA Members)
CDC has reported the major cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the U.S. is Campylobacter jejuni. We are only beginning to understand the epidemiology of Campylobacter. Understanding this and the unique characteristics of Campylobacter will help us develop on farm Campylobacter reduction programs for broiler...
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Salmonella is a leading bacterial cause of foodborne illness, with ~17% of salmonellosis cases attributed to broilers. Conventional Salmonella isolation procedures involve characterizing a single colony per positive sample. As such, these methods favor the most abundant serovar found in a sample, potentially allowing other serovars to remain undetected. CRISPR-SeroSeq is a novel, high-resolution sequencing approach that can detect and quantify the relative frequency of multiple serovars...
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Diksha Pokhrel (Mississippi State University) comments on biofilm formation and processing interventions, as well as recommended precautions regarding disinfection, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA....
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INTRODUCTION Poultry and poultry products represent a popular choice of protein in the United States, with increasingly high consumption rates over the past years (Zhang et al., 2018). Poultry meat has surpassed both pork and beef in per capita consumption in the United States (USDA Economic Research Service, 2020). With this increased consumption of poultry and poultry products, there is a significant concern for contamination, thus impacting public health. Salmonella and...
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