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Low protein diets are being investigated to reduce feed cost and address health, welfare and environmental concerns associated with feeding meat chickens excess dietary crude protein (CP). Low CP diets supplemented with only essential amino acids (AA) have failed to improve performance to that observed with standard CP diets (Dean et al., 2006). The nonessential amino acid glycine (Gly) is believed to become conditionally limiting as supplementation of Gly and essential AA in low CP diets...
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I. INTRODUCTION Supplementation of amino acids to reduce feather pecking behaviour and improve plumage condition has been previously studied and found to be successful (Savory, 1998, van Hierden et al., 2004). Feather eating behaviour performed by feather pecking birds suggests that feathers (predominately composed of keratin protein) may be consumed as an alternative source of amino acids, if digested. Methionine is an essential amino acid required for egg production and...
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Introduction Aquaculture has become a vital component of global food production, contributing significantly to food security, nutritional requirements, and economic development [4]. In India, aquaculture plays a crucial role in the rural economy, with Indian major carps, particularly Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Catla (Catla catla), being predominant species in freshwater fish culture. Efficient feed management practices are essential for sustainable aquaculture, as feed constitutes...
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Introduction Fish or any animal needs an adequate balanced diet that contains all the required necessary essential nutrients to have optimal growth. These nutrient requirements vary from species to species, sex, age, the environment where it lives, different stages of larval development, and the health status of the species. A minimum of 35 to 45 nutrients is required for marine fish. To have the best optimal growth and reduce pollution in the environment a thorough knowledge of...
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Corn remains the primary energy source in poultry diets. However, not all corn delivers equal nutritional value. Poor grain quality can significantly reduce its Metabolizable Energy (ME) for poultry, affecting both bird performance and production cost. Energy Loss Equation in Poultry Due to Poor-Quality Corn Barbarino and Rostagno (2001) developed an equation to estimate the Metabolizable Energy Lost (MEL) in poultry feed based on corn...
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1. Introduction Over the past few years, extensive studies have demonstrated significant advancements in precision livestock farming. Developing a dynamic and optimized amino acid (AA) supply is advantageous for enhancing feeding efficiency, reducing nitrogen (N) footprint, and minimizing the environmental impact of livestock production [1]. For decades, genetic selective breeding programs have been implemented to promote rapid growth in broilers, particularly in white-feathered...
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On 20th of May, the second day of the 22nd (2025) CIAHE, in the presence of thousands of professional visitors and industry colleagues, Zheng Chang Feed Science & Technology Co., Ltd. and Belarus National Bio-technology Corporation (abbreviated as: BNBC) signed a contract to deepen the...
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ARLINGTON, Va. – May 21, 2025 – The Institute for Feed Education and Research (IFEEDER) held its Board of Trustees annual meeting on Tuesday to discuss its current projects and install new Board leadership and trustees.
"IFEEDER has made significant progress in...
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James Wen (Evonik Animal Nutrition) explains how NIR calibration helps address feed ingredient variability by measuring factors like trypsin inhibitors and reactive lysine, ensuring consistent quality and nutrient balance for optimal animal performance.
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Introduction The dairy industry continues to provide a nutritious food source to our growing global population. Throughout history this industry has undergone significant evolutions contributing to a “more sustainable” product. But what does sustainability really mean, and in animal agriculture, why do we care? According to the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 sustainability is to “create and maintain conditions, under which humans and nature...
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Introduction Trace minerals exist in cells and tissues of the body in a variety of chemical combinations and characteristic concentrations, depending on the trace mineral consumed and the tissue in which the trace mineral is metabolized (McDowell, 1992; Underwood and Suttle, 1999). Concentrations of trace minerals must be maintained within narrow limits in a cell (McDowell, 1989, 1992; Underwood and Suttle, 1999). Trace mineral deficiencies, toxicities, and imbalances require the...
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Introduction The global agricultural sector, including associated land-use changes, was responsible for emitting 10.6 gigatons (Gt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e), contributing considerably to the overall 53 Gt CO 2 e of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (FAO, 2023). In the United States, the agriculture sector contributed 0.59 Gt CO 2 e in 2022, representing 9.36% of the nation's GHG emissions. This marked a 7.7% increase from 1990 levels...
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Mr. Ricky Thaper, a key opinion leader with 30 years of experience in India's poultry sector, reflects on the industry's impressive growth. He discusses the challenges of maintaining high-quality soybean meal in poultry feed, highlighting the detrimental effects of cost-cutting measures and emphasizing the need for improved standards and the efforts of poultry associations to ensure soybean meal retains its nutritional value and protein quality for optimal poultry health and growth....
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Introduction With the increasing demand for animal protein projected for the next decades as world’s population increases, the perceived antagonism between intensive animal production and climate change will intensify. It is estimated that livestock agriculture accounts for 14% of total CO2 emissions of which 1.4% can be attributed to pig production (FAO, 2020, IPCC, 2019 and 2022). Social pressure, policy making, carbon tax and sustainable financial investing will necessitate...
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INTRODUCTION As most farmers’ focus is on broiler farming for meat, cockerel production has not received the attention it deserves over the years. With increasing global human population, it is necessary to boast the production of animal and poultry that will meet the urgent market need for animal protein (Steinfeld, 2003). One approach to tackle this is to stimulate the cockerel industry, the neglected area of poultry production. Protein is a crucial component of chicken...
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INTRODUCTION Nutrient requirement for any ingredient is defined as the amount of that nutrient which must be supplied in the diet to meet the needs of the normal health of an animal in an environment compatible with good health. It can also be said to be the amount of a given nutrient required by the animal to maximize performance. Formulation of a balanced diet is fundamental to economical poultry production, and this process depends on knowledge of nutrient requirements of poultry...
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Dr. S. Nandakumar, Formulator at Cargill India, specializes in custom shrimp and fish feed formulations. He shares insights on India's rapidly growing aquaculture sector, driven by innovation, government support, and rising consumer demand....
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Ezequiel Villar from CPM speaks on the trends and innovations applied in Latin America by CPM in 2025 to improve the pet food industry ...
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I. INTRODUCTION Dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) is defined by the interrelationship between sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ) and chloride (Cl - ) where DEB = Na ++ K + -Cl - as mEq/kg and it plays an influential role in homeostasis of the body fluids. Borges et al. (2004) investigated DEB in two experiments and concluded that there was a quadratic effect on weight gain and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) when the DEB was...
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