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Dairy cattle nutrition
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Introduction Near record high feed, fuel, and fertilizer prices, and high inflation rates all have put increasing economic burden on beef producers. The increased cost of feeding cattle means that increasing feed efficiency is critical to feedlot production. Historically, feed costs represent about 70% of the total cost of production for feedlot operators and therefore, feed efficiency has 4 x greater economic return when compared to the same improvement in feedlot growth (Gibb and...
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Introduction Bovine colostrum is largely known for its crucial role in providing the newborn dairy calf with immunoglobulin G (IgG) to establish passive immunity. However, IgG is only one of numerous colostral bioactive compounds – including hormones, fatty acids, and sialylated oligosaccharides (OS) – that have an unrealized potential to positively stimulate calf development (Fischer-Tlustos et al., 2021). In contrast to IgG, many of these bioactive factors...
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Introduction Climate change is a global issue that requires comprehensive and far-reaching solutions across all economic and demographic jurisdictions. The Paris Climate Agreement, adopted in 2015, sets out a global framework to address harmful climate impacts by limiting additional global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius (°C) (1.5 °C goal). The accord recognizes regional differences and the need for specific actions across all jurisdictions, including developed...
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India has largest livestock population in world. Livestock is one of the important economic activities especially in the rural areas of country providing income for most of the family. In dairy farming, feeding cost accounts about seventy percent of total operation cost. Even though dairying Programme have attained considerable importance in various Five Year Plans and the States and the Centre for the development of this sector have taken up several schemes/projects but different diet plan...
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Introduction The world population is expected to increase by ~2 billion, reaching 9.7 billion in 2050 (UN, 2019). Compared to 2012, this growth of the global population and affluence of emerging economies is predicted to promote a 40 to 55% increase in global demand for meat and dairy products by 2050 (FAO, 2018). Land resources available to expand production is limited, and there is increasing societal pressure to reduce the degradation of natural resources. In addition, animal...
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A case to be made for choline as a required nutrient for transition dairy cows
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Introduction The United Nation’s sustainable development goals aim to “…achieve a better and more sustainable future for all” by addressing “…the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.” These challenges are interconnected and depend on integrating innovative ideas of several science fields to achieve sustainability, especially in livestock production...
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Maxime Briche and Laurine Faivre from Phileo by Lesaffre, explain how Digescan™ provides a digestibility measurement indicator by combining the easy-to-use field tool and the performance of a digital tool
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INTRODUCTION Feed (ration) formulation is a technique by which different feed ingredients are combined to provide required nutrient to animals for a period of time, usually 24 hours, at different stages of production. A ration should supply all essential nutrients and energy to maintain vital physiological functions of growth, reproduction and health of animals. Ration should be palatable, digestible with permissible level of anti-nutritional...
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Nutritionists showed that overfeeding for 8 wk to nonpregnant, nonlactating cows increased adipose tissue mass in nonlactating dairy cows, with omental, mesenteric, and perirenal fat masses about twice as high; however, BCS at the end of the feeding period was not affected. Thus, cows with excessive...
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We’ve previously discussed high-shear dry extrusion of corn and how this process can be used to form highly-gelatinized starch that is quickly degraded in the rumen. Among other things, dry extruded corn has more available energy for productive purposes. This means that more of the energy in corn, following dry...
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Wenli Li (US Dairy Forage Research Center) talks about using diets to manipulate rumen microbiome, during the Symposium on Gut Health in St. Louis, USA....
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A case to be made for choline as a required nutrient for transition dairy cows
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Introduction Lucerne is the main grazed forage of Argentina. However, there is a large yield and consumption gap on most dairy and beef farms. Jáuregui et al. (2019) indicated that < 5 t ha -1 are consumed on average on dairy farms. There is potential to close the gap by increased grazing frequency, particularly during periods of high growth such as spring (Jáuregui et al., 2022). However, the long-term effects of such management on lucerne persistence...
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Introduction The major challenge in livestock farming worldwide is to increase and improve production while limiting environmental impact and competition for resources for human consumption. Ruminants are key to food security as they convert forages, not directly usable by monogastric animals and humans, into animal products for human food. They supply 51% of all protein with respectively 67% and 33% from milk and meat (Gerber et al., 2013). However, ruminant livestock...
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A case to be made for choline as a required nutrient for transition dairy cows
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